The cramped space behind the toilet is a difficult portion of the bathroom to maintain, posing a challenge when it comes time to dust and an even larger one when repainting. A toilet tank situated not quite flush against the wall leaves very little room to operate a brush or paint roller but just enough that it would be noticeable to leave the color unchanged while the rest of the room gets a refresh. Fortunately, DIY-inclined homeowners and renters have two easy options for how to paint behind a toilet, neither of which require moving the bulky ceramic out of the way.

• Option 1: Cover your toilet with a trash bag and line the floor with drop cloths so that you can work without fear of mess. This option is ideal when you are repainting your entire bathroom or the full wall where your toilet sits.
• Option 2: Enlist a specialty tool called the Paint Behind to slide into the narrow space behind a toilet and pad on paint. Use it together with Option 1 to ensure a complete and flawless paint job or alone as a “quick fix” to correct discoloration on the patch of wall directly behind the toilet.

Before you begin, make sure to select the right primer and paint. Bathrooms, of course, are exposed to a lot of moisture and humidity, so your paint choice should be designed to withstand the combination. Consider a paint with anti-microbial additives, like Benjamin Moore’s Aura Bath and Spa collection, or an interior paint with semi- or high-gloss finish—this sheen repels moistures better than matte paints. And don’t forget to start with a top-quality, moisture-resistant paint primer. The right primer will prevent peeling and water damage for years.

OPTION 1: Cover the toilet with a trash bag, then brush freely.

When painting the entire bathroom, prep the toilet with a drop cloth before you start but save the actual painting of the tight space behind your toilet for last—it requires the most detailed attention.

Step 1: Ventilate the bathroom.

Bathrooms are often small, enclosed spaces with poor air circulation. Materials like shower curtains and towels that retain moisture also keep them consistently humid. To boost bathroom ventilation and minimize paint drying time, remove the shower curtain, floor rug, bath, and hand towels. If your bathroom has windows, make sure they are open. Run the ventilation fan or plug in a small circulating fan.

To prevent paint fumes inhalation, you may also wish you wear a painter’s mask.

Step 2: Clean and prepare the area behind the toilet.

Clean the walls, floor, wall, and toilet surfaces with a cellulose sponge dipped in a mixture of dish soap and water. This will help remove dust and dust and hair build-up. Dry the area thoroughly with terry cloths.

Next, cover the floor around the toilet with a tarp or plastic sheet secured with painter’s tape.

Then, cover the toilet with an extra-large plastic garbage bag. (Tip: You’ll find contractor clean-up bags at your local home improvement store in sizes of up to 50 gallons, and these resist accidental tearing.) Tape the bag in place around the toilet’s base. Take care to wrap any piping or trim that might be exposed with painter’s tape.

Tried-and-True Advice

“There’s no way to paint behind a toilet with it being a bit awkward. Removing the toilet is an option, but that adds a series of steps to the process that are difficult and best avoided unless you have plumbing skills. I find that removing the lid and covering the toilet with a trash bag is efficient, and it allows for full paint coverage when using narrow, spongy brushes. Look for long handle options to make the process easier.”

—Zach Lazzari, Contributing Writer

Step 3: Prime and paint the wall.

Start with one to two coats of primer to ensure the best paint adhesion. To reach behind the toilet and around pipes, you’ll want to do the following:

• Use a narrow paint roller to apply paint primer around the shape of the toilet, cutting in as best you can. Roll with the metal frame on the outside in order to get as close to the covered toilet tank as possible.
• Switch to a 3-inch-wide foam brush to paint behind the toilet. Carefully load one side of the foam brush with paint primer and, when you reach behind the toilet, keep the paint-covered side in direct contact with the wall. Apply in small strokes.
• Use a 1-inch-wide angled brush for detail work around the pipes.

Let the primer dry thoroughly before applying paint. (The paint’s drying time will depend on the temperature and humidity level in your bathroom, as well as the paint primer you choose; refer to the can for an estimated dry time between coats and before paint.)

After priming, clean your paint pan before pouring fresh paint into it. To apply your paint, follow the same tips. After the first coat, wait the amount of time recommended by the manufacturer (longer, if your bathroom is not well ventilated) so that the wall is completely dry before applying a top coat.

OPTION 2: Purchase a special painting tool to access the area behind a toilet tank.

Painting the wall behind the toilet tank can be less of a pain when you use a tool designed to fit the narrow gap between the toilet tank and wall. Sure, it may be that you only have a paint job like this once every five to 10 years (maybe more, if you are a renter who appreciates a fresh coat of paint when you move in and then often needs to repaint before you move out). There’s an innovative painting tool you can buy online to access hard-to-reach areas called the Paint Behind. It’s a flat, extendable-to-12-inches paint brush that can reach behind toilets, pipes, radiators, and other tight spots.

Step 1: Ventilate the bathroom, then prep for painting.

Proceed in establishing good bathroom ventilation and a clean slate for best adhesion, just as you would in Steps 1 and 2 of Option 1.

Clean the wall behind the toilet with a cellulose sponge dipped in a mixture of dish soap and water (you might also try dipping a microfiber cloth in the cleaning solution and wrapping it around the Paint Behind, and extending the tool to clean behind the tank). While the wall air dries, clean the stick and let it dry completely before painting.

Cover the bathroom floor with a drop cloth held in place with painter’s tape, but skip bagging the toilet. Keep a damp paper towel nearby to wipe up any marks.

Step 2: Dip the tool into primer, and glide it across the wall. Repeat the process with coats of paint.

Dip the Paint Behind’s applicator pad into the paint tray to get primer on pad. Then, glide the paint wand the wall behind the toilet, pressing firmly to make sure the entire paint-saturated surface meets the wall.

Apply two coats of primer this way, leaving time between them as recommended by the paint manufacturer. Then, clean the Paint Behind with water and let it dry. Repeat the process with two coats of paint using the Paint Behind.

The post How to Paint Behind a Toilet appeared first on Bob Vila.

Spray an air freshener and it may mitigate bad house smells momentarily. But, plug-in air fresheners combat unpleasant odors continuously, masking or even eliminating them completely. These products come in a number of different formats and typically work by heating oil or wax to aerosolize or vaporize fragrances. Although air purifiers sanitize the air by filtering out dust, mold spores, pet dander, and more.

While choosing the best plug-in air freshener might seem like a simple decision, there are a number of considerations to weigh. Our favorite was the plug-in air freshener from Febreze because of its simple design and effective refills. This guide explores important features and considerations and some of the top products on the market.

1. BEST OVERALL: Febreze Odor-eliminating Plug Air Freshener
2. BEST BANG FOR THE BUCK: Air Wick Plug in Scented Oil Starter Kit
3. BEST ECO-FRIENDLY: Air Wick Botanica Plug in Scented Oil Starter Kit
4. BEST DIFFUSER: Pure Daily Care Ultimate Aromatherapy Diffuser Set
5. BEST AIR PURIFIER: LEVOIT Smart WiFi Air Purifier for Home
6. BEST MINI AIR PURIFIER: Germ Guardian Pluggable Air Purifier & Sanitizer
7. BEST FOR BATHROOM: Mindful Design Frosted Pagoda Wax Warmer Plug-In
   

Product Comparison

Our Top Picks

The following recommendations take into account the abovementioned factors and features for choosing the best plug-in air freshener, in addition to overall quality and value. Check out these top options in a variety of categories for eliminating unpleasant odors and controlling the air quality in your home.

Best Overall

Febreze Odor-eliminating Plug Air Freshener

See It

What We Like

• Refill cartridges
• Suitable for large and small spaces
• Compatible with horizontal and vertical outlets
• Compact and lightweight

What We Don’t Like

• Should not be used in enclosed areas with pets
• Cannot be used with extension cords
• Not compatible with wet or moist areas

This heated oil set from Febreze packs a serious punch—and some pleasant scents. It includes the plug-in warmer as well as one to two refill cartridges, each of which features two rotating, complementary scents that feature notes of lily and pear. Use the highest setting for large open spaces and the lowest setting for smaller rooms.

Each cartridge operates for 1,200 hours (approximately 50 days) at the lowest setting. The warmer is also compatible with all other versions of Febreze plug-in cartridges for more tropical, musky, or floral scents. The warmer is compatible with both horizontal and vertical outlets and can be placed upside down if necessary.

Product Specs

• Type: Heated oil
• Scent(s): Clean linen, lily, and pear
• Longevity: 50 days (per refill)

Get the Febreze plug-in air freshener at Target or Walmart.

Best Bang for the Buck

Air Wick Plug in Scented Oil Starter Kit

See It

What We Like

• Extra refills
• 5 settings
• Lasts for 360 days total on the lowest setting
• Dye- and phthalate-free
• Recyclable and eco-friendly

What We Don’t Like

• Some users report issues with the scent quality

Air Wick’s scented oil starter kit features two warmers and six refills at a budget-friendly price. Control the amount of fragrance emitted by choosing from five settings for tackling cooking, musty, and pet odors. This kit provides a lavender aroma for 360 days on the lowest setting, with each cartridge lasting for approximately 60 days.

The oil is free of dyes and phthalates and contains natural fragrances, which include notes of lavender essence as well as chamomile and woods. The packing materials and glass cartridges are recyclable to make the product eco-friendly. The refills are also compatible with all other Air Wick plug-in air fresheners.

Product Specs 

• Type: Heated oil
• Scent(s): Lavender and chamomile
• Longevity: 60 days (per refill)

Get the Air Wick Starter Kit at Amazon, The Home Depot, and Walmart.

Best Eco-Friendly

Air Wick Botanica Plug in Scented Oil Starter Kit

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What We Like

• Free of propellants, dyes, and phthalates
• Cruelty-free
• Responsibly-sourced oil
• 100 percent recyclable packaging

What We Don’t Like

• Some users report poor scent quality

Air Wick’s Botanica line is tough on unpleasant smells and gentle on the planet. The oil contains responsibly sourced ingredients and no chemical propellants, dyes, or phthalates, and it was not tested on animals. The scent features Caribbean sweetgrass and sandalwood, and the sweetgrass essential oil is responsibly sourced from Haiti. It comes in a 100 percent recyclable box and is made in a zero-waste plant.

The kit includes two warmers and six refills, each of which provides up to 60 days of pleasant, warm aromas on the lowest setting. Air Wick also makes a number of other eco-friendly Botanica fragrances, including French Lavender and Honey, Pineapple and Tunisian Rosemary, and Himalayan Magnolia and Vanilla.

Product Specs 

• Type: Heated oil
• Scent(s): Caribbean sweetgrass and sandalwood, French lavender and honey, pineapple and Tunisian rosemary, and Himalayan magnolia and vanilla
• Longevity: 60 days (per refill)

Get the Air Wick Scented Oil Starter Kit at Amazon.

Best Diffuser

Pure Daily Care Ultimate Aromatherapy Diffuser Set

See It

What We Like

• Suitable for aromatherapy
• 10 essential oils with amber jars for sun protection
• BPA-free plastic construction
• 400-millimeter capacity
• 7 ambient light modes

What We Don’t Like

• No longevity between reloads listed
• Pricey compared to similar options

Pure Daily Care makes an excellent starter kit for those interested in aromatherapy. This diffuser comes with 10 therapeutic-grade essential oils, including lavender, eucalyptus, tea tree, orange, peppermint, lemongrass, jasmine, nutmeg, clove, and spearmint. Each is packaged in a 10-milliliter amber jar that protects the oil from sun degradation.

The diffuser itself is made from BPA-free plastic with a wood grain design and has a 400-milliliter capacity. It features seven ambient light modes with two light intensity settings as well as a timer and an auto-shutoff feature that detects low water levels.

Product Specs 

• Type: Essential oil diffuser
• Scent(s): Lavender, eucalyptus, tea tree, orange, peppermint, lemongrass, jasmine, nutmeg, clove, and spearmint
• Longevity: Unlimited

Get the Pure Daily Care diffuser set at Amazon or Walmart.

Best Air Purifier

LEVOIT Smart WiFi Air Purifier for Home

See It

What We Like

• Connects to Wi-Fi networks; controllable through smartphones and tablets
• Removes 99.97 percent of airborne contaminants
• 3-step filtration system
• Circulates air multiple times per hour
• Night mode

What We Don’t Like

• Pricey
• No air quality sensor built-in

LEVOIT smart air purifier connects to a Wi-Fi network, allowing users to control it remotely from a smartphone or a tablet. Eliminate 99.97 percent of airborne contaminants that are 0.3 microns in size, including dust, pollen, mold, and pet dander, using the ultrafine nylon prefilter, activated carbon filter, and HEPA filter. In a 183-square-foot room, this air purifier circulates air five times per hour and twice per hour in a 376-square-foot room.

For uninterrupted sleep, users can turn off all display lights while the purifier is operating. Sleep mode also operates quietly at just 24 decibels, while “high-speed” mode produces 45 decibels of sound, which is comparable to the sound of a fridge running.

Product Specs 

• Type: Air purifier
• Scent(s): N/A
• Longevity: Unlimited

Get the LEVOIT Smart WiFi air purifier at Amazon or Target.

Best Mini Air Purifier

Germ Guardian Pluggable Air Purifier & Sanitizer

See It

What We Like

• Compatible with standard wall outlets
• UV-C light technology; removes VOCs, germs, and viruses
• Compact, lightweight design

What We Don’t Like

• Not suitable for large spaces
• Replacement bulbs sold separately

Many plug-in air purifiers sit on a tabletop, but mini models rest directly on a wall outlet, taking up minimal space. Despite its compact size, this Germ Guardian product is powerful enough to sanitize the air in small spaces. Rather than filters, it uses UV-C light to remove airborne germs and viruses and reduce volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The light actually alters the genetic structure of particles like influenza, killing them before they are breathed in. Each bulb lasts for between 4,000 and 5,000 hours.

Product Specs 

• Type: Air purifier
• Scent(s): N/A
• Longevity: 4,000 to 5,000 hours

Get the Germ Guardian mini air purifier at Amazon, The Home Depot, and Walmart.

Best for Bathroom

Mindful Design Frosted Pagoda Wax Warmer Plug-In

See It

What We Like

• Removable dish
• Toggle switch turn-on
• Produces aroma and light

What We Don’t Like

• Wax not included
• Should be used with soy-based waxes for best results

To bring a spa-style vibe to any bathroom, consider this Mindful Design product. As a wax warmer, it provides the peaceful ambiance of a scented candle without the stress of an open flame. The pagoda-shaped warmer has a wood frame and glass siding, and it uses a glowing filament bulb to create a gentle golden glow for a relaxing atmosphere.

The outlet cord features a toggle switch so users can easily turn the warmer off when leaving the room. The bowl is removable for easy cleanup once the wax has cooled. The wax is not included; purchase soy-based wax for the best results.

Product Specs 

• Type: Wax warmer
• Scent(s): Universal
• Longevity: 4 to 8 hours

Get the Mindful Design plug-in air freshener at Amazon.

How We Chose the Best Plug-In Air Fresheners

We researched the most sought-after plug-in air fresheners in their respective categories and discovered that the best options are determined by their type, size, fragrances offered, longevity, ease of setup and use, and other special features included by top brands.

To ensure our list included top picks that satisfied a range of preferences, we included heated oil models, essential oil diffusers, air purifiers, and wax melts that are compact enough to fit standard wall outlets as well as tabletops and vehicles. While many options come with various fragrances, some options remove unpleasant odors with air purification and elimination without the use of natural or artificial fragrances.

Though some options on our list provide unlimited usage, all of the other products listed above offer odor control for 4 hours to as long as 360 days at a time in small to large rooms. Each option is also easy to set up and use by simply plugging in or refilling a reservoir with water and compatible essential oils. Plus, these air fresheners are suitable for use in living room, kitchen, automotive, and bathroom spaces and their odors.

What to Consider When Choosing the Best Plug-in Air Freshener 

A number of factors and product features may affect a plug-in air freshener’s scent, settings, aesthetic, convenience, and overall quality. Keep reading to learn important considerations when shopping for the best plug-in air freshener for unpleasant home smells.

Types of Plug-in Air Fresheners

There are four basic types of plug-in air fresheners for unpleasant odors: heated oils and sprays, wax warmers, essential oil diffusers, and air purifiers. Each provides varying benefits and offers differing levels of convenience, longevity, and additional features.

Heated Oil and Spray

These standard plug-in air fresheners are energy efficient, emitting a fairly strong fragrance while using a minimal amount of electricity. They feature cartridges filled with a wide variety of scented oils, which are then aerosolized and sprayed into the room. Most models are compatible with any refill cartridge from the same brand. Each cartridge lasts between 30 and 60 days, though longevity varies from brand to brand.

Some folks find the fragrance from this type of air freshener to be overpowering, but there are products that let you control the level of scent emitted, adjusting it to room size or user preference. Be mindful of standard plug-in air fresheners when it comes to children and pets, because heated oils and sprays are dangerous if ingested.

Wax Warmers

Wax warmers act as a safer alternative to burning candles, relying on either a light bulb or a warming plate as a heat source instead of an open flame. Bulbs for plug-in wax warmers range from 25 to 40 watts, and various models may emit soft, ambient light to mimic a candle. While some models may come with wax, it can also be purchased separately.

These products feature a heat-resistant bowl where users place wax melts or pucks that come in various natural and synthetic fragrances. The wax takes several hours to cool completely and should not be accessible to children or pets. Each wax melt lasts for up to 10 hours.

Essential Oil Diffusers

Essential oils are natural, plant-derived substances said to have a number of aromatherapeutic benefits. Essential oil diffusers heat essential oils to break them down and dispense the smaller particles into the air. Most models also use water to provide both a humidifying and air- freshening effect.

While the water reservoir must be refilled daily, only a few drops of essential oil are required. Some oil diffusers are sold with essential oils while others require that you purchase them separately. Essential oil diffusers should only be used for half an hour at a time because prolonged exposure to essential oils may have negative health effects.

Air Purifiers

Air purifiers actually eliminate unpleasant odors rather than simply covering them up. Not only that, but they also improve air quality by removing dust, pollen, mold, and pet dander. They are the ideal choice for reducing airborne contaminants that aggravate allergy symptoms and cause respiratory issues. They draw in odors and particles from the air, then use filters to purify the air before recirculating it into the room.

The highest-quality filters are known as HEPA (high-efficiency particulate air) filters. They have been certified to trap 99.97 percent of all particles that are 0.3 microns or larger in size. HEPA filters must be changed every 3 to 6 months.

When choosing an air purifier, consider the size of your space. Most manufacturers will stipulate the ideal room size for their product and provide an air change per hour (ACH) rate, which lets users know how many times per hour it will filter all of the air in the room.

Location

When choosing an air freshener, first consider where it will be placed. While a stronger fragrance may be a great choice for a large open space, it may be overpowering in a small bathroom. Also, consider any pets or young children in the household, and be sure to place the plug-in air freshener out of their reach.

Note that your vehicle may also benefit from a plug-in product. Some are designed to be plugged into a car’s 2-volt outlet, while others use a USB cable. They’re convenient for covering up the smell of fast food or stinky sports equipment. They typically power on when the engine is running to avoid wasting the car’s battery.

Scent

One of the primary considerations when choosing an air freshener is whether to go with a scented or unscented version. Standard air fresheners, as well as essential oil diffusers and wax warmers, feature a wide variety of fresh scents that can be swapped out seasonally or depending on your preference.

Decide whether natural aromas from essential oils or synthetic scents are the better choice for your household, keeping in mind that some artificial smells may act as irritants to allergy sufferers. Also remember that air purifiers eliminate odors without emitting any additional scent.

Settings

Each type of plug-in air freshener can feature a range of settings.

• Some standard air fresheners allow users to control the level of fragrance emitted based on how strong they want the smell to be. Others feature night-lights that are convenient for late-night bathroom trips.
• Essential oil diffusers may include timers, ambient light settings, and auto-shutoff features that detect low water levels.
• Air purifiers often feature different fan settings, timers, and filter change indicators. They may also include smart technology, allowing users to control them remotely via a smartphone or a tablet.

Aesthetic

When choosing an air freshener that will be placed in a visible location, the product’s appearance is a key consideration.

• Heated oil and spray air fresheners typically have a simple plastic design and display the color of the oil or liquid.
• Wax warmers vary widely in appearance, with options to suit a number of different decor styles. They may have either a natural, a contemporary, or a bohemian aesthetic.
• Essential oil diffusers come in a variety of shapes and sizes and feature casings made from plastic, wood, glass, and terra cotta.
• Air purifiers often feature streamlined modern designs that help them blend in with existing decor items.

Convenience

Some shoppers may prioritize convenience when choosing a plug-in air freshener. Air purifiers offer optimal convenience since their filters only need to be changed a few times per year. Essential oil diffusers, on the other hand, need their water reservoirs filled daily.

When shopping for a standard plug-in air freshener, look for a model that is compatible with both vertical and horizontal outlets that can be plugged in upside down if necessary.

FAQs 

Here are answers to some of the most frequently asked questions about plug-in air fresheners for bad home smells.

Q: Do plug-in air fresheners use a lot of electricity? 

Plug-in air fresheners are very energy efficient, using an average of 4 watts of power.

Q: Are plug-in air fresheners a fire hazard? 

While some plug-in air fresheners have been blamed for causing fires, this is extremely rare. These incidents are typically caused by faulty wiring.

Q: What is the most effective air freshener? 

Air purifiers are more powerful than traditional air fresheners because they actually filter and eliminate dust and mold particles to clean the air in your home. The LEVOIT Smart WiFi Air Purifier for Home is one of the best air purifier options available.

Q: What is the longest-lasting plug-in air freshener? 

The Air Wick Plug in Scented Oil Starter Kit is one of the most long-lasting plug-in air fresheners on the market, with the included cartridges lasting for a total of 360 days.

Q: How often do plug-in air fresheners need to be replaced? 

The cartridges on standard plug-in air fresheners typically need to be replaced every 30 to 60 days, depending on the brand.

The post The Best Plug-In Air Fresheners appeared first on Bob Vila.

Adding sufficient attic insulation is an excellent way to protect your home from temperature extremes and moisture damage while reducing heating and cooling costs. Insulation acts as a barrier to prevent the transfer of heat flow from the inside to the outside of the house in winter or from the outside to the inside in summer.

After reviewing several types of attic insulation, including the most sought-after products, our top pick is the Owens Corning R-38 Faced Fiberglass Insulation. Made of stiff fiberglass batts, this insulation is easy to cut and install and won’t slip out of place. It also offers a Kraft paper-faced side to mitigate moisture issues.

We also spoke to a veteran roofer and contractor for an expert opinion on insulation types for attics, R-values, and when to DIY versus when to call in a professional. Read on for key tips and a curated list of some of the best attic insulation products on the market. 

1. BEST OVERALL: Owens Corning R-38 Faced Fiberglass Insulation
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2. BEST BANG FOR THE BUCK: Frost King CF1 “No Itch” Natural Cotton Insulation
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3. BEST BLANKET: Owens Corning R-30 Unfaced Fiberglass Insulation
   ↓ Jump to Review
4. BEST BLOWN-IN: Greenfiber 25 lbs. Cellulose Blown-In Insulation
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5. BEST RADIANT FOIL: US Energy Products Double Bubble Foil Insulation
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6. BEST FOAM BOARD: Owens Corning Pink Insulation FOAMULAR 250 Board 
   ↓ Jump to Review

Before You Buy Attic Insulation

In most circumstances, it makes sense to add attic insulation. However, in a few situations, installing insulation can cause serious problems, such as in older homes that were built with large gaps between the walls to account for the moisture that naturally leaks into homes. The gaps allow the moisture to dry without causing damage to the structure, but if these spaces are filled with insulation, it can absorb the moisture and lead to mold and rotted wood.

If you have an old or wood-shingled roof and you attempt to install insulation on the ceiling of your attic, a similar situation could occur. These older roofing materials were made to get wet, breathe, and dry, but with insulation blocking the wood, the moisture will only accumulate. 

According to Michael Casolaro, President & Owner of MCAS Roofing & Contracting, Inc. in Croton-on-Hudson, New York, you should avoid adding insulation to attics with existing ventilation or moisture issues. “If your attic has existing moisture problems, mold, poor ventilation, or exposed wires, homeowners should avoid installing insulation before first fixing these issues. Adding insulation to an attic in any of these conditions can make your problems worse,” he says. 

Also, avoid using insulation anywhere near knob and tube wiring, which is an outdated electrical system that’s a major fire hazard and should be replaced as soon as possible. 

Attic Insulation Comparison Chart

Our Top Picks

The top-rated products below were chosen for their quality, price, and customer satisfaction to help you find the best attic insulation to protect your home from high- and low-temperature extremes.

Best Overall

Owens Corning R-38 Faced Fiberglass Insulation

See It

What We Like

• GreenGuard Certified for low chemical emissions
• Features a Kraft paper vapor retarder
• DIY-friendly; easy to cut and install
• Can be installed on top of existing insulation

What We Don’t Like

• Must be covered with a 15-minute thermal barrier

Specs 

• Type: Blanket 
• R-Value: R-38
• Material: Fiberglass 

Install this insulation from Owens Corning in an uninsulated attic or add it as a second layer to increase the R-value potential of a home and cut heating and cooling costs. It features a Kraft paper barrier to help prevent moisture issues and is GreenGuard-certified for low chemical emissions into indoor air. 

Each package includes eight pieces of fiberglass attic insulation, and each piece measures 48 inches by 16 inches. Using all eight pieces without cutting them covers a 42.67-square-foot space with 12.5-inch thick insulation. This blanket-style attic insulation is easy to cut and install, and the thick insulating material also helps reduce noise and vibration in your home.

Get the Owens Corning R-38 attic insulation at The Home Depot or Lowes.

Best Bang for the Buck

Frost King CF1 "No Itch" Natural Cotton Insulation

See It

What We Like

• Suitable for attic floors, ceilings, and walls
• Doesn’t require gloves or safety glasses when cutting 
• Works around pipes, ducts, windows, and doors
• Resistant to mold, mildew, and fire 

What We Don’t Like

• May not provide ample thermal insulation

Specs 

• Type: Blanket 
• R-Value: R-4 
• Material: Cotton 

Affordable and effective, this natural cotton attic insulation by Frost King is 1 inch thick and measures 16 inches by 48 inches. Use one or more pieces on attic walls, floors, and as attic ceiling insulation, or cut or rip up smaller pieces of insulation to fill in gaps around pipes, ducts, windows, and doors.

While this isn’t waterproof insulation, it’s made with cotton denim that’s resistant to mold and mildew. This is an all-natural alternative to woven fiberglass. Moreover, natural cotton denim is safe and easy to install with just your hands and a utility knife.

Get the Frost King attic insulation at Amazon, Ace Hardware, The Home Depot, and Walmart.

Best Blanket

Owens Corning R-30 Unfaced Fiberglass Insulation

See It

What We Like

• Made with 65 percent recycled content
• Easy to cut and position
• Helps regulate heat in every season
• Provides noise-reducing benefits

What We Don’t Like

• May not provide ample thermal insulation

Specs 

• Type: Blanket 
• R-Value: R-30
• Material: Fiberglass

This blanket insulation from Owens Corning is easy to cut, position, and install in almost any space. The woven fiberglass insulation is made with 65 percent recycled content and feels as soft as cotton.

This blanket insulation for a roof with attic space comes in 9-inch-thick insulation rolls. It boasts an R-value of 30, keeping your home warm in colder months and cooler in the warmer months. It also aids in reducing the transmission of noise.

Get the Owens Corning R-30 attic insulation at The Home Depot, Lowes, or Ace Hardware.

Best Blown-in

Greenfiber 25 lbs. Cellulose Blown-In Insulation

See It

What We Like

• 25 percent reduction in heating and cooling costs 
• Made with 85 percent recycled material
• Reduces noise by 60 percent
• Reduces fire hazards

What We Don’t Like

• Some users report unpleasant smell

Specs 

• Type: Blown-in or spray foam 
• R-Value: R-19 to R-60
• Material: Cellulose 

With versatile application options and an R-value of R-19, the Greenfiber Cellulose Blown-In insulation is a viable option for attics, sidewalls, and ceilings. Whether you spray it on or opt for blow-in application, this insulation is easy to apply over existing insulation or alone and reduces your heating and cooling costs by up to 25 percent. 

This insulation can cover 48 square feet of attic space and is suitable for all climates. It also reduces noise in your home by 60 percent, is made with 85 percent recycled material, and uses low-energy manufacturing. Finally, it has ample fire resistance and is carbon-locked, which makes it long-lasting. 

Get the Greenfiber attic insulation at The Home Depot or Lowe’s.

Best Radiant Foil

US Energy Products Double Bubble Foil Insulation

See It

What We Like

• Reflects up to 97 percent of heat
• Suitable for high-heat regions
• Light weight for easy cutting and installation

What We Don’t Like

• Needs used with foam board or blanket insulation

Specs 

• Type: Radiant foil 
• R-Value: Not specified
• Material: Aluminum polyester and polyethylene 

This radiant foil attic insulation by US Energy Products is a solid option when paired with another insulating material like foam board or blanket insulation because radiant foil can reflect up to 97 percent of radiant heat. The secondary insulator resists the flow of the residual heat. This insulation is easy to cut with a utility knife or scissors and simple to install with staples, nails, or an adhesive.

The insulation acts as a sandwich, with two layers of reflective metalized aluminum polyester film on the outside and two layers of polyethylene air bubbles on the inside. The air bubbles reduce the flow of heat, while the foil reflects the radiant heat. This construction keeps homes cool in warmer climates and warm in colder weather.

Get the US Energy insulation on Amazon.

Best Foam Board

Owens Corning Pink Insulation FOAMULAR 250 Board

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What We Like

• Suitable for attics, cavity wall insulation, and more
• Easy to install; can be cut if necessary
• Keeps moisture out
• Maintains R-value in extreme temperatures

What We Don’t Like

• Some users report awkward sizing

Specs 

• Type: Foam board
• R-Value: R-10
• Material: Extruded polystyrene

Foam board insulation is rigid and lightweight, making it easy to carry and install on floors, walls, ceilings, and around windows. Use a warm utility knife to slice through this foam board from Owens Corning with a high degree of precision. This method allows users to form the insulation to the exact size requirements or even to cut rounded shapes in the foam board so heat isn’t lost around pipes or other obstructions.

This insulation has low water absorption potential and is ideal for creating a vapor barrier in narrow gaps around windows and doors where significant amounts of heat can be lost from a home in the winter months.

Get the Owens Corning attic insulation on The Home Depot.

How We Chose the Best Attic Insulations

We researched the most sought-after attic insulations in their respective categories and discovered that the best options are determined by their type, R-value, materials, ease of application, and other special features included by select brands.

While assembling our list of top picks, we made sure to include diverse options, including blanket, spray/blow-in, radiant foil, and foam board insulation with R-values ranging from R-1.3 to R-40 for any required heat resistance. These insulation options are made with fiberglass, cotton, cellulose, polyester, polyethylene, and polystyrene, all of which are easy to install and suitable for cutting or adjusting as needed. 

Our top picks also offer mold-, mildew-, and fire-resistance and the added benefit of noise reduction. Plus, many of the above options are made with recycled or pre-consumed materials and are eco-friendly. 

Types of Attic Insulation

Several different types of attic insulation are available, including blanket, spray foam, radiant foil, and foam boards, each with benefits and shortcomings. 

According to Casolaro, the three best types of attic insulation include spray foam, fiberglass batts, and blown-in insulation. “Spray foam does the best job of insulating your attic, but it’s the most expensive,” he says “Fiberglass batts are affordable, but it’s more likely that air will leak through gaps. Most often, I’ll recommend blown-in insulation, which balances effectiveness with cost.”

Read below for a more detailed look at the pros and cons of each type of attic insulation so you can decide which is best for your unique circumstances.

Blanket Insulation

Blanket insulation is one of the most common types of insulation for walls and attic floors; however, don’t use it in open spaces because the fiberglass particles can affect the air quality in your home. Cut the thick pieces of insulation to fit tightly between the gaps in wooden frames or around pipes, wires, and other obstacles.

While this insulation is also one of the most inexpensive and easiest types to install, it isn’t as effective as spray foam insulation. When installing blanket insulation, wear a breathing mask and protective gloves to avoid irritating your lungs and skin.

Spray Foam

Spray foam insulation is the primary type of attic insulation. Pair it with blanket insulation to better insulate edges and corners, and use it to seal gaps in existing walls. Spray foam attic insulation costs more than other types and can be a hassle to remove. However, it’s the most effective option for insulating your home against the transmission of hot and cold air.

The spray foam is made of liquid polyurethane, which, when sprayed into the cavity of your wall or attic, expands and hardens into a solid foam. If you haven’t used spray foam insulation before, consider hiring a professional to install it to ensure your home is adequately protected.

Blow-In 

Blown-in insulation refers to blowing or spraying insulation products into wall cavities, attics, and floors. Methods vary depending on the form of insulation selected. Two of the most common types of blow-in insulation are fiberglass, rock wool, and cellulose, which are applied in an attic space with a blowing machine for easy, even distribution. 

Conveniently, most blown-in options can be applied over existing insulation and fill between existing wall studs and ceiling joists for increased insulation. 

Radiant Foil

Because it’s designed primarily to reflect heat away from your home, radiant foil insulation is more common in warmer climates. It works through its reflective foil barrier, which is attached to kraft paper or polyethylene bubbles. The bubbles help prevent the transfer of heat through the barrier because they provide a pocket of air, which reduces the rate at which heat can move through the substance.

While standard insulation reduces the flow of heat, radiant foil reflects it. Because of this difference, radiant foil cannot be measured using the same factors attributed to blanket, spray, or foam board insulation. Radiant foil usually is the most affordable type of insulation.

Foam Boards

Low in cost and easy to install, foam board insulation is generally made of polyurethane, polystyrene, or polyisocyanurate. Sheets of foam board can be cut to fit tightly between wall studs or attic ceiling joists. Because they are not as effective at insulating, foam boards are not as popular as blanket insulation.

However, foam boards don’t cause moisture accumulation and mold growth as can blanket insulation, because the solid foam doesn’t absorb much moisture. Instead, it dries in a relatively quick time frame. 

What to Consider When Choosing the Best Attic Insulation

Finding the proper insulation for your home isn’t difficult once you’ve determined which type of insulation to purchase. If you’re wondering what is insulation made of or how to find the correct R-value for your geographic location, here’s what you need to know.

R-Value 

Attic insulation ranges in effectiveness, so manufacturers and industry professionals typically reference insulation’s R-value to help people find the best attic insulation for their homes. R-value is a measurement of the insulation’s resistance to the flow of heat. The higher the R-value rating of a product, the more effective it is at reducing energy costs.

R-values for insulation are usually listed in the product description or on the product packaging. However, radiant foil insulation isn’t measured by R-value because it’s designed to reflect heat instead of reducing the transmission of heat. The optimal R-value for the insulation in your home also depends on your geographic location. Review this Energy Star R-value chart to learn the estimated R-value for your area.

Material

Insulation for attic spaces can be constructed from a wide range of materials, including cellulose, fiberglass, mineral wool, liquid polyurethane, and polystyrene.

• Cellulose insulation was used regularly in buildings for most of the last 100 years. This insulation material consists of cellulosic fibers like newspaper, cardboard, cotton, straw, hemp, and sawdust. At just 3.8 per inch of cellulose insulation, the R-value is relatively low.
• Fiberglass insulation is made from tightly woven fibers that are light, malleable, and relatively simple to cut and install. This material is regularly used in blanket insulation and has an R-value of 2.7 per inch.
• Mineral wool has an R-value of 3.3 per inch. It’s a stone-based mineral fiber insulation material that contains basalt rock and recycled steel slag.
• Liquid polyurethane is the main ingredient in spray foam insulation. The R-value of this type of insulation ranges from 3.5 per inch to 6.5 per inch, depending on whether you’re using open-cell (3.5) or closed-cell (6.5) spray foam.
• Polystyrene is used to create foam board insulation with a variable R-value of 3.8 per inch to 5 per inch, depending on whether it’s expanded polystyrene (styrofoam) or extruded polystyrene, which can be identified by the blue or pink color.
• Cotton is a very reliable insulation material for your attic and it is commonly made with recycled materials and is very easy to cut and install. This material is also safer than fiberglass during installation and use as there are fewer fibers floating around. 

Tips for Installing Attic Insulation

Keep in mind that insulation cannot be installed just anywhere in your home. For instance, if blanket insulation is placed over air intake vents, the harmful particles can circulate through your home. Additionally, placing insulation near exposed electrical connections or over the top of heat vents could cause a fire. 

Based on the type and style of the home, also consider how and where to place the insulation. Older homes and homes with wooden shingles may be built with a design that allows the natural evaporation of excess moisture. Insulation installed in these areas acts as a sponge, soaking up the moisture instead of allowing it to dissipate. As moisture builds up, mold can grow and eventually rot out the wood. 

With blanket insulation, cut spaces in the insulation to allow it to fit around obstructions like drainage pipes, large water pipes, attic fans, and HVAC ducts. When blanket insulation becomes compressed, it’s less effective at insulating your home, such as when you forcibly install a piece of insulation around a pipe instead of cutting a gap to allow it to fit comfortably.

• Don’t install insulation over air vents, near electrical circuits, or in any other areas where it poses a risk.
• Carefully inspect older homes before installing insulation to ensure it won’t cause moisture accumulation that can lead to mold and rot.
• Blanket insulation is not as effective if it’s compacted during installation, so cut spaces for large drainage pipes and other obstacles instead of forcing the insulation to fit around them.
• Don’t install insulation in attics with moisture problems without first rectifying the issue. If you’re unsure if there’s moisture in the walls, use a moisture meter for detection, or call in a pro.

While laying insulation in attic spaces can be DIY-friendly, some situations require a professional insulation contractor. “If you’re a DIYer, you might be able to install your own insulation. However, there are a few situations where you should work with a pro,” advises Casolaro. “If you choose spray foam insulation, it’s tricky to install correctly without experience. Also, if your home is older, there’s a greater risk of exposed wires, moisture, and improper ventilation. A professional is more likely to recognize these issues.”

FAQs 

Before investing in new attic insulation, take a look at these frequently asked questions regarding how to insulate an attic.

Why Trust Bob Vila

Bob Vila has been America’s Handyman since 1979. As the host of beloved and groundbreaking TV series including “This Old House” and “Bob Vila’s Home Again,” he popularized and became synonymous with “do-it-yourself” home improvement.

Over the course of his decades-long career, Bob Vila has helped millions of people build, renovate, repair, and live better each day—a tradition that continues today with expert yet accessible home advice. The Bob Vila team distills need-to-know information into project tutorials, maintenance guides, tool 101s, and more. These home and garden experts then thoroughly research, vet, and recommend products that support homeowners, renters, DIYers, and professionals in their to-do lists.

The post Our Favorite Attic Insulation is Surprisingly DIY-Friendly appeared first on Bob Vila.

Q: We plan to finish the basement in my house, and there are going to be a couple of sump pumps, so we no longer need the old drain in the middle of the floor. What’s the best way to level a concrete floor?

A: There is no one way to level a concrete floor. Of all the methods available to do-it-yourselfers, which should you employ? That depends on how level you want to make the concrete. And that question, in turn, hinges on a related but different question: What type of flooring do you plan to install in your basement once the floor is level?

Leveling a concrete floor for carpeting

If you envision carpeting or another type of floor that forgives minor variations in subfloor grade, such as engineered wood or click-and-lock vinyl, then you can probably opt for the least labor-intensive method for leveling a floor.

Here, a concrete grinder would do the bulk of the work. (You can rent a concrete grinder from your local home improvement center.) You’d use it to grind down the most prominent ridges in the floor.

To finish the job, you would then mix a batch of concrete and use it to fill in any dips or depressions.

Tried-and-True Advice

“While floor leveler is an easy way to level floors, especially if you’re planning to lay ceramic tile, it can be a challenge to keep it out of places you don’t want it to go, especially if you’re working in a bathroom where there are plumbing fixtures coming through the floor.

To keep leveler from flowing into toilet holes and floor vents, create a cardboard barrier around these holes by cutting pieces out of an old cardboard box. Shape the cardboard around the toilet flange and any floor vents and caulk or tape them into position. When you pour the floor leveler, it will flow around them instead of going down the holes.”

—Tony Carrick, Contributing Writer

Leveling a concrete floor for tile

If you want to install vinyl tile or ceramic tile, things get a bit trickier. For a successful installation, the concrete floor beneath the tile needs to be more or less perfectly level and smooth. That’s true for compact tiles and even more critical for larger ones, including the popular 1-by-2-foot size.

With small tiles, the maximum differential between the lowest and highest point on the floor is 1/4 inch per 10 feet; with larger tiles, the acceptable differential is a mere 1/8 inch per 10 feet.

To achieve such flatness, use a self-leveling compound, such as Rapid Set Concrete Leveler Self-Leveling Underlayment. These products come in powdered form and are mixed with water and a fortifying agent. You end up with a thin liquid that when poured from a bucket flows across the existing uneven concrete. Gravity will bring the liquid to a level, but you can help the process along with a broom or trowel.

Mixing and applying self-leveling compound

Closely follow the manufacturer’s instructions, because every product differs slightly. Generally speaking, no matter which compound you choose, you’ll need to take prepare the basement beforehand:

• It’s important to remove any flaking paint or loose adhesive from the floor to ensure that the compound will grip to the concrete.
• So you don’t need an excessive quantity of compound, it’s a good idea to grind down any spots on the floor that are especially high.
• Floor drains must be capped and sealed around the seams.

Pro tip: Wear cleats or rubber boots in case you need to walk across the compound while it’s still wet.

Once the self-leveling compound has set, you can install your chosen flooring. Another option is to eschew a finished floor, and opt instead to stain, paint, or polish the compound that now forms the top layer of your concrete basement floor slab.

The post How to Level a Concrete Floor appeared first on Bob Vila.

Steam cleaners use pressurized steam from heated water to clean both soft and hard surfaces. This method requires zero cleaning solutions and chemicals, making it a preferred cleaning procedure for many health-conscious users, as well as those with sensitivities or allergies. Steam cleaning lifts away dirt and grime from upholstery and other materials while killing germs, bacteria, and pathogens, leaving behind freshened and deodorized surfaces.

To find the best upholstery steam cleaner, we tested a number of popular models that we found through extensive product research and used them to steam furniture, car interiors, throw pillows, and other household surfaces. We also put them through a stain test, evaluating how well each model removed six common household stains. Our top pick was the Kiato handheld steam cleaner thanks to its large amount of steam produced in such a lightweight unit.

In addition to cleaning upholstery, steam cleaners also function well for sanitizing sealed floors, windows, tile, and other indoor and outdoor applications. Read on to learn about the best upholstery steam cleaner for your home and how we tested each model.

1. BEST OVERALL: Kiato Handheld Steam Cleaner
2. BEST BANG FOR THE BUCK: Bissell Steam Shot Handheld Steam Cleaner & Sanitizer
3. BEST FOR CAR UPHOLSTERY: Wagner 925E SteamMachine Elite Portable Steamer
4. BEST FOR VERSATILITY: Bissell PowerFresh Pet Lift-Off 2-in-1 Steam Mop
5. BEST CANISTER MODEL: McCulloch MC1375 Canister Steam Cleaner
6. BEST HEAVY-DUTY: Dupray Neat Steam Cleaner
7. BEST FOR SPOT CLEANING: Steamfast SF-210 Everyday Steam Cleaner
8. BEST ACCESSORIES: Costway Heavy-Duty Steam Cleaner With Accessories

Product Comparison

Our Top Picks

The following products are some of the best on the market for steam-cleaning upholstered furniture. We tested each, evaluating them for their design, water-tank capacities, power options, accessories, and versatility. These steam cleaners can help keep upholstered furniture fresh and clean.

Best Overall

Kiato Handheld Steam Cleaner

See It

What We Like

• Emits large amounts of steam
• Lightweight and comfortable to use
• Push-down steam-release button automatically turns off
• Removed coffee and wine stains

What We Don’t Like

• Smaller water tank lasts only 8 minutes
• Holding the steam-release button is cumbersome for large jobs

Product Specs 

• Type: Handheld steam cleaner
• Tank capacity: 450 milliliters (250 milliliters maximum load)
• Dimensions: 7.48 inches high by 5.03 inches wide by 9.84 inches deep
• Weight: 4.66 lbs

The Kiato handheld steam cleaner is a 10-in-1 tool designed to tackle hard and soft surfaces, including furniture, car interiors, tile, windows, and carpet. It features a lightweight design and a push-button steam release. It also comes with a 10-piece accessory kit that includes a fabric steamer and a microfiber sleeve to go on top.

This model heats up to 221 degrees Fahrenheit in 2 minutes and 30 seconds. After filling the water tank and securing the lid, you can plug this steamer in and wait for the LED light to go off. The unit is then ready for use. Using the Kiato handheld steamer is as simple as pressing the button to release steam. It automatically turns off when you let go of the button. Although it has a 450-milliliter tank capacity, you will only want to add 250 milliliters at a time.

We were impressed by how much steam the Kiato steam cleaner emitted. We used it to steam a microfiber recliner, clean a mattress, and loosen mineral deposits inside a dishwasher. When we put it up against household stains, it performed well, removing the coffee, dirt, and wine stains. It removed about 70 percent of the tomato sauce and some of the chocolate. Like the rest of the models, it didn’t work on oil.

The Kiato handheld steam cleaner was among the easiest to use, and its small size makes storage simple. It never felt uncomfortable, even when we used it for 15 minutes straight. Since it emits so much steam, it’s ideal for blasting stuck-on debris off hard surfaces.

Get the Kiato upholstery steam cleaner at Amazon.

Best Bang for the Buck

Bissell Steam Shot Handheld Steam Cleaner & Sanitizer

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What We Like

• The fabric steamer attachment left furniture looking clean and refreshed
• 10 accessories add to the product’s suitability for many household chores
• Easy to empty after use, and its compact size makes it easy to store

What We Don’t Like

• Curved-front design; tips forward when holding it
• Wasn’t able to remove chocolate, tomato sauce, or dirt stains

Product Specs 

• Type: Handheld steam cleaner
• Tank capacity: 6.6 ounces
• Dimensions: 8.5 inches high by 5 inches wide by 9.5 inches deep
• Weight: 4 lbs

The Bissell Steam Shot steam cleaner is an affordable handheld steam cleaner with 10 multisurface tools. The easy-to-attach accessories make it possible to refresh fabric, brush away grime from hard surfaces, clean windows, and scrub dirty grout. It kills up to 99.9 percent of bacteria and germs on hard surfaces.

The Bissell Steam Shot has only one steam setting, which makes it easy to use. Fill the tank with water, secure the lid, and plug it in. The heater warms in 30 seconds, and when the LED light turns off, the steamer is ready to use. It features a steam-release button that powers off when disengaged.

During testing, the Bissell Steam Shot worked well. It emitted enough steam to leave fabric looking refreshed and loosened dirt on hard surfaces for easy cleaning. The one thing we didn’t like was the curved-front design, which caused this model to lean forward slightly when holding it. It felt less stable than models without a curved design.

The Bissell Steam Shot removed wine and coffee stains during our testing. It only removed about 50 percent of the dirt, chocolate, and tomato sauce stains. While it works great for refreshing fabric and cleaning hard surfaces, it’s not our top pick for stain removal.

Get the Bissell Steam Shot upholstery steam cleaner at Amazon.

Best for Car Upholstery

Wagner 925E SteamMachine Elite Portable Steamer

See It

What We Like

• Performed the best in our stain test, removing dirt, coffee, wine, chocolate, and tomato sauce
• Long hose, wheeled design, and 20 attachments for easy and versatile use
• Canister features a built-in compartment for attachment storage, preventing items from getting lost
• Can use the trigger for steam release, or set it for continuous steam

What We Don’t Like

• Large tank capacity means a longer wait time for steam, taking up to 9 minutes
• We experienced some water spitting while steaming, causing excess moisture on the fabric

Product Specs 

• Type: Canister steam cleaner
• Tank capacity: 40 ounces
• Dimensions: 23 inches high by 19.5 inches wide by 23 inches deep
• Weight: 8.31 lbs

The Wagner SteamMachine Elite steam cleaner features a canister design and 20 attachments. Its large 40-ounce water tank provides up to 40 minutes of continuous steam. This powerful steamer can tackle almost any job, from vehicle carpet and upholstery to dirty barbecue grills.

The 8-foot steam hose and wheeled design make this model easy to maneuver. The canister design also features attachment storage, which helps keep accessories from getting lost.

Getting started is as simple as installing an attachment, filling the water tank, securing the lid, and turning the machine on. After about 9 minutes, it produces large amounts of steam that you can control via a trigger. The trigger has two settings: press release or continuous steam.

The Wagner SteamMachine Elite was one of our favorite models due to its ease of use and efficacy. It performed the best in our stain test, breaking down the wine, coffee, and dirt. It also removed about 90 percent of the tomato sauce and chocolate stains.

This model contains a fabric steamer with a bonnet and a carpet glider. We used both to refresh the fabric interior of a truck. We also tested it on hard surfaces, including a toilet. The steam blasted stuck-on dirt from hard-to-reach nooks and crannies.

Get the Wagner upholstery steam cleaner at Amazon or The Home Depot.

Best for Versatility

Bissell PowerFresh Pet Lift-Off 2-in-1 Steam Mop

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What We Like

• Multipurpose cleaning tool; comes with 13 accessories and works on a variety of surfaces
• Kills 99.9 percent of germs and bacteria; great for homes with kids and pets
• Easy to switch from mopping to the handheld attachments for easy whole-house cleaning

What We Don’t Like

• Somewhat small tank capacity; needs refilling during larger cleaning jobs
• Handheld steamer spat water and didn’t remove stains as well as other models

Product Specs 

• Type: Handheld steamer and floor mop
• Tank capacity: 13.5 ounces
• Dimensions: 44.7 inches high by 11.14 inches wide by 13.2 inches deep
• Weight: 10.6 pounds

This steam-cleaning unit from Bissell is designed with versatility in mind. In its fully assembled form, it functions as a heavy-duty floor mop. Alternatively, you can detach the canister and deploy it along with the extension hose and attachments to steam-clean upholstery, pet beds, bathroom and kitchen fixtures, and a variety of other surfaces.

An included tool bag holds a set of 13 accessories for a broad array of cleaning applications. The included fabric-steamer attachment works especially well with the handheld portion of this steam cleaner for cleansing, deodorizing, and sanitizing upholstery.

Water in the 13.5-ounce tank heats up quickly, producing steam that kills up to 99.9 percent of germs and bacteria. The 25-foot-long power cord facilitates steam cleaning of even the most hard-to-reach places.

For testing, we started by using this steam cleaner as a mop, and it worked well, leaving our floors clean and streak-free. Next, we tested the handheld canister on our stain board using the fabric steamer attachment and dabbing the stain with a microfiber cloth. It tackled the dirt, wine, and coffee stains but wasn’t a match for the chocolate or tomato sauce. The handheld steamer spat water more than other models, preventing the steam from being as powerful or continuous.

Even though this steam mop didn’t perform as well in our stain-removal tests, it did a good job overall. It’s an ideal choice for those who want a versatile steam mop with a lift-off canister. However, folks who want just an upholstery steamer might fare better with a different option.

Get the Bissell PowerFresh upholstery steam cleaner at Amazon, Target, Bissell, or Walmart.

Best Canister Model

McCulloch MC1375 Canister Steam Cleaner

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What We Like

• Delivers up to 90 minutes of power, which is enough for most upholstery cleaning
• Variable steam-flow system with an easy-to-control knob; up to 58-psi steam pressure
• 20 accessories work on a variety of surfaces; great for tough stains or general cleaning
• Users can control steam via the trigger or lock it in place for continuous steam

What We Don’t Like

• Water takes time to heat up; can become frustrating when refilling during long cleaning jobs
• Using the steamer at its highest power results in a lot of moisture on upholstery

Product Specs 

• Type: Canister steam cleaner
• Tank capacity: 48 ounces
• Dimensions: 10.5 inches high by 12.13 inches wide by 15.55 inches deep
• Weight: 10.78 pounds

Thanks to its canister design, this steamer houses a large-capacity water tank that delivers up to 90 minutes of continuous steam-cleaning power. The tank holds 48 ounces of regular tap water, and it heats to more than 200 degrees Fahrenheit in under 12 minutes.

The on-demand variable steam-flow system allows users to dial in an exact steam flow from low pressure up to 58 pounds per square inch (psi). Accessing hard-to-reach spaces is easy thanks to an 18-foot power cord and a 7-foot steam hose.

With 20 included accessories, this unit can take on a multitude of house-cleaning tasks. In addition to refreshing upholstery, this steamer works on ceramic tile, sealed flooring, grout, and more.

The McCulloch blasted through dirt, coffee, and red wine stains during testing. It also did the best on oil, eliminating about 50 percent of the stain. Since this model doesn’t come with a dedicated fabric steamer attachment, we used the jet nozzle to steam the soiled areas and then dabbed them with a microfiber cloth. Doing so was effective, lifting dirt and leaving the fabric looking refreshed.

The McCulloch came with a bag for its attachments, which helped us keep everything together. Since the canister is on wheels, it was also easy for us to maneuver. We used the jet nozzle to spray around a sink faucet, and it loosened stuck-on dirt and some of the mineral deposits. This model came with many more attachments, including a mophead. It emitted a large amount of steam, making it ideal for household and heavy-duty jobs.

Get the McCulloch upholstery steam cleaner at Amazon or Walmart.

Best Heavy-Duty

Dupray Neat Steam Cleaner

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What We Like

• Compact and modern design stores easily in a small space
• Delivers an impressive 50 minutes of continuous steam for tackling large jobs
• Performed well in our stain test, removing dirt, wine, and coffee from microsuede
• Mop glides smoothly for easy and streak-free floor cleaning

What We Don’t Like

• Some water spits out before the steam, which can saturate upholstery

Product Specs 

• Type: Canister steam cleaner
• Tank capacity: 54 ounces
• Dimensions: 9.5 inches high by 10.5 inches wide by 10.5 inches long
• Weight: 9 pounds

When it comes to taking on big cleaning jobs, this large-capacity steam cleaner should do the trick. Thanks to the portable cube-shaped unit that combines an impressive 54-ounce water tank, 16-foot-long power cord, and 6.5-foot-long steam hose, the Dupray steamer is capable of delivering 50 minutes of continuous steam with ample maneuverability to reach furniture and surfaces throughout the home. The wheels on this steam cleaner allow for smooth rolling from room to room, and a retractable handle makes carrying this 9-pound unit a breeze.

Water in the tank heats to 275 degrees Fahrenheit, producing steam that kills 99.9 percent of bacteria, viruses, and pathogens in upholstery, bedding, and other household surfaces.

When we unboxed the Dupray Neat steam cleaner, we were immediately impressed by the quality. The attachments felt well constructed and the fabric steamer’s microfiber bonnet was much thicker than those from other models. We also liked the unique modern aesthetic and the cord storage on the bottom of the cube.

When we put this model to the test, it blasted through dirt, coffee, and wine stains on our microsuede fabric. It did OK on the tomato sauce and chocolate stains, eliminating about 50 percent of the soiled area. We also tested the mop attachment, which glided smoothly across our hardwood floors, picking up dirt and leaving the floors streak-free.

Get the Dupray upholstery steam cleaner at Amazon, The Home Depot, or Walmart.

Best for Spot Cleaning

Steamfast SF-210 Everyday Steam Cleaner

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What We Like

• Compact, lightweight unit is comfortable to use and ideal for cleaning tight spaces
• Includes 6 attachments that are easy to connect and can tackle most cleaning jobs
• Budget-friendly price point compared to similar options; a good beginner option

What We Don’t Like

• Runs for only 8 minutes; not suitable for extended use
• Was the only steamer unable to remove a dirt stain from our microsuede test fabric

Product Specs 

• Type: Handheld steam cleaner
• Tank capacity: 6 ounces
• Dimensions: 8.25 inches high by 5.5 inches wide by 10.5 inches deep
• Weight: 2.6 pounds

When those everyday oops moments occur, this convenient steam cleaner makes short work of sanitizing household surfaces, including upholstery. The 6-ounce water tank heats up in just 3 minutes, producing 8 minutes of pressurized steam for removing dirt and grime.

Despite its small size—it weighs just 2.6 pounds—this handheld cleaner is surprisingly versatile. Use one of the six included attachments for cleaning upholstered furniture as well as a wide array of hard surfaces in kitchens and bathrooms. A 12.5-foot-long power cord allows for easy maneuverability, while the 28-inch extension hose offers even greater capacity for reaching out-of-the-way surfaces and overlooked crevices.

While it performed the worst in our stain removal tests, this model is still handy for quick fabric refreshes and sanitizing hard surfaces. The Steamfast steam cleaner was able to remove wine, coffee, and tomato sauce from our test fabric but failed to remove dirt, chocolate, or oil.

This steamer is easy to use. It has only one setting, so after filling it with water, all we had to do was plug it in and wait for it to warm up. In addition to steaming upholstery, we used it to steam inside an oven, and it successfully loosened up most of the stuck-on food. The small size makes it easy to store—great for those short on space.

Get the Steamfast upholstery steam cleaner at Amazon, The Home Depot, or Walmart.

Best Accessories

Costway Heavy-Duty Steam Cleaner With Accessories

See It

What We Like

• Multipurpose tool that comes with 18 cleaning accessories to tackle most jobs
• Unit has 2 large wheels and a 79-inch hose, making it easy to maneuver
• Includes an organized cable-management system to wind around neatly when not in use

What We Don’t Like

• Lower steam pressure may struggle with more stubborn stains
• No indicator light to signal when the steam is ready for use

Product Specs 

• Type: Canister steam cleaner and floor mop
• Tank capacity: 51 ounces
• Dimensions: 14 inches high by 17 inches wide by 11 inches deep
• Weight: 10.8 pounds

This multipurpose steam cleaner includes 18 attachments for taking on a variety of cleaning tasks around the home. When it comes to cleaning upholstery, the steam jet nozzle and nylon brushes are especially helpful. Functional accessories such as a mophead, brass utility brushes, a scrubbing pad, and a squeegee facilitate cleaning and sanitizing not only upholstery, but also sealed floors, bathroom tile, kitchen appliances, and children’s toys.

The 16-foot power cord and 79-inch steam hose, as well as the wheels, a rolling caster, and ergonomically designed curved handle, offer ample maneuverability for reaching numerous surfaces in the home. In addition to removing dirt, grime, spills, and messes, this steam cleaner sanitizes household surfaces. Unseen and undesirable intruders such as germs, bacteria, viruses, mold spores, and bed bugs are no match for the 226 degree Fahrenheit pressurized steam.

The Costway steam cleaner holds 51 ounces of water in its tank, heating it to produce steam in under 10 minutes. It delivers 40 minutes of continuous steam-cleaning time.

Like the other canister models we tested, the Costway steam cleaner produced large amounts of steam and was better able to power through stains than handheld options. It eliminated dirt, coffee, and wine from our test fabric. While it didn’t completely eliminate tomato sauce or chocolate, it visibly reduced the stained areas.

This model comes with many useful accessories, including a mop and carpet glider. We used the carpet glider to refresh fabric seats and carpet in an old truck and tested the mop on tile floors. The attachments were easy to use, and the mop left the floor clean. We also tried out the trigger that locks in place for continuous steam.

Get the Costway upholstery steam cleaner at Amazon or The Home Depot.

Jump to Our Top Picks

How We Tested the Best Upholstery Steam Cleaners

We researched the best upholstery steam cleaners with high customer satisfaction in a variety of categories. After compiling our list, we tested each model. Our tests consisted of using each upholstery steam cleaner on furniture, mattresses, and car upholstery to evaluate the ease of use. We then put all models through a more extensive test, assessing how well they could remove six common stains: dirt, vegetable oil, tomato sauce, red wine, coffee, and chocolate sauce.

We assembled a test board consisting of foam, batting, and microsuede fabric attached to plywood. We added ⅛ teaspoon of each test substance to the board and allowed it to dry for an hour. We then used each steam cleaner to remove the stains. If the steam cleaner came with an upholstery steamer and microfiber bonnet, we used it for stain removal. For models that didn’t come with an upholstery steamer bonnet, we relied on the jet nozzle to steam the stain and then dabbed it with a microfiber cloth. These methods were equally effective.

No steam cleaner was able to remove the oil stain, but all had varying degrees of success with the other substances. The biggest factor in stain removal was the amount of steam the machine emitted.

We also evaluated any extra attachments, how easy it was to empty and store each model, and how effective the steamers were for other household surfaces. We assigned and tracked number values for easy comparison.

What to Consider When Choosing an Upholstery Steam Cleaner

Before purchasing an upholstery steam cleaner, it’s essential to consider what your needs are. Manufacturers offer a wide array of types, sizes, water-tank capacities, attachments, and accessories, each with their own benefits and optimal uses. Ahead, learn about the features that may influence your selection process as you search for the best upholstery steam cleaner to suit your purposes.

Type

Steam cleaners that work well for upholstery materials are versatile and capable of taking on many other cleaning tasks around the house. Depending on the type, steam cleaners tackle dirt, grime, and messes on both soft and hard surfaces, indoors and outdoors. Here’s an overview of the types of steam cleaners available on the market, along with information about how they function for cleaning upholstery.

• Handheld steam cleaners make upholstery cleaning easy as you simply hold the steamer units adjacent to the upholstered furniture and move them along the surface.
• Vacuum-type steam cleaners facilitate the cleaning of floors and carpets, but many of them feature reconfiguration capability, breaking down into handheld units that work well for upholstery. Users move the handheld units along the surface of upholstery fabric for cleaning.
• Vapor steam cleaners utilize steam from water heated to at least 240 to 260 degrees Fahrenheit, resulting in a low-moisture vapor that leaves minimal residual dampness. Vapor steam cleaners utilize higher temperatures than many other steam cleaners do.
• Cylinder steam cleaners (also known as canister steam cleaners) feature steam hoses attached to the rolling cylinders or canisters that hold large-capacity water tanks for extended steam-cleaning time. Attachments for the steam hoses facilitate upholstery cleaning as you move them along the surface.
• Garment steam cleaners feature handheld nozzles on the ends of steam hoses that attach to water tanks. The steam loosens and lifts dirt, deodorizes, and freshens upholstery fabrics on furniture as well as clothing.

Size and Weight

Consider how you plan on using your steam cleaner to determine the ideal size and weight. Larger and heavier models offer the capacity for heavy-duty cleaning and extensive cleaning sessions, while small and lightweight units offer the advantages of portability and convenience for quick cleanups.

For example, canister models are considerably larger and weigh more than handheld steam cleaners, but they offer the advantage of large-capacity water tanks that deliver continuous steam for anywhere between 30 and 90 minutes. On the other hand, a small handheld steamer weighs much less than a canister or vacuum type, but it holds less water and produces steam for only a few minutes before it requires refilling.

Corded vs. Cordless

Steam cleaners operate on corded electrical power from standard household outlets. After the electrical power source heats the water in the cleaner’s water tank to above 212 degrees Fahrenheit, creating steam, the pressurized steam is forced through a hose or a nozzle, delivering powerful cleaning action to household surfaces.

Some steam cleaners include extra-long power cords for enhanced maneuverability, allowing you to access hard-to-reach places throughout the home for cleaning and sanitizing. Since steam cleaners draw a large amount of electricity, there are currently no cordless options.

Power and Runtime

Battery runtime is associated with the volume of water held in the steam cleaners’ tanks. Larger water tanks in canister models may produce steam for up to 90 minutes of continuous cleaning. Alternatively, the small water tanks in lightweight, handheld steam cleaners produce enough steam for approximately 8 to 10 minutes of runtime. Of course, the tanks may be refilled as often as necessary for continuous cleaning.

Heating time is another feature to consider. Related to the volume capacity of the water tanks and the power of the heating elements, heating times vary from approximately 30 seconds to 12 minutes. A faster heating time means that the water converts to steam more quickly, allowing you to jump right into the task at hand.

Steam Settings

In the process of selecting the best steam cleaner for upholstery, shoppers may also want to consider their needs for a steamer that is capable of accomplishing other cleaning tasks. Many steam cleaners offer versatility via low-, medium-, and high-steam pressure settings. Users can adjust the settings to facilitate cleaning various surfaces and accomplishing either light freshening jobs or the tough removal of stuck-on dirt, grime, and stains.

Cleaning upholstery requires low to medium steam pressure, depending on the type of fabric and the degree of soil. Delicate upholstery fabric should be steam-cleaned on the lowest steam setting. Thicker, more durable fabric can tolerate a medium steam setting, especially if tough stains and stuck-on messes present cleaning challenges. Manufacturers of some steam cleaners recommend their use on leather upholstery, but you’ll want to check manufacturers’ information before using steam cleaners on leather furniture.

Alternatively, you can adjust the steam pressure settings to medium or high for cleaning hard surfaces. High-pressure steam works well on tile, grout, granite, stainless steel, and sealed flooring. Keep in mind that using a high-pressure setting will cause the steam to run out more quickly, resulting in the need to refill the water tank.

Tank Capacity

Every steam cleaner contains a water tank with a heating element that heats the water above 212 degrees Fahrenheit to produce steam. Handheld units include tanks that generally hold about 6 to 8 ounces of water for steam production. These are lightweight and easy to handle, but they produce steam for only about 8 to 10 minutes before the small water tanks run dry. Handheld steam cleaners are ideal for quick touch-ups and brief everyday cleaning chores.

On the other hand, users sometimes need to tackle cleaning jobs that require extended steam- producing runtimes. For these tasks, larger steam cleaners with increased water-tank capacities fill the bill.

Canister or cylinder steam cleaners feature larger water tanks that usually hold about 40 to 54 ounces of water. Heating the larger volumes of water to build up steam, these types of steam cleaners can deliver up to 90 minutes of continuous steam for extended cleaning sessions.

Maneuverability

When steam-cleaning upholstery, you’ll want to maneuver the steam-releasing units over and under the curved surfaces of furniture and into cracks and crevices. For this reason, steam cleaners with long power cords as well as extension hoses with easy-to-hold nozzles make the job easier. Maneuverability is a particularly valuable feature for reaching into a vehicle to clean car interiors, which are susceptible to accumulating dirt and debris.

Some steam cleaners offer power cords up to 18 feet long and steam hoses up to 8 feet long. With these features, you can direct the steam to hard-to-reach places for accurate targeting of dirt and grime.

A canister or a cylinder steam cleaner with a long extension hose allows you to reach into nooks and crannies. Alternatively, a lightweight handheld steamer with a long power cord provides up-close and targeted cleaning power.

Attachments

Many steam cleaners include attachments to facilitate cleaning a variety of objects and materials. Some common attachments include steam hoses, straight nozzles, angled nozzles, metal brushes, nylon brushes, window squeegees, mop pads, and scrapers.

For steam-cleaning upholstery, nylon brushes, steam hoses, and angled nozzles work particularly well, allowing you to maneuver the steam over, under, and around curved surfaces.

Shoppers looking for steam cleaners that can accomplish a range of cleaning jobs beyond sanitizing upholstery will want to take note of what attachments, if any, are included with each available steam cleaner.

FAQs

Q. What surfaces can a steam cleaner be used on?

Steam cleaners can be used on both hard and soft household surfaces, including upholstery, clothing, sealed flooring, ceramic tile, grout, stainless steel, and more.

Q. Do upholstery steam cleaners utilize chemicals?

No. The primary reason for using steam cleaners is that the cleaning action comes from pressurized steam created by heated water, which contains zero cleaning solutions or chemicals.

Q. Should hot or cold water be put in a steam cleaner?

Pour cold water into the tank of the steam cleaner. The heating element will heat the water to produce steam.

Q. Does steam-cleaning kill bugs?

Yes. Steam cleaning kills bed bugs on the surface of mattresses and bedding as well as those embedded ¾ inch deep into the fabric surfaces.

Q. How long should upholstery be steam-cleaned?

Hold the steamer nozzle on the upholstered surface to release the steam, but keep it moving. Don’t hold the nozzle in one place so long that the upholstery becomes damp.

Meet the Tester

Katie Barton has more than 10 years of experience in product writing, has tested dozens of cleaning products, and has authored hundreds of articles for major media outlets. Her cleaning and organizing advice has been featured on a variety of popular home and finance websites. She takes an unbiased approach to product testing, using each product multiple times or for several days to determine efficacy. Her goal is to help readers decide which products are worth their hard-earned money and which fall flat.

Additional research provided by Carol Benton.

The post We Tested the Best Upholstery Steam Cleaners for Chemical-Free Sanitizing appeared first on Bob Vila.

Locks are the best method for securing a door. But if a lock fails, the door doesn’t have a lock, or you don’t trust the lock situation in an apartment or hotel, you can take steps to ensure that the door and the home are secured. Even if the exterior door has a lock, extra security can help fortify a sliding door to the yard, and locking your bedroom door can keep your college roommate from wandering in.

While the best fix is often to install, rekey, repair, or replace a lock, we also know of some clever DIY hacks for how to lock a door without a lock. The following are quick, temporary solutions that can help you get a good night’s sleep without worrying about your safety.

1. Use a Doorstop

Doorstops are typically used to prevent doors from closing. But when you place a doorstop against an inward opening door, it physically prevents someone from opening it, even if they can turn the door knob. It’s a simple, effective method to help secure a home when the door lock or latch is broken. For extra security, look for a doorstop with an alarm such as a siren or barking dog sound. A nonslip bottom is essential to help resist pressure, especially for travel-size doorstops.

A doorstop will not work on outward-opening doors, however. And with enough force, an intruder could manage to bypass a doorstop. Consider securing an outward-opening door with an additional method on this list for increased security.

2. Make a Barricade Using the Back of a Chair

Installing a quality door lock is important, but if you need to barricade a door using items you have around the house, look no further than your dining room: Sturdy chairs can be a good choice for keeping a door closed because you can angle them so that the top of the chair wedges under the door handle while the chair’s feet stay firmly planted against the ground. This creates pressure between the door and the floor along the back and legs of the chair, preventing the door from opening. 

The back of the chair also can block lever-style door handles from opening downward. If the door handle also can open the door with an upward turn, then this method isn’t as useful. In this case, tie a belt or rope to the lever handle from the chair as outlined next to prevent it from opening downward or upward.

3. Tie a Belt or Rope

Lever-style door handles tend to be easier to lock than door knobs because a belt or rope can help restrain the physical movement of the handle. Just attach one end of the belt or rope to the handle and the other to a fixed object. Consider using two tethers to completely prevent movement when the handle can open both upward and downward.

A belt or piece of rope also is a good option for securing an outward-opening door because the tether can be attached to a heavy indoor object like a refrigerator or couch. For French doors, wrap both handles with the tether, blocking them from opening.

4. Insert a Portable Door Lock

These helpful devices are great for renters and travelers who cannot install more permanent solutions. As the name suggests, an Addalock portable door lock is designed so you can use and remove it as necessary. Most consist of a metal piece, sometimes referred to as a claw, that fits over the bolt or latch on the existing door knob, and a lock that fits into the claw to prevent the door from opening. These locks are less effective on outward-opening doors.

5. Install a Security Bar

For better protection against significant force, like intruders attempting to kick a door in or break it down with their shoulder, security bars can help. Security bars or barricades consist of a pair of heavy-duty brackets that DIYers can fasten to the wall or door frame, depending on the product. A thick metal or wood bar then sits in the brackets, blocking the entire width of the door. 

You can lift this security bar up and out of the brackets when you need to use the door, and can quickly place it back in the brackets afterward with very little effort. Security bars are not effective at securing outward-opening doors.

6. Stick a Fork in It

In a pinch, you can grab a simple fork to temporarily lock a door that opens inwardly. To secure the door, bend the tines of the fork so that the tips of the tines fit into the door latch and the rest of the fork can comfortably remain in the gap between the door and the door frame when the door is closed. Open the door and remove the fork, then break off the handle of the fork. 

Place the head of the fork back into the door latch as before, making sure that the bent tines are securely hooked to the door latch, then close the door. With the door closed, slide the handle of the fork through the tines, creating a horizontal barrier that prevents the door from opening inward.

7. Prop Up a Door Jammer

A door jammer is a simple alternative to DIY solutions for locking a door without a lock, and an especially good solution for securing apartment doors. These tools typically consist of a height-adjustable security bar with a rounded end designed to fit snugly under a door knob or door handle. The other end has a padded foot that is made to sit flat on the floor and resist sliding, creating a system that puts pressure on the floor if someone attempts to open the door inwards. For recommendations on the solution for your situation, refer to our tested guide to the best door security bars.

8. Install a Floor Barricade

Floor barricades are made up of two pieces: a base and a brace that can fit into or be removed from the base. Install a floor barricade by inserting screws through the base and into the floor. Make sure when opening the door that it will clear the top of the base before installing, so you can use the door when the brace is removed. When you want to secure the door, just insert the brace and it will prevent the door from opening inward. Using a floor barricade is a good choice to help prevent a break-in for people who can install it in their homes, but it isn’t an option for renters and travelers.

9. Remove the Door Handle

While this isn’t the best option to keep the door secure, removing the door knob or handle entirely presents a challenge for anyone trying to gain access to the home (or an interior room). Without a handle, an intruder can’t open the door in the traditional sense, though anyone interested in using this method should keep in mind that with enough effort and one or more makeshift tools, a savvy person can turn the door mechanism even without a handle. It might be best to pair this option with another temporary door lock, such as a doorstop, or even a barricade.

10. Mount a Strike Plate Lock

A strike plate lock is a small device that a DIYer can mount to the door frame. It works similarly to a standard door chain except that the strike plate lock has a metal loop that slips over the door handle to prevent the door from opening. This method is more secure than relying on a set of screws on the back of a door to keep the door secured against break-ins. Also, users can install a strike plate lock using the existing strike plate screw holes to prevent further damage to the door frame. Or place it high and out of kids’ reach to secure a wandering toddler.

11. Install Security Film and a Glass-Break Sensor

Not all doors are made with solid wood or metal, so it’s important to consider how to prevent someone from simply shattering the glass to access the door knob or lock. One of the best ways to increase the security of your front door with an adjoining glass panel or a glass door is to apply a security film to the door. The film will reinforce the glass and hold the shards together if shattered. 

However, with enough time and effort, a potential intruder might still be able to break through the film, so pair this setup with a glass-break sensor that will detect when the glass is broken and then sound an alarm. This sudden alarm paired with the unexpected protection of security film will typically dissuade would-be thieves and trespassers. 

12. Block a Sliding Door with a Broom Handle or Bar

Sliding doors are often installed at the back or side of the home, where they open into the yard. Even if you use security film and a glass-break sensor, these measures are only effective if the door has a functional lock. If the lock on your sliding door is not working or might not be robust enough to stop determined assailants, then you should wedge a security bar into the door frame or track. 

Alternatively, you can place a sturdy household object like a broom handle or a long wooden dowel to block the sliding door and prevent it from opening, thereby securing the back door even without a reliable lock.

The post 12 Smart Ways to Lock a Door Without a Lock appeared first on Bob Vila.

There’s a simple reason why builders relied on steam radiators for decades and decades—they work! But every technology has drawbacks, and with steam radiators, homeowner complaints often center around noise. At times, with all that clanking and banging, you might wonder why the radiators didn’t come with earplugs. What causes that cacophony, and how can you usher in quiet? If you want to repair a radiator that’s making a lot of noise your home, here are a few things to know.

Why is the radiator making noise?

In a typical steam heat system, a single pipe extends from the boiler to the radiators. At the point where the pipe connects to a radiator, you’ll find an intake valve. This component performs two functions. First, it feeds steam into the radiator. Second, once the steam cools and condenses into water, the intake valve allows the liquid to drain out of the radiator and return to the boiler. At least, that’s how things are supposed to work. But water often gets trapped in the radiator, and when that happens, steam is blocked from entering. As the trapper water and blocked steam play a game of tug-of-war, they produce the delightful symphony that keeps you up at night. So aside from being an awful racket, a noisy radiator means that your system isn’t operating as well as it should.

What to Do About a Noisy Radiator

Tilt it toward the intake valve.

A properly functioning steam radiator does not sit perfectly level on the floor. Rather, it tilts slightly toward the intake valve. That positioning allows condensed water to flow out of the radiator, not by means of a pump, but through the force of gravity. Therefore, if your radiator starts getting noisy, the first thing to check is check whether the radiator remains tilted toward the valve. Use a level, and if you see that the radiator sits level or is tilting away from the valve, intervene. Try slipping a wooden shim or paint stirrer under the legs on the end opposite to the valve. A tilt of only five degrees or so should do the trick.

Tried-and-True Advice

“Growing up in freezing-cold Scotland, I often dealt with noisy radiators that would clank and bang at all hours. One simple trick I found helpful was using a long-handled screwdriver to gently tap the top of the radiator. This can help release trapped air inside, which is often the cause of the noise. Just be sure to tap lightly—too much force could cause damage. It’s a quick fix that worked for me, and might help reduce the noise in your own radiator.”

—Paul Rankin, Contributing Writer

Insulate the radiator pipe.

If you’ve checked the radiator and found that it’s tilting correctly, a different common problem may be at play. Often, steam condenses in the pipe before it even reaches your radiator. If that’s the case, the fix is to insulate the pipe, wherever possible, along its run up from the boiler. Pipe insulation couldn’t be much easier to work with, but the portions of the pipe most in need of insulation may be hidden behind a wall.

Clean or replace the steam vent.

Another possible cause of radiator noise: the steam vent. Try this: Close the intake valve so that no steam can enter the radiator. Next, remove the steam vent from the radiator, placing it in a bowl of vinegar. Let it sit overnight. Doing so may help dissolve any calcium deposits that have gradually accumulated over time. If that doesn’t work, purchase a new steam vent to see whether the replacement fares any better. Readily available at most home centers, a new vent only costs about ten bucks, so it’s worth a shot if all else fails.

Finally, a friendly reminder regarding the use of steam radiators in general: The intake valve should be either fully open or fully closed. Leaving the valve partially open can result in leaks and damage to floors.

The post How to Fix a Noisy Radiator appeared first on Bob Vila.

A mattress is one of the most important—and often one of the priciest—purchases most people make for their bedrooms, and the right mattress is worth the investment, because quality shut-eye and better health starts with a good foundation. With a huge range of types and price points, though, choosing the right one often requires starting the search with options from the best mattress brands. 

What is the best mattress to buy? It’s a tough question to answer, as each person’s needs and preferences are different. Good mattresses are supportive, comfortable, and durable, to lull sleepers into a cozy yet cradled rest night after night. Some people need extra support, while others seek out mattresses that aren’t hot, or focus on natural materials. The mattress brands listed below carry a variety of mattress types at different price points to complete the bedroom and help sleepers achieve a restful night. Learning about these well-regarded brands should help shoppers choose the right mattress with the confidence that they support their products and have earned their reputation for quality materials and excellent customer support.

1. Saatva

Price Range: $$ to $$$

Top Products: Saatva Classic Mattress (from $1,399 at Saatva) and Saatva Latex Hybrid Mattress (from $1,699 at Saatva)

For hotel-quality comfort at home, consider a mattress from Saatva, which carries luxury mattresses made from premium materials like organic cotton, CertiPUR-US certified memory foam, and eco-friendly materials. Each Saatva mattress is handcrafted to order in the U.S. using consciously sourced materials. The various mattress styles are engineered for a pain-free sleep with a dedicated lumbar support zone to help with optimal alignment. 

To increase this luxurious feeling, most Saatva mattress styles also include a pillow-top design to add softness without sacrificing support. The company’s penchant for high-quality materials is evident across its range of mattress types, bedding, and bed frames, such as with the Saatva Classic Mattress, which is available in sizes from twin to split california king, firmness ranging from plush soft to firm, and two different height options, including 11.5 inches and 14.5 inches. The options give customers a wide variety of customizations to create the right base for comfortable slumber. 

Shop Saatva mattresses at::

• Saatva Mattresses
• Amazon

2. DreamCloud

Price Range: $$ to $$$

Top Products: DreamCloud Luxury Hybrid Mattress (from $449 at DreamCloud) and DreamCloud Premier (from $649 at DreamCloud)

DreamCloud offers premium hybrid mattresses at a reasonable price. The company’s three mattress styles blend a variety of mattress technologies, featuring three material layers to help the user sleep deeply. The supportive coil system offers a bit of bounce and enhanced edge support, layers of high-density gel memory foam provide a cool but cozy sleep, and then there’s the plush, cashmere-blend Euro top. These attributes combine the best of latex, memory foam, and coil mattresses into a hybrid that works well for many sleepers. 

The DreamCloud Premier Mattress features contouring quilted gel memory foam, supportive quilted foam, therapeutic gel-infused memory foam, individually-wrapped coils, and a base layer for stability. DreamCloud offers one of the longest trial periods in the industry: A 365-night trial gives the user a full year to decide if the mattress is the right fit. Free delivery and returns make trying one of their mattresses risk-free. And for those looking to outfit the entire bedroom with plush fixings, DreamCloud also carries bed bases, bedding, and pillows. 

Shop DreamCloud mattresses at

• DreamCloud 
• US Mattress

3. Casper

Price Range: $$ to $$$$

Top Products: Casper The One Mattress (from $599 at Casper) and Casper Sleep Element Mattress (from $335 at Amazon) 

Casper prides itself on providing supportive, cooling mattresses designed for a revitalizing sleep. The brand sells several mattress types, with affordable configurations made of breathable, perforated foam or pricier hybrid mattresses with supportive inner layers. The Casper Sleep Element Mattress is a top option with breathable open-cell foam layers that help to improve airflow through the mattress, keeping users cool and relaxed while sleeping.

What started with the Casper Original has expanded into four mattress styles, from the affordable, basic Element mattress to the extra-supportive Wave Hybrid. Each of Casper’s mattresses includes a supportive design and a perforated AirScape foam layer to help the user stay cool while sleeping. The reasonable price point is appealing to a range of consumers, and the 100-day trial period is also an excellent draw. 

Shop Casper mattresses at:

• Casper
• Amazon
• Wayfair

4. Nectar Sleep

Price Range: $$ to $$$

Top Products: Nectar Premier Memory Foam Mattress (from $549 at Nectar Sleep) and Nectar Classic Hybrid Mattress (from $499 at Nectar Sleep) 

Nectar Sleep offers premium mattresses at competitive prices. Founded in 2016, the company has offices in New York, San Francisco, London, and Tel Aviv. The company provides all-foam, multilayered mattresses that boast plush comfort, comfortable support, and surface cooling. The four mattress styles feature an adaptive, contoured memory-foam layer to relieve common pressure points behind the shoulders, hips, and legs.

A quality option for just about any bedroom is the Nectar Premier Memory Foam Mattress that has a foundation base to minimize motion transfer, a memory foam core for pressure relief and support, all topped with a cooling cover to keep sleepers comfortable during warm nights. This option adds motion suppression and extra cooling over the Classic model, but customers can upgrade to the Luxe or Ultra models to benefit from increased luxury. The company also offers a Hybrid option in all four levels. Nectar Sleep sells mattresses, bedroom furniture, bedding, and dog beds online and in 2,000 retail stores across the U.S. As a prominent brand in the bed-in-a-box industry, Nectar Sleep exceeds expectations when it comes to guarantees, offering a 365-night trial period, forever warranty, free shipping, and free returns. 

Shop Nectar Sleep mattresses at: 

• Nectar Sleep
• Amazon

5. Purple

Price Range: $$ to $$$

Top Products: Purple Restore Hybrid Mattress (from $1,699 at Purple) and Purple Mattress (from $799 at Purple) 

Purple’s origin story dates back to 1989 when founding brothers Terry and Tony Pearce worked to develop a cushioning fluid to prevent wheelchair pressure sores. Their process set off a chain reaction, eventually leading to the development of their Hyper-Elastic Polymer. While a range of industries—from medical beds to shoe insoles—incorporated this ground-breaking polymer, the brothers were interested in creating something new, and the Purple mattress was born. 

Purple incorporates the Pearce brothers’ invention into every mattress to create the ultimate no-pressure bed, such as the Purple Restore Hybrid Mattress, which features two inches of GelFlex® Grid and edge-to-edge coils to improve support and cradle the sleeper’s pressure points for improved sleep comfort. Each Purple mattress features the brand’s “Purple Grid’’ technology: a waffle-pattern topper made of hyperelastic polymer that is more responsive and sleeps cooler than traditional memory foam. Purple’s product repertoire includes adult and child mattresses, bed frames, pillows, seat cushions, bedding, and pet beds, to bring a cozy sleep to every member of the family.

Shop Purple mattresses at:

• Purple
• Raymour & Flanigan

6. Tuft & Needle

Price Range: $ to $$$

Top Products: Tuft & Needle Mint Mattress (from $636 at Tuft & Needle) and Tuft & Needle Original Adaptive Foam Mattress (from $796 at Amazon) 

Tuft & Needle was created to simplify the mattress-buying process, as one of the first companies to shift the user experience online and away from overwhelming viewing rooms and salespeople. To accomplish that goal, Tuft & Needle delivers high-quality mattresses right to the front door for free, without any sales gimmicks. Tuft & Needle Mint mattresses use layers of T&N Flex, Release, and Adaptive foam for comfort, support, and pressure relief to help guarantee a restful sleep. 

The company sells three types of mattresses: two foam options (Original and Mint) and one hybrid style. Each mattress style features Tuft & Needle’s proprietary Adaptive Foam, a unique type of foam that provides pressure relief and support without sinking or retaining too much body heat. As mentioned above, the Tuft & Needle Mint Mattress is an upgrade from the Tuft & Needle Original, featuring multiple layers of Adaptive Foam, a heat-regulating top, reinforced edge support, and reduced motion transfer to suit two sleepers.

If a Tuft & Needle mattress isn’t the right fit, return the mattress within the 100-day trial period for a full refund and free removal to a charity of the user’s choice. 

Shop Tuft & Needle mattresses at:

• Tuft & Needle 
• Amazon
• Target

7. Leesa

Price Range: $ to $$$

Top Products: Leesa Sapira Hybrid Mattress (from $944 at Leesa) and Leesa Original Mattress (from $609 at Leesa) 

Leesa creates stylish and comfortable mattresses with the community in mind. Beyond using recycled and natural materials in its mattresses, the brand also works with local partners to donate one mattress to a family in need for every 10 mattresses sold. Based in Virginia, Leesa’s products are manufactured in the U.S. and ship for free from its online store. Leesa mattresses are available for testing in some West Elm, Pottery Barn, and Macy’s stores. Don’t fret if there isn’t a retailer nearby; each mattress comes with a 100-day risk-free trial period to make sure it’s the right choice. 

Leesa mattresses are available in a variety of styles to suit every sleeper. The company manufactures all foam mattresses and foam-and-spring hybrids, like the Leesa Sapira Hybrid Mattress. This choice features a breathable cover, a ventilated foam layer, a memory foam recovery layer, and a responsive support layer to help keep pressure points supported throughout the night. Each style includes the brand’s premium breathable foam, a soft and stylish outer cover, and a range of other comfort features depending on the mattress style. 

Shop Leesa mattresses at:

• Leesa 
• Walmart

8. Nolah

Price Range: $$ to $$$

Top Products: Nolah Signature 12-Inch Mattress (from $844 at Nolah) and Nolah Evolution 15-Inch Mattress (from $974 at Nolah) 

Each of Nolah’s U.S.-manufactured mattresses features the company’s breathable and durable multilayer-foam design. For ultimate comfort, the mattresses include a high-density foam base, a supportive and high-resilience foam layer, and a top layer of cooling Nolah AirFoam. The AirFoam is a temperature-neutral foam without the heat-trapping chemicals found in some other memory-foam mattresses. Unlike many other popular mattresses on the market, this unique design excludes memory foam, with the intention of providing cooler sleep, better pressure relief, and improved durability. 

Nolah carries three mattress options, ranging in height and price points, but each mattress style comes with a variety of customization choices. The Nolah Evolution 15-Inch Mattress can be customized in both size and firmness while maintaining the high-quality design that supports the curves of the body for natural spinal alignment. The mattresses cater to side and back sleepers to offer better support at key pressure points like the hips, shoulders, and back. Free shipping, free returns, and a 120-night trial period provide ample time to decide if a Nolah mattress is the right choice.

Shop Nolah mattresses at:

• Nolah
• Wayfair 

9. Brooklyn Bedding

Price Range: $ to $$$

Top Products: Brooklyn Signature Hybrid Mattress (from $465.50 at Brooklyn Bedding) and Brooklyn Chill Memory Foam Mattress (from $191.80 at Brooklyn Bedding)

For those who prefer the more responsive appeal of a hybrid mattress, consider a model from Brooklyn Bedding. The brand designs and manufactures its bedding at a facility in Arizona. Most sales take place online, but customers can visit showroom and partner locations in select cities across the U.S. Even with its affordable price, the Brooklyn Signature Hybrid Mattress is a high-quality product made with several layers to improve sleep, including a moisture-wicking quilted top, transition foam, and eight-inch individually encased coils that help to support pressure points and retain the natural position of the spine. 

Along with bedding, pillows, and bed bases, Brooklyn Bedding carries multiple hybrid mattress options that range in firmness, materials, and price points to cater to different sleepers. Many of the company’s mattress styles provide the option to choose a firmness level and mix a supportive coil system with hyper-responsive, variable foam to create a balanced mattress. Free shipping and returns plus a 120-night trial period make it risk-free to try a mattress.

Shop Brooklyn Bedding mattresses at:

• Brooklyn Bedding
• Walmart

10. WinkBeds

Price Range: $$ to $$$

Top Products: The WinkBed (from $849 at WinkBeds) and WinkBeds GravityLux (from $899 at WinkBeds) 

WinkBeds prides itself on making handmade luxury hybrid mattresses designed for a more restful sleep. Beyond the brand’s focus on craftsmanship, WinkBeds aims to design mattresses that prevent and relieve back pain. The various styles offer decompressing spine support and advanced pressure-point relief to support the spine, hips, and shoulders. Plus, a cooler sleeping surface offers an optimal snoozing temperature for a restful night. 

Available in three firmness options, the WinkBeds GravityLux Mattress is a great choice for side, back, and side-back combo sleepers, as well as couples who are looking for a balance between motion isolation, pressure relief, and responsiveness for the ideal sleep. Purchase a WinkBeds mattress from the online store (with free shipping, free returns, and a 120-night trial) or via a handful of partner showrooms in the U.S. 

Shop WinkBeds mattresses at:

• WinkBeds
• The Back Store

11. Layla Sleep

Price Range: $$ to $$$

Top Products: Layla Memory Foam Mattress (from $599 at Layla Sleep) and Layla Sleep Hybrid Foam Mattress (from $1,099 at Layla Sleep) 

Can’t decide between a soft or a firm mattress? Have the best of both worlds with a Layla Sleep mattress. Layla Sleep offers flippable foam mattresses that feature a firm side and a soft side so sleepers can pick their ideal sleeping surface without needing to swap out the mattress. One of Layla’s top products is the flippable Layla Sleep Hybrid Foam Mattress, which features an advanced coil system for zero motion transfer and tri-zone airflow layers to absorb and transfer the shock between the comfort layer and the spring system.

The company manufactures a coil-foam hybrid and full-foam option. Both styles include copper-infused memory foam, which Layla Sleep claims has cooling and antimicrobial properties for a more pleasant rest. Layla Sleep offers mattresses, bed frames, pillows, and bedding directly to consumers and supports its mattresses with a 120-night trial period with a money-back guarantee and no return fees. And for anyone who doesn’t love their choice, the company donates returned mattresses to charity rather than having customers ship them back. 

Shop Layla Sleep mattresses at:

• Layla Sleep
• Walmart

12. Avocado Mattress

Price Range: $$ to $$$$

Top Products: Avocado Green Mattress (from $1,189 at Avocado) and Avocado Vegan Mattress (from $1,189 at Avocado) 

For the environmentally conscious shopper, a mattress can be a difficult purchase. Factors like mattress waste, materials, and treatment chemicals are important to consider. Handmade in California, Avocado Mattresses are 100 percent certified organic so buyers can be confident in the origins of the materials. Beyond a focus on eco-friendly materials, the company also pays mind to its supply chain, offering transparency for multiple steps—from the source of its latex to where it hand-manufactures its mattresses in Los Angeles. 

The Avocado Green Mattress is made with exclusively organic materials to help give environmentally-conscious individuals peace of mind when they are making their purchases. Avocado also offers mattresses in a variety of sizes and firmness options, making it a good choice for front, side, and back sleepers. While all the brands on this list provide safe mattress options, Avocado Mattress takes care to omit chemicals that may concern health- and eco-conscious consumers.

Shop Avocado mattresses at:

• Avocado Mattress
• Raymour and Flanigan

13. Cocoon by Sealy

Price Range: $$ to $$$

Top Products: The Chill Memory Foam Mattress (from $399 at Cocoon by Sealy) and The Chill Hybrid Mattress (from 539 at Cocoon by Sealy) 

Cocoon by Sealy is Sealy’s mattress-in-a-box brand, blending Sealy’s years of mattress expertise with a direct-to-consumer model. The brand was created with the goal of manufacturing a shippable mattress with a simpler shopping process. Cocoon by Sealy mattresses feature a resilient and high-density memory-foam top that cradles the sleeper’s body without collapsing. The company’s two mattress options include a hybrid mattress that includes coils and memory foam along with The Chill Memory Foam Mattress, which is exclusively constructed from memory foam. Cocoon by Sealy backs up its products with a 100-night free trial, so buyers can feel confident about their mattress investment.

Both mattress styles have undergone years of testing and in-house development, and are manufactured in the U.S. to ensure they measure up to Sealy’s quality and durability standards. 

Shop Cocoon by Sealy mattresses at:

• Cocoon by Sealy
• Walmart

14. Serta

Price Range: $$ to $$$

Top Products: Serta Perfect Sleeper Pro Mattress (from $1,274 at Serta) and Serta Perfect Sleeper 14-Inch Ultra Plush Hybrid Mattress (from $725 at Wayfair)

Serta’s first mattress—The Perfect Sleeper—was released in 1931, though it would still be another two years until the company changed its name to Serta. In the more than 90 years that have followed, Serta has become a household name and a top choice for many shoppers searching for the best brand of mattress. 

The Serta Perfect Sleeper Pro Mattress continues the long tradition of offering high-quality rest for weary individuals with a five-zoned design to help improve spinal alignment, responsive coils for better pressure point support, and an advanced cooling system for enhanced comfort. 

Serta strives to meet the highest quality and safety standards when manufacturing their mattresses. All of the foam used in their mattresses is CertiPUR-US certified. The company is also working to decrease their carbon footprint by incorporating sustainable resources and minimizing the use of chemicals in their production.

Shop Serta mattresses at:

• Serta
• Wayfair
• Mattress Firm

15. Tempur-Pedic

Price Range: $$ to $$$$

Top Products: Tempur-Pedic TEMPUR-LUXEbreeze° 13-Inch Soft Mattress (from $4,799.00 at Mattress Firm) and Tempur-Pedic Proadapt 12-Inch Firm Mattress (from $2,799 at Mattress Firm) 

The special viscoelastic foam, also called Tempur material, used to make Tempur-Pedic mattresses provides just the right amount of support to alleviate pressure and keep individuals comfortable as they sleep. 

Don’t skip the Tempur-Pedic Proadapt 12-Inch Firm Mattress, which is designed to alleviate aches, stiffness, pain, and sleep apnea by providing consistent support across the entire bed. Meanwhile, the hypoallergenic composition prevents dust mites from taking up residence in the mattress, making this product ideal for allergy-prone sleepers.

Tempur-Pedic is currently working towards creating zero-landfill waste and achieving carbon neutrality for their facilities. The company offers both all-foam and hybrid mattresses. The mattresses are delivered in a box, and can be ready to use within minutes of unrolling and setting up. In addition to mattresses, Tempur-Pedic also sells pillows, mattress toppers, bed bases, sheet sets, blankets, and more.

Shop Tempur-Pedic mattresses at:

• Tempur-Pedic
• Mattress Firm
• Wayfair

How We Chose the Best Mattress Brands

What is the best mattress brand? The answer will depend on the needs and budget of the customer. With so many good mattress brands serving the varied sleeping preferences and space constraints of sleepers, it can be challenging to choose the best brands among them. To select this list of the top brands, we gave preference to brands that offer firm, soft, and hybrid options in various sizes from reputable sellers. We looked carefully at brands offering eco-friendly options, as well as those with specialized foam formulas that help keep sleepers cool and supported throughout a night’s rest. Popular brands that offer children’s mattresses, mattresses in a box delivery, and other unique features like the double-sided hybrid mattress were also given consideration for a spot on the list of the best mattress brands.

The post The 15 Best Mattress Brands of 2025  appeared first on Bob Vila.

A burst pipe or clogged toilet can be a real headache. We depend on the plumbing in our home to function seamlessly so we have clean water to use; cold and hot water running throughout the house in each shower, tub, faucet, and water-using appliance; and the ability to remove wastewater. 

But when plumbing isn’t working, the problem needs fixing right away. Many homeowners try to address plumbing issues on their own, but that isn’t always a good idea. “While it’s great that homeowners are interested in tackling some plumbing tasks themselves, it’s important to know where to draw the line,” warns Al Fagundes, founder and CEO of A. Fagundes Plumbing and Heating Inc., with locations in Massachusetts and New Hampshire. “I’ve seen my share of DIY mishaps over the years, and some can be costly,” he says.

We spoke with Fagundes and other professional plumbers to ask what they think are the three biggest DIY plumbing mistakes they’ve seen and been asked to fix. They also offered tips to help homeowners determine which plumbing repairs are typically suitable for DIYers and which are best left to the pros. 

1. Over-Tightening Connections

A common mistake that DIYers make is tightening pipe fittings, supply lines, faucet connections, and toilet bolts too much, which can result in cracking pipes or destroying washers. “Many DIYers think that if a little tightening is good, then more is better, but this is often not the case,” says Fagundes. “Over-tightening pipe fittings, especially plastic ones, can actually damage them, leading to cracks and leaks. It can also strip threads on metal fittings, making them unusable.” This can ultimately cause leaks that could have easily been avoided. 

The goal should be to create a seal, not to crush the pipes. Fagundes offers a good rule of thumb: tighten fittings until they’re snug and then give them just a little bit more—usually no more than a quarter turn. Use Teflon tape or pipe dope on threaded connections to help create a seal and prevent seizing.

2. Incorrect Use of Sealants and Tape

Another issue occurs when DIYers use duct tape or epoxy fillers incorrectly. Danny Pen, a plumbing and HVAC contractor at New Era Plumbing & HVAC in Dracut, Massachusetts, often sees inexperienced homeowners wrapping Teflon tape backward or using too much of it. “In both of these cases, it causes leaks instead of preventing them,” he says. Pen suggests wrapping the tape clockwise two to three times so it tightens with the fitting.

Understanding which sealant to use for which application is also critical. Teflon tape is great for threaded connections, but it’s not appropriate for all plumbing situations, says Fagundes. “For example, it shouldn’t be used on compression fittings,” he explains. “Pipe dope (pipe joint compound) is another sealant that’s used on threaded connections, often in conjunction with Teflon tape.” Also, using too much sealant can be just as bad as using too little. Excess sealant can squeeze out and create obstructions in the pipes.

Finally, Alex Atkinson, plumber and HVAC technician with Super Brothers in San Jose and Sacramento, California, has walked into homes where residents have attempted to repair a burst or leaking pipe with temporary solutions like duct tape or DIY epoxy fixes. “While these might hold for a short time, they’re not permanent solutions and can lead to costly water damage if they fail,” he says. The temporary patches can easily give out, requiring you to replace entire sections of drywall or flooring due to water damage. 

3. Forgetting to Turn Off the Water Supply and Drain Pipes

Another big error is when homeowners forget to turn off the water supply and then drain pipes before they attempt to fix a plumbing issue. “It’s amazing how often DIYers forget (or don’t know how) to turn off the water supply before starting a plumbing repair,” says Fagundes. “This can lead to a real mess—water spraying everywhere, potential water damage to walls and floors, and even the risk of electrical shock if water comes into contact with electrical wiring.”  

How can you avoid a disaster? Before tackling any plumbing project, be sure to always locate the main water shutoff valve for your home and turn it off. For smaller repairs, like replacing a faucet, you might be able to use the shut-off valves under the sink or toilet.

It’s also critical to drain the pipes before starting any work on them, says Pen. “This means when they start unscrewing a connection, water still under pressure sprays everywhere, leading to soaked drywall, flooded cabinets, and a mess they didn’t see coming.” Always open a faucet downstream to relieve pressure before doing anything with your plumbing.

Plumbing Repairs Most Suitable for DIYers

When it comes to determining which plumbing repairs are DIY-friendly and which require a professional, consider complexity, risk, and tools, says Atkinson. Make sure you have the proper plumbing tools, including a toilet plunger, plumber’s tape, mini sink and drain plunger, and drain-cleaning auger. You’ll also want to find the proper instructions for each type of repair that you can follow easily. 

Here are some straightforward, quick plumbing repairs that can typically be handled as DIY projects:

• Replacing a faucet washer
• Unclogging minor blockage in a drain with a drain snake or a plunger
• Swapping out existing fixtures like faucets and showerheads
• Fixing a running toilet by replacing the flapper
• Tightening a minor leak under a sink (if it’s just a loose connection)

When It’s Time to Call a Pro

On the other hand, sometimes it’s best to hire a professional plumber to avoid DIY plumbing mistakes and ensure the job is done well. The typical cost range to hire a plumber is between $180 and $489, with a national average cost of $331. Costs will vary depending on the plumber’s expertise level, type of service, job complexity, supplies, labor, and geographic location.

Anything that includes cutting into pipes, working with pressurized water lines, or taking care of sewage should be left to a licensed plumber, says Atkinson. “If a mistake has the potential to cause significant water damage, mold growth, or safety hazards, it’s best to bring in an expert who has the training and equipment to handle the job properly,” he says.

A good rule to follow, according to Fagundes, is: “if it’s wet, call a pro.” If the problem involves a significant amount of water or if you’re dealing with drain lines or sewer lines, it’s generally best to call a professional plumber. “Water damage can be very expensive to repair, so it’s not worth the risk,” he says.

If you’re not sure if a plumbing repair is something you can handle yourself, it’s always best to err on the side of caution and call a licensed plumber. Here are some of the more complex plumbing tasks that often require a pro:

• Repairing burst or leaking pipes
• Relocating pipes
• Repairing or replacing water heaters
• Working on any plumbing behind a wall, under the foundation, or involving gas or sewer lines
• Addressing persistently low water pressure
• Figuring out the cause of mysterious leaks
• Addressing major drain clogs
• Installing smart toilets and luxury faucets and fixtures
• Performing any work requiring permits or adherence to local codes

The post We Asked Plumbers the 3 Biggest DIY Repair Mistakes to Avoid appeared first on Bob Vila.

Nearly half of American homes are at severe or extreme risk of facing at least one type of climate-related natural disaster, according to the 2024 Realtor.com Housing and Climate Risk Report. This includes damage from floods, hurricane winds, wildfires, extreme heat, or hazardous air quality. Not only could this be devastating to your family and property, but it comes with a hefty price tag to repair and rebuild after a storm or other climate-related event.

Fortunately, there are several preventive measures you can take to safeguard your property so it is climate resilient. Consider pursuing the following hardscaping and landscaping projects to help with natural disaster protection.

1. Install permeable pavers.

As you add more hardscape materials like concrete patios to your yard, you can increase water runoff and erosion from the nonpermeable materials. Choosing permeable materials—which are porous so water can flow through them easily—for projects like pathways, patios, and decks can lessen runoff. 

According to the Environmental Protection Agency, such materials include pervious asphalt, interlocking pavers, pervious concrete, gravel, mulch, and plastic grid pavers, which allow rain and snowmelt to drain more easily into the soil during a storm. The ground absorbs the water, which decreases the burden on storm drains. This helps minimize water pooling and prevent flooding and water damage, especially during and after heavy rainfall. 

2. Design a landscaping windbreak.

The selection and placement of natural materials in your yard can help protect your property from strong winds. Referred to as landscaping windbreaks, these efforts can provide effective protection when the wind speed increases. A windbreak can reduce wind speed for a distance of as much as 30 times the windbreak’s height. Interestingly, windbreaks also lower heating costs by reducing the wind chill, or cooling effects of wind, on your house. 

To create an effective windbreak, you’ll need to identify the best trees, bushes, and shrubs for your local climate. The best foliage for a windbreak has low crowns that can slow wind speeds close to the ground. A mix of evergreens and deciduous trees is an effective option, and might include Eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana), Arizona cypress (Hesperocyparis arizonica), Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa), Sycamore (Platanus occidentalis), and Chinese elm (Ulmus parvifolia).

Plant the greenery together in a clump to block wind from the ground up to the height of the trees. The best place to plant a windbreak is one or two tree heights away from your house on the side where winds are worst. The larger the tree, the farther you should plant it from the house. Never plant trees near power lines. Dense trees and shrubs, combined with a wall, fence, or earth berm, can stave off or lift the wind all the way over the house.

3. Build a retaining wall.

Consider building a durable retaining wall to protect your home from flooding. Retaining walls are typically constructed out of reinforced concrete blocks, gabion, stacked stones, brick, rammed earth, or steel. The wall creates raised sections of the yard that serve as a strong barrier. By redirecting rainwater away from your property, a retaining wall helps keep flood water at bay to prevent basement leaks and other types of water damage to your home. 

Retaining walls also can prevent soil erosion. They stabilize slopes and help keep soil in place; eroded soil is a significant contributor to flooding, especially during heavy rain. By stopping erosion, the wall minimizes the amount of sediment that could block drainage systems or make flood conditions worse.

Retaining walls are a good investment overall. In addition to helping with long-term water management in your yard, their design can add an attractive hardscaping feature that enhances curb appeal. Given the complexity of building a retaining wall, it’s advisable to hire a pro to handle the job.

4. Create defensible space through firescaping.

Another way that vegetation in your yard can play a role in protecting your home is through firescaping. This approach involves designing fire-resilient landscaping around the perimeter of your home to reduce risks from wildfires in what’s referred to as a defensible space. 

Defensible space consists of multiple layers, or zones, that make it easier for firefighters to put out a blaze. 

• Zone 0: This zone consists of the nearest 5 feet that surround your home; it should be free of dead or dying plants and any combustible items like wood piles or flammable outdoor furniture. Choose hardscaping materials such as pea gravel or decorative rocks, as opposed to combustible mulch or bark for shrub beds.
• Zone 1: This is the area within 30 feet of your house that allows firefighters to tackle the fire. In addition to close hardscaping, plant low-growing and less-dense foundation shrubs, such as azaleas and boxwoods, and keep trees away from your house. 
• Zone 2: This area extends 100 feet from your home and should include trees and shrubs that are thinned out, along with wide paths that create firebreaks. 

5. Add a rain garden.

Another way to minimize flooding is to build a rain garden in your yard, which is a garden strategically designed to collect and filter stormwater runoff from roofs, driveways, and other impervious surfaces. A rain garden design includes layers of soil, mulch, and native plants with deep root systems that help slow the flow of water. This way, the water seeps into the ground rather than pooling in the yard, overwhelming storm drains, or soaking areas by the house that can damage the foundation. Trees, grasses, ground covers, and shrubs are all part of an effective—and attractive—rain garden. 

The post Is Your Yard Disaster-Proof? 5 Projects That Could Protect Your Home appeared first on Bob Vila.

People spend about 90 percent of their time indoors, so keeping indoor air healthy is a must. 

Mold is a fungus that’s plentiful in the natural environment and, when conditions are right, indoors as well. The bathroom is damp, and often warm, so it can be a favorite spot for black mold to grow. 

According to Donald Weekes, a certified industrial hygienist in Ontario, Canada, and a member of the American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA) Indoor Environmental Quality Committee, “there is something in the neighborhood of 200,000 different types of mold.” Since it’s natural, alive, and goes airborne, mold can happen just about anywhere, Weekes says. Read ahead to learn what conditions support mold growth in your home, how black mold can make you sick, and what to do about black mold in a bathroom.

What is black mold?

The black mold species Stachybotrys chartarum is an aggressive and highly toxic mold variety that might be best removed by a professional. It’s among the world’s 10 most hazardous fungi. “Black mold, in particular, produces mycotoxins,” says Kenny Key, CEO and founder of Lead and Mold Detectives in New York. Those can lead to health problems, especially in the respiratory system.

It can be difficult to tell whether a fungus in your bathroom is black mold vs. mildew or another mold variety. But even as you consider the health effects and identification markers of black mold below, note that the experts we consulted agree that you should address any signs of mold, regardless of type. ”If you spot any mold in your bathroom—whether black or not—it’s important to take action immediately,” says Laura Linn Knight, author of The Toxic Mold Solution: A Comprehensive Guide to Healing Your Home and Body from Mold. Leaving any mold in place too long, especially without addressing moisture, can increase the chance the problem will progress to black mold.

Black Mold’s Impact on Health

Exposure to any mold over time can lead to health effects. The type and range depend on “the type of mold, the level of exposure, and the individual’s sensitivity,” says Knight. Potential health effects of mold exposure and black mold symptoms include:

• Respiratory issues—black mold exposure can cause or worsen asthma. Other signs are wheezing, coughing, sneezing, shortness of breath, and sinus infections.
• Allergic reactions, such as skin rashes, watery eyes, and even swollen eyes.
• Headaches, such as migraines
• Fatigue, dizziness, or vertigo
• Brain fog and difficulty concentrating
• Abdominal pain, nausea, bloating
• Mental health effects such as anxiety or depression.

The mycotoxins in black mold “can cause chronic fatigue, nausea, vomiting, and neurological symptoms like dizziness, confusion, and sometimes memory loss,” says Key. Knight says that mycotoxins can interfere with brain function, “contributing to mood swings, memory problems, and increased stress levels.” If you don’t address mold exposure like black mold in the shower, you can have “chronic, long-term health issues, including chronic respiratory problems and neurological effects,” says Knight.

How to Identify Black Mold in the Bathroom

Before knowing how to get rid of black mold in the bathroom, learn what conditions support mold growth. First, Weekes says to look for the three things mold needs to thrive: mold spores, a porous surface they can latch onto, and high humidity/moisture. Drifting through the air, mold spores eventually land on a moist surface amenable to mold, like cellulose, and “they’ll most likely land on that surface and grow,” says Weekes. 

To tell the appearance of black mold from other molds, look for a dark patch that forms in a circular pattern. “Black mold typically is darker in color, a black or greenish-black, and usually looks wet,” says Key. “Black mold also has a very distinct musty smell that can help in identification,” he says.

Still, black mold could lurk under bathroom floors or inside walls. The only sure way to identify black mold is to take a sample and test it—either by asking professionals to come in or by using a black mold test kit. Once you confirm the bathroom mold type and extent of the problem, you can learn how to remove black mold safely or seek professional help.

Before You Begin

Cleaning mold requires that you be near the spores. If you attempt to remove black mold, “you need to wear protective gear,” says Key. This includes gloves, goggles, an N95 respirator mask, and long sleeves. “Make sure you have proper ventilation in the area in which you’re working,” Key advises. Further, use similar caution when turning to various cleaning products; follow all instructions on the container and never mix chemicals, especially ammonia and bleach. 

Follow these protective measures to minimize exposure. If you notice any health effects from being near the black mold, it’s best to stop working and have a professional take over. Likewise, if you are uncertain about the type of mold or extent of the problem, notice significant water damage, or see that black mold covers more than 10 square feet of surface area, turn to a professional remediator instead.

How to Clean Black Mold From Bathroom Surfaces

SUPPLIES

N95 respirator mask
Rubber gloves or chemical-resistant gloves
Eye goggles
Distilled white vinegar
Detergent or antifungal cleaner
Hydrogen peroxide
Rags, sponges, or a scrub brush
BleachAmmonia

Without testing the mold, it can be difficult to know in advance what works best to kill black mold or another type. If uncertain and facing a small amount of stain, start with milder household products and move on to harsher ammonia if necessary. “Generally speaking, it’s the simplest product that works best,” says Weekes. When deciding how to eliminate mold in bathroom fixtures or walls, always consider the surface type, partly to avoid abrasive tools that might scratch the surface. In addition, porous surfaces can absorb all liquids, as well as the mold spores you can see.

How to clean hard surfaces, like ceramic tiles and bathroom countertops

Follow these directions for nonporous surfaces and fixtures include toilets, porcelain sinks, some shower or floor tiles, mirrors, and vinyl shower curtains. Unless they are sealed well, grouts and many types of caulk are porous. 

1. Spray the area with your preferred safe cleaner, such as distilled white vinegar or a mixture of vinegar and household detergent. You could also use undiluted 3% hydrogen peroxide or a commercial antifungal cleaner (follow manufacturer’s directions.)
2. Let the cleaner sit for several minutes, then spray again just before wiping.
3. After wiping the cleaner on the surface, check your results.
4. If mold remains, spray again and scrub with a brush or abrasive scrubber. Dry the area thoroughly and assess whether the cleanup was effective.
5. If mold remains after cleaning, clean the area again with ammonia and water (10 percent ammonia to 90 percent water).
6. If the problem persist, you may need to call in the experts.

The easiest way to clean a vinyl shower curtain is to remove it and soak it in a large tub or container filled with water and about a cup of white vinegar (or bleach if the curtain is colorfast) for about an hour. 

Only turn to bleach if necessary when cleaning black mold in bathrooms. Biocides like chlorine bleach kill living organisms such as mold, but the EPA does not recommend them for routine mold cleanup, even on nonporous surfaces. Weekes says the suggestion for years has been to use “water and about a 10 percent solution of ammonia.” You also can opt for a commercial product designed to kill mold, but check it carefully for safety precautions for surfaces and ventilation.

How to clean porous surfaces such as grout, ceiling tiles, and walls

Porous materials allow moisture—and mold—to penetrate their surfaces. In a bathroom, this might include wood, walls, wallpaper, carpet, unsealed grouts, caulk, and ceiling tiles. According to Weekes, mold will latch onto surfaces “made up of cellulose, like paper and wallboard.” He says the porous materials are “soft and chewy, which is why most problems are in walls and ceilings.” Even moisture-resistant wall materials like greenboard can take in mold if a shower surround or wall was not designed or installed properly or if excess moisture and mold have been allowed to sit on the walls.

Again, although you might see advice about using bleach to kill mold, apply that only to nonporous surfaces. “You don’t want to use bleach on a porous surface,” says Key. It could make the problem worse, since water in the bleach will penetrate the porous surface and add to moisture. Plus, Key says “black mold has a protective outer layer that bleach doesn’t penetrate effectively.” 

1. Select your treatment option. As with hard surfaces, start with the simplest or mildest option. White vinegar can help kill mold since it penetrates porous surfaces, and its acid could help rid crevices of mold.You also can use a commercial mold cleaner designed for multiple surfaces—follow package directions. If you have a small patch of black mold, skip right to the 10 percent ammonia and water solution.
2. Spray the product on the affected area and let it sit for a few minutes.
3. To avoid soaking the porous surface, wipe the area with a cloth or sponge, since a brush could harm porous surfaces.
4. To avoid soaking the porous surface, Wring out the cloth or sponge if you dip it in a solution or as it becomes damp from wiping. 
5. Gently wipe the wall again with a wrung-out sponge or cloth dipped in clean water.
6. To clean grout, dip a toothbrush in the cleaning solution and scrub the grout lightly before wiping with a cloth or sponge dipped in clean water and wrung out.
7. Help the porous surface dry quickly by opening windows or directing fans toward the cleaned area.
8. Let the wall dry for 24 hours if possible before checking results. 
9. If mold persists, repeat steps above or call in a pro.

According to the EPA, mold in ceilings and carpet can be difficult to impossible to remove since it fills the empty spaces and crevices of the porous materials. It is generally better to replace moldy ceiling tiles, carpet, or any large section of wall affected by mold.

When to Hire a Professional for Bathroom Mold Remediation

Tackling small spots of mold and mildew are easy DIY tasks and important bathroom maintenance to prevent black mold. But it’s important to know when you should call in a mold remediation professional instead. Professionals have the equipment and expertise to return your home to a safe state. They also can make recommendations on how to prevent mold from coming back in the future. 

“Times to call in a pro are when it’s more than 10 square feet of mold, or if there is structural damage like mold growing on the walls, ceilings, or floors,” says Key. If mold is hidden behind walls, under carpet, or in your HVAC system, he explains, you need a professional remediation. 

Your health and sensitivity also are factors, say Key and Knight. For example, those with asthma or allergies shouldn’t tackle black mold removal. “If you are sensitive to mold, I suggest hiring a professional to remove even a small amount of mold,” says Knight. Key adds: “If there is extensive water damage from flooding or minor damage in the bathroom from a leak,” you need a pro to treat that as well.

Key says to look for a licensed company in your state. All states have some type of certification for professional mold remediators. The AIHA maintains a list of industrial hygiene and environmental health and safety consultants. Mold inspection costs typically average around $656, but some companies will waive this fee if the customer hires them for remediation services. 

Black mold removal costs start at about $1,223 and average about $2,300. Homeowners insurance may cover mold remediation, depending on the circumstances.

How to Prevent Mold in Your Bathroom

The best way to address black mold in your bathroom is to prevent mold from growing and to address any mold or signs of moisture damage immediately. “Prevention is a matter of maintenance more than anything else,” says Weekes. This includes making sure your home is sealed from outside moisture, that you’re not seeing condensation on windows, mold on windowsills, or water activity on surfaces, and that your home has adequate ventilation.

Clean your bathroom regularly.

Thoroughly clean the bathroom weekly; this consistent regimen should keep mold spores from taking hold and running amok. If you see signs of bathtub mold or other mold or mildew, rotate an antifungal cleaner into the routine at least once a month. Store a spray bottle of vinegar in the bathroom, then apply it and let it air-dry after every shower or bath. And don’t simply paint over mold on walls; take steps to clean the spores first.

Keep bathroom surfaces dry between uses.

To prevent black mold in the shower, use a squeegee to remove water droplets from the shower walls, then towel down glass doors and tile to remove the remaining moisture from those surfaces. It’s even helpful to dry the floor, dry off shampoo bottles, and hang damp towels elsewhere. Prevent black mold in a bathroom sink by wiping the basin out after each use. If you see signs of black mold in a bathtub or around it, be sure to drain it completely, wipe down wet edges if necessary, and check for signs of cracks in or black mold in bathroom caulk around the tub, shower, windows, or sink.

Take steps to eliminate moisture from leaks or a poorly sealed home.

“One of the main contributors to mold growth is excess moisture,” says Knight. “Fix any leaks in your bathroom plumbing or shower as soon as possible to prevent water from pooling or seeping into the walls,” she says. When the weather allows, open your bathroom window after a shower. Add moisture-loving plants like orchids or peace lilies to soak up some of the moisture and green up the space.

Running an exhaust fan for at least 30 minutes after fogging up the bathroom with showers or laundry if located there can help, but if you already have mold spores, use caution. “Most bathroom vents go directly up into the attic,” says Weekes. The attic probably has plenty of porous and cellulose surfaces for those spores to grow. If your exhaust fan vents to the outside, it can help. However, Weekes says, the best ventilation comes from your air conditioning system. 

Use mold- or moisture-resistant construction.

“When renovating or maintaining your bathroom, consider using mold-resistant products,” says Knight, who says that new products like mold-resistant paperless drywall, vapor barriers or retarders, are always coming on the market. Opt for nonporous surfaces when possible, and ensure that all caulks, grouts, and joints are properly sealed to prevent water from seeping through cracks. 

Final Thoughts

According to Weekes, cleaners and other efforts help control mold, but you can’t be completely free of this living organism. “Mold has survived for hundreds of thousands of years. Anything that you can throw at it will not be completely effective,” he says. Still, managing moisture, regularly cleaning spores from surfaces, and getting rid of any black mold with these steps or through professional remediation can help. If black mold returns or spreads after you try to kill it, turn to a licensed mold removal company to help eliminate existing mold damage and correct issues like moisture or poorly constructed shower walls that support its growth.

The post Cleaning and Preventing Black Mold in the Bathroom appeared first on Bob Vila.

Finding tiny black bugs in the house, especially near windows, can be an unsettling experience. These pests may be harmless nuisances like ants or carpet beetles, or they could signal a larger pest infestation that requires immediate attention.

Understanding what type of bugs have invaded your home, what attracts them, and how they’re getting inside is key to removing them quickly and preventing future problems. This guide covers common household bugs, effective removal methods, and prevention strategies to keep your home pest-free. If the infestation persists, a professional pest control service may be the best solution to eliminate the issue for good.

Identifying Tiny Black Bugs

For those who aren’t entomologists, distinguishing small black bugs in the house can be tricky. Many species look alike, but these key features help with identification:

• Size: Tiny black bugs that look like specks of dirt look much different from bugs over a millimeter long.
• Color: Some insects that seem black from a distance actually appear dark red, brown, or gray up close.
• Patterns & texture: Unique markings or body textures can set certain bugs apart.
• Body structure: Ants have three body segments, while ticks only have two.
• Legs: Insects have six legs, while arachnids (like spiders and ticks) have eight.
• Wings: Whether or not the bugs have wings can help narrow down the type.

By noting these characteristics, you can more easily determine which tiny pest has invaded your home.

Types of Small Black Bugs

1. Ants

Ants are one of the most common household pests, often entering homes through tiny cracks in search of food and water. Different types of ants may be found near windows:

• Carpenter ants: These large black ants tunnel through wood, potentially causing structural damage.
• Little black ants: These tiny ants form large colonies and often invade kitchens and bathrooms.
• Fire ants: Recognizable by their reddish color, fire ants are aggressive and can sting, causing painful welts.

To manage an infestation, it’s important to seal entry points, clean surfaces to remove scent trails, and use bait traps to eliminate colonies.

2. Flies

Flies are common pests found near windows, often attracted to food, moisture, or organic matter. The most common types include:

• Houseflies: These dark gray flies are about ¼ inch long and hover near garbage, dirty dishes, or decaying food.
• Phorid flies: Smaller than houseflies, phorid flies have a distinct humped back and prefer damp environments like leaky windows or drains.
• Drain flies: Also known as moth flies, these fuzzy-winged insects breed in slow or clogged drains and are common in bathrooms and kitchens.

Preventing fly infestations involves maintaining cleanliness, sealing food properly, and repairing any moisture issues around windows.

3. Mites

Mites are tiny, often microscopic pests that thrive in household environments. Two common types include:

• Clover mites: Often mistaken for black specks, reddish clover mites leave a red stain when crushed. They are attracted to moisture and can invade homes in large numbers.
• Carpet mites (dust mites): Too small to see with the naked eye, these mites live in textiles and feed on dust and skin cells. Their presence is often linked to allergies and respiratory issues.

Reducing mite populations involves regular vacuuming, controlling humidity, and replacing air filters.

4. Gnats

Gnats are small, winged insects that thrive in warm, humid environments. They can become a nuisance, especially when they swarm in large numbers. Some common types include:

• Fungus gnats: Attracted to damp soil, fungus gnats infest potted plants and overwatered areas.
• Fruit flies: These tiny flying insects are drawn to overripe fruit and sugary spills.
• Biting midges (no-see-ums): Unlike other gnats, these tiny insects bite and feed on blood, leaving itchy welts.

To control gnats, keep the home dry, avoid overwatering plants, and use traps like vinegar or sticky tape.

5. Carpet Beetles

Carpet beetles are small, oval-shaped insects that can damage household fabrics. They lay eggs on materials like wool, silk, leather, and pet hair. While adult beetles feed on pollen, their larvae consume natural fibers, leading to holes in clothing and upholstery. Signs of an infestation include shed skins, fecal pellets, and damage to textiles. 

Using diatomaceous earth, essential oils, or professional pest control can help eliminate carpet beetles.

6. Booklice

Booklice are tiny, brownish insects that thrive in warm, damp areas. Despite their name, they are not related to lice but instead feed on mold, decaying paper, and organic matter. They are commonly found on window sills, bookshelves, and near indoor plants. 

To eliminate booklice, reduce indoor humidity, improve ventilation, and clean affected surfaces with bleach.

How to Prevent Tiny Black Bugs From Coming into Your Home

Preventing tiny black bugs starts with keeping windows clean and sealing potential entry points. Regular maintenance makes it easier to spot gaps or cracks that insects use to get inside. Here are key steps to keep pests away:

• Seal gaps and cracks: Use caulk to fill holes around windows and repair any tears in window screens.
• Apply perimeter treatments: Spray insect repellent around the foundation, doors, baseboards, and any cracks where bugs might enter.
• Store food properly: Keep pantry items in airtight containers to eliminate food sources for pests.
• Reduce moisture: Fix leaks, use dehumidifiers, and ensure proper ventilation to discourage bugs that thrive in humid environments.
• Upgrade insulation: Install or replace weatherstripping around windows and doors to block entry points.

If tiny black bugs keep appearing despite these precautions, replacing old windows with better-insulated ones may help prevent infestations in the long run.

When to Call a Professional

If tiny black bugs continue to be a problem despite preventive measures, a pest control professional can provide a more effective solution. They can identify the source of the infestation, locate entry points, and seal problem areas to prevent future issues. Professionals can also inspect for more serious pests, such as termites, that may have gone unnoticed.

Pest control experts have specialized equipment and treatments designed to handle large-scale infestations. While DIY methods may seem cost-effective, repeated failed attempts can add up, often making professional services the more affordable option in the long run. 

The post What Are the Tiny Black Bugs in My House Near the Window? appeared first on Bob Vila.

Painter’s tape is used to create crisp lines, protect ceilings and trim, and make a painting job look like it was done by a professional. Using painter’s tape, however, can be trickier than it looks.

While experienced painters sometimes cut in without tape, beginners usually use painter’s tape to mask off areas that they don’t want to paint and then peel the paint off to reveal perfectly painted lines.

This guide will teach you about the different types of painter’s tape, and how to use this kind of tape around doors, windows, and other areas you want to protect from paint spatter.

5 Types of Painter’s Tape DIYers Should Know

These are the most common types of painter’s tape you’re likely to see at your local home improvement store. The best painter’s tape for you depends on the task at hand.

1. Multipurpose Painter’s Tape

Multipurpose painter’s tape is suitable for most common household projects. It has a medium level of adhesion and sticks to most painted walls without causing any damage. It can also be used on floors, trim, baseboards, tile, and glass. Some tape brands use colors to differentiate their painter’s tape varieties, and most blue tape is considered multipurpose tape.

Our Recommendation: ScotchBlue Original Multi-Surface Painter’s Tape at Amazon (0.7 inches / 60 yards) for $6.05
ScotchBlue’s Original Multi-Surface Painter’s Tape is an excellent all-around pick with medium adhesion that works well for a wide variety of surface types.

2. Textured Surface Painter’s Tape

When masking textured surfaces for paint, it’s important to use a style of tape with a higher level of adhesion that’s ideal for rougher materials like brick, concrete, and wood. Many brands make their high-adhesion tape green.

Our Recommendation: Scotch Rough Surface Extra Strength Painter’s Tape at Amazon (0.94 inches / 60 yards) for $5.99
This tape from Scotch adheres well to rough and textured surfaces and resists UV rays.

3. Delicate Surface Painter’s Tape

One of the risks of using painter’s tape is potentially damaging the surface. With delicate surface painter’s tape, however, that’s not a concern. Some brands use the color purple to designate their delicate surface painter’s tape.

Our Recommendation: FROGTAPE Delicate Surface Painter’s Tape (24mm x 55m) at Acme Tools for $7.49
This low-adhesion tape is easy to tear and gives you very sharp paint lines while protecting the delicate surface underneath.

4. Exterior Painter’s Tape

When working outdoors, the highest level of adhesion is necessary—especially if your project takes a few days. Exterior painter’s tape is designed to withstand the elements and won’t peel off if it rains.

Our Recommendation: Scotch Exterior Surface Painter’s Tape (1.88 in. / 45 yards) at Amazon for $19.99
This tape adheres well to common outdoor surfaces like metal, vinyl, painted wood, and glass, and it’s ideal for when you need a high-adhesion option.

5. Decorative Shape Tape

Those attempting crafty DIY projects may appreciate thinner rolls of painter’s tape, which allow them to create thin lines for a design. Some decorative tapes come in unique patterns like chevrons, which can be used to create a graphic effect on walls and other surfaces.

Our Recommendation: Chinco Painter’s Automotive Masking Tape (6 rolls) at Amazon for $12.99
This set of six tape rolls comes in a variety of widths so that users can use them for myriad artistic painting projects.

How to Protect Trim and Ceilings Using Painter’s Tape

When painting walls, painter’s tape can be used to protect ceilings, baseboards, and trim. The following steps will help ensure that your paint lines are crisp and that no paint splatters onto unwanted surfaces.

Step 1: Prep and clean walls, ceiling, and trim. 

Before starting any painting project, it’s important to ensure that all of the surfaces are clean and free of dust. This is especially important when using painter’s tape since it won’t adhere properly to dirty surfaces.

After cleaning, make sure everything has dried completely before moving on to the next step.

Step 2: Apply the tape to the trim and ceiling. 

The next step is identifying the areas you need to protect. In most rooms, this means the ceiling, the trim around windows and doors, and baseboards.

Rip off 1-foot-long pieces of tape, which are easier to handle. Apply them to the intended area in a straight line. Start in the middle of each piece, smoothing it down with a finger or putty knife as you go. If any pieces bubble or lay unevenly, it’s best to pull them up and try again.

Step 3: Remove the tape as soon as you’re done painting. 

While painter’s tape can usually remain in place for hours—or even days—without causing any damage to the surface underneath, it’s best to remove it as soon as possible to ensure the best results.

Slowly peel the tape off the trim at a 45-degree angle. If any sections don’t come off easily, a putty knife usually helps.

How to Use Painter’s Tape When Painting Trim

When it’s time to paint your trim, you’ll need to protect your walls, floors, and ceiling from becoming covered in paint.

Step 1: Apply tape to the floor, whether it’s carpeting or a hard surface. 

When painting trim, painter’s tape can be used to protect hard flooring like wood and tile as well as carpeting. It’s especially important to protect wall-to-wall carpeting from paint because it’s really hard to get paint out of carpet.

Ensure that the floor is clean, and then apply a wide piece of painter’s tape along the edge where the baseboards meet the ground, working one foot at a time. For carpets, use a putty knife to tack the tape down so that no carpeting is exposed to paint while you work.

Step 2: Use tape to protect your walls from paint. 

The next step is applying painter’s tape to the walls where they meet the trim. Ensure that walls are clean and free of dust before applying the tape along all of the trim.

If you painted your walls first, it’s important to wait 24 hours—or until the paint has dried completely—before using painter’s tape to ensure the paint doesn’t peel off when it’s removed.

Tried-and-True Advice

“Choosing the correct painters tape for the surface makes a big difference for me. It ensures the tape adheres and functions as it should. I find it easier to tape long surfaces with a partner. Together, we pull out the correct length of tape and line it up before setting over the surface. While not mandatory, it does make for even lines with less fuss.

At the end of the day, taping is tedious and takes time to get everything perfect. Don’t rush and pay attention to the details. It will make for a cleaner and better looking paint job when everything is finished.”

—Zach Lazzari, Contributing Writer

Step 3: Apply painter’s tape to the ceiling. 

If your trim includes crown molding or any other style of molding that abuts the ceiling, the ceiling will need to be protected. It would be easy to assume that white trim paint won’t be noticeable on a ceiling, but trims are typically painted with semi-gloss paint, whereas it’s generally recommended that ceilings are painted with flat paint.

Apply paint along the upper edge of the trim, smoothing it down as you work.

How to Use Painter’s Tape When Painting a Ceiling

When painting a ceiling, protect your walls—especially if they’re freshly painted. Similarly, if the space has crown molding, tape can be used to maintain its crisp, white color.

Step 1: Apply tape along the edges of the ceiling. 

If the room in question doesn’t have an upper molding, apply painter’s tape directly onto the walls where they meet the ceiling. If the walls have recently been painted, make sure they have dried completely.

Ensure the tape lies perfectly flush with the edge of the ceiling and doesn’t have any bubbles or ripples. Take your time—it’s important to ensure the tape is straight.

Step 2: Apply painter’s tape to the crown molding.

If the room has a molding that meets the ceiling, use the same technique detailed above, applying the tape to the molding instead.

Press down the edges of the tape using your fingers or a putty knife, ensuring it adheres to the molding. When working with a particularly detailed molding, this may require a bit more time.

Step 3: Remove the tape as soon as you’re done painting. 

Once you’ve finished painting the ceiling, remove the tape from the walls or moldings as soon as possible. If the paint has already dried, you may need to use the straight edge of a putty knife to score the tape in order to cleanly peel it away without causing the ceiling paint to chip.

The prices listed here are accurate as of February 11, 2025.

The post How to Use Painter’s Tape the Right Way appeared first on Bob Vila.

Trash cans may interrupt the vibe an otherwise beautifully designed bedroom sanctuary, or take up floor space where you least want them to but one thing is for sure: Like it or not, trash cans are part of our everyday lives. We use them all the time, and every home has at least a few of them. With these rubbish receptacles being such a normal part of our days, it only makes sense to know their typical sizes and the rooms in the home that they’re best suited for. 

Trash can sizes are described by volume and measured in gallons or liters. Once you have a better idea of the most common trash can sizes, you’ll be in a better position to choose the best trash can for any room in the house—and the right can sizes for your outdoor use, too.

1. 1- to 4-Gallon Trash Can

These small receptacles include the typical bathroom trash can as well as countertop composting containers and bins that can be suspended from a countertop, hung inside a cabinet, or mounted to a wall. Not only are these real space-savers, but their small size encourages frequent emptying, which cuts down on odors. Trash cans in this size range are also handy for lint disposal by the dryer or use in any room where small bits of trash accumulate slowly. Bathroom trash cans often come with hands-free lids, whether in the form of a sensor or a foot-activated lever, allowing the user to throw out waste without touching the can. They’re also available with swinging or tightly sealing lids, or no lid at all. Expect heights to top out around 15 inches with the lid closed, depending on the configuration and capacity of the can.

Note: If you’re shopping for a lidded trash can for a tight space, make sure there will be enough room for the lid to open fully.

Best For: Bathrooms, kitchen compost, hanging or wall-mounted kitchen bins, bedrooms

Our Recommendations:
For bathrooms: Simplehuman 1.2-Gallon Round Stainless Steel Step-On Trash Can at Amazon for $29.99 This highly rated receptacle features a removable inner bucket for easy disposal and comes in four finishes, including fingerprint-proof stainless.
For narrow spaces: Cesun 1.6-Gallon Small Bathroom Stainless Steel Trash Can With Lid, Soft Close and Step-On at Amazon for $34.97 Offering the twin convenience of a removable inner bucket and a narrow footprint, this rectangular can works well in tight spaces—for instance, next to the dryer or in that awkward spot between the toilet and vanity.
For bedrooms: Umbra Woodrow 2-Gallon Wooden Trash Can at Umbra for $30 This stylish wooden trash can has an integrated handle and comes in a range of appealing colors. 

2. 5- to 8-Gallon Trash Can

The 5- to 8-gallon trash can is a popular trash can size that works well in larger bathrooms, home offices, rec rooms, and even small kitchens. This is also a good option for a recycling bin stashed in a kitchen cabinet. Trash cans in this size range vary widely in height and style, offering an opportunity to use an otherwise utilitarian accessory to add a little whimsy or decorative flair to a room.

A trash can at the low end of this range could also be a practical addition to an entryway. Elissa Hall, lead designer at vacation rental management firm awning.com, notes, “Rather than allowing trash mail and packaging to clutter living areas, a compact, fashionable bin in the entryway is quite useful for disposal as you enter your home.” 

Best for: Larger bathrooms, small kitchens, offices

Our recommendations:
For the bathroom: Amazon Basics 5.3-Gallon Cylindrical Trash Can at Amazon for $49.31 A solid choice that ticks all the boxes: foot pedal operation, soft-close lid, brushed stainless steel finish, and a removable pail for easy clean-up.

For a small kitchen: Brabantia 8-Gallon NewIcon Step Trash Can at Brabantia for $105 A slim profile, colors that range from staid to playful, and a removable inner bucket make this a stylish option. 

For a home office: Rubbermaid Commercial Products Concept Collection Mesh Metal Trash Can at Amazon for $17.97 Just under 14 inches tall, this 5-gallon silver mesh basket fits tidily under a desk. The epoxy-coated steel receptacle has a vinyl ring at the bottom to protect floors from scratches.

3. 10- to 20-Gallon Trash Can

The 10- to 20-gallon trash can is the real workhouse in the trash collecting world. This is the size of the typical kitchen trash can, big enough to handle food scraps, food packaging, discarded paper goods, and other household garbage, but not so big that it takes up too much floor space. In the kitchen, this size trash can is almost always used with a standard 13-gallon trash bag or can liner, which keeps the can cleaner and makes trash disposal easier.

Depending on the size of a kitchen trash can and the configuration of the kitchen, the trash can may sit on the floor or be installed inside a cabinet and roll out on tracks. If kept out in plain sight, the kitchen trash can usually has a lid, typically operated by a pedal, touch, motion, or even voice. Hall recommends avoiding the tired, old plastic can with a swinging lid, or no lid at all: “The traditional fragile plastic bin…seems antiquated and sometimes attracts unpleasant comments. 

This size trash can is also a good fit in a craft room or homework space, and is a nice size for collecting recycling. 

Best for: Kitchens, craft rooms, recycling

Our recommendation: Simplehuman 10-Gallon Rectangular Kitchen Step Trash Can at Amazon for $99.99
A perennial online favorite, the Simplehuman can is available in brushed stainless steel, matte black, or white. The hinge on the quiet, slow-close lid prevents it from banging against the wall, and the lid can be set to stay open as long as needed, making it easier to change the trash bag.

4. 30- to 48-Gallon Trash Can

Cans in the 30- to 48-gallon size range are usually found outside, where their main job is to hold multiple bags of garbage securely beneath a lid until trash day.

These large outdoor trash cans can serve other purposes too. They’re great in the home workshop and for collecting yard debris like leaves and sticks. These are also the cans you stick out by the deck or porch when you’re hosting a party so your guests can toss out their discarded paper plates and other trash. Cans in this size range are usually a good fit for standard outdoor trash and contractor-style garbage bags. 

Best For: Outdoor trash and yard debris

Our Recommendations:
Loose lid: Roughneck 32-Gallon Easy Out Wheeled Trash Can at The Home Depot for $34.97 The Roughneck 32-gallon trash can features plenty of volume and built-in wheels for easy rolling. 

Hinged lid: Rubbermaid Commercial Products Brute Rollout Trash Can With Wheels at Amazon for $160.45 It’s pricey, but this 32-gallon can is also extremely sturdy. It features durable wheels and a hinged lid, and it’s compatible with automated curbside collection (but first check with your municipality).

5. 64- to 96-Gallon Trash Can

Very large trash cans, like those in the 64- to 96-gallon range, are for wheeling to the curb on trash day. They usually have large wheels and handles that make them easy to move. They usually feature hinged lids to trap odors and keep pests away; the attached lid has the added benefit of not getting lost or damaged on trash day.

Smaller households may be fine with a 64-gallon trash can (or even a can or two in the 32-gallon range) to handle a week’s worth of garbage, or several weeks’ worth of recycling. Cans larger than 64 gallons are best reserved for very large households or those with every-other-week trash pickup since they hold a lot of garbage.

Best for: Trash storage and garbage pickup services

Our recommendation: Toter Black 96-Gallon Can at The Home Depot for $124
With built-in wheels, a hinged lid, plenty of volume, and sturdy construction, the Toter 96-gallon can is great for large families or households with biweekly trash pickup. It’s designed to be compatible with automated and semi-automated curbside collection (but check with your municipality first).

When Does the Trash Can Really Need a Lid?

Outdoor garbage cans require lids, and hinged lids are usually best because loose lids are so easily lost or damaged. But do you need a lid for indoor trash cans? There are certainly rooms where a lid might get in the way of easy access to the can, such as kids’ rooms, the home office, or a rec room. But in any of the following situations, you probably want to opt for a lid:

• Wherever odor control is important, especially in kitchens and bathrooms
• Wherever food regularly gets tossed out, even if that’s a rec room or game room
• Wherever pests are a problem, such as bugs and mice in the kitchen
• Wherever pets like to graze, whether they swipe a chicken bone from the kitchen trash or smelly tissues from the bathroom
• Wherever aesthetics matter: Do you really want guests looking at your used cotton swabs?

Prices listed here are accurate as of February 11, 2025.

The post The Right Trash Can Sizes for Every Room of Your Home appeared first on Bob Vila.

Linoleum is a classic and resilient material, often found in high-traffic spaces like kitchens, bathrooms, and hallways. Because the bond between linoleum and its adhesive actually strengthens over time, you’ll need a few special tricks up your sleeve—and a good measure of patience—when you’re ready to rip out outdated linoleum flooring. If you’re thinking about updating your space and wondering how to remove linoleum flooring, follow these steps.

Before You Begin 

While the terms are often used interchangeably (even by flooring salespeople), linoleum and vinyl flooring are not the same thing, and they do not behave the same way during removal. Before removing any flooring, your first step is to confirm that your flooring is, indeed, linoleum. Removing vinyl flooring is a different process altogether.

Though linoleum is made of natural materials, if your linoleum flooring was installed before 1980, there’s a good chance that it contains asbestos in its backing paper. When asbestos is disturbed, it can release carcinogenic fibers into the air.

Before pulling up linoleum flooring, use a home kit or hire a pro to test it for asbestos, and hire a qualified contractor to remove it if you find any. Among other requirements, removing asbestos requires wearing safety gear and disposal into approved disposal bags. We advise that asbestos removal be done only by professionals; some municipalities even prohibit homeowners from removing the material themselves.

After confirming the linoleum does not contain asbestos, follow these steps to learn how to remove old linoleum flooring.

How to Pull Up Linoleum Flooring

Step 1: Score the flooring into 6- to 12-inch strips.

Working in small sections with a utility knife, score the flooring into strips about 6 to 12 inches wide. If your linoleum features a tile pattern, you can use the outlines of the tiles as general guides to show where to score. Proceed carefully and don’t cut all the way through the material to avoid damage to the floor underneath, particularly if it’s hardwood that will become the new finished floor.

Tried-and-True Advice

“I find that a hair dryer or heat gun really helps to soften glue while releasing the linoleum from the floor. It helps to have an extra person [to pull up flooring],  but you can complete the job solo while scoring the flooring to remove in small sections.

Take your time and use a scraper to remove glue while it’s soft. The glue is often more difficult [to remove] than the flooring itself, and it will require some cleaning time even after the flooring is cleared.”

—Zach Lazzari, Contributing Writer

Step 2: Remove the top layer of flooring material.

To fully remove linoleum, you’ll need to tackle both of its layers: The top is a layer of flooring material that should come off fairly easily, and the bottom is a paper backing with adhesive. Removing the latter can be a challenge.

Remove the entire top layer of linoleum first before going back later to pull up any remaining paper backing or adhesive. Start by working your scraper or the edge of your oscillating multi-tool underneath one of your score marks. Then, push forward to bring up the top of the linoleum. Keep working in small sections until you have removed the entire first layer.

Step 3: Remove the underlying paper backing and/or adhesive.

To remove any remaining backing, apply heat to the floor in small sections using a wallpaper steamer (a heat gun or even a hair dryer set on high can also work in a pinch). Soften a small section with your chosen heat source, and scrape up the adhesive, working at a 45-degree angle and being careful not to gouge the subfloor as you work. Move section by section until all the backing and adhesive has been removed.

If you come across particularly stubborn spots, apply some isopropyl alcohol or paint thinner to the area and allow the solvent to sit according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Proceed to scrape away the remainder of the adhesive, again working at a 45-degree angle.

Step 4: Dispose of the old linoleum properly.

Linoleum is made of natural materials. Unless the vintage linoleum flooring contains asbestos, there is no need to take special steps to dispose of it. While it can be bagged and picked up by the regular trash pickup, there are more sustainable alternatives.

Many areas have local recycling centers that will take linoleum. There also are some composting centers around the country that accept linoleum—or you can add asbestos-free linoleum to your backyard composting bin.

Final Thoughts 

Updating old flooring like linoleum can have a huge impact on the home’s style. While removing linoleum flooring is a DIY project, it’s best handled by a professional if it contains asbestos. If the floor is asbestos-free, remember that the removal process is a marathon, not a sprint. With patience and the right tools, you can rid your rooms of linoleum and lay the groundwork for a new floor, and a whole new look.

FAQs

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Water-saving shower heads are not just environmentally sound choices but also budget-friendly ones. The average American family uses 40 gallons of water each day just from showering. According to the Environmental Protection Agency, these families could save 2,700 gallons of water per year by switching to a certified low-flow shower head for the tub or shower. 

Low-flow fixtures are designed to efficiently use a smaller volume of water, either by aerating the water steam or using a high-speed oscillation stream. After reviewing dozens of highly-rated models and testing a select few, our top pick is the Kohler Forté 1.75 GPM Shower Head, thanks to its aerating technology, three settings, and multiple finishes.

We also asked Danny Pen, President of New Era Plumbing & HVAC in Dracut, Massachusetts, for his expert opinion on what consumers should look for in low-flow shower heads. Read on to discover some of the best water-saving shower heads on today’s market and key shopping considerations.

1. BEST OVERALL: Kohler Forté 1.75 GPM Shower Head
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2. RUNNER-UP: Lokby 1.8 GPM Handheld Shower Head
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3. BEST BANG FOR THE BUCK: High Sierra’s 1.5 GPM Fixed Shower Head
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4. UPGRADE PICK: Pulse ShowerSpas 1.8 GPM Kauai III Shower Head
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5. BEST HANDHELD: Moen Engage Magnetix 1.75 GPM Handheld Shower Head
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6. BEST COMBINATION: Delta Faucet In2ition 1.75 GPM 2-in-1 Shower Head
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7. BEST SPRAY SETTINGS: Moen Attract Magnetix 1.75 GPM Showerhead Combo
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8. BEST HIGH-PRESSURE: Waterpik BodyWand 1.8 GPM Shower Head 
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Our Top Picks

Our recommendations for the best shower heads for water conservation consider flow rate, spray settings, style, and additional features—and of course, manufacturer reputation and overall product quality.

Best Overall

Kohler Forté 1.75 GPM Shower Head

See It

Pros

• Sleek, modern look; available in several finishes
• Aerating technology incorporates air into the water flow
• Great for low water pressure
• Has 3 flow settings

Cons

• Plastic parts may impact long-term durability

Specs

• Type: Fixed
• Flow rate: 1.75 GPM
• Spray settings: 3

The Kohler Forté is an aerating shower head that incorporates 2 liters of air per minute into the water flow, which results in fuller water droplets that replicate the feeling of being caught in a powerful rainstorm. Because of its low 1.75-GPM (gallons per minute) flow rate, the Forté standard shower head can even be used in states with particularly tight water restrictions, such as California. 

We appreciate the three flow settings on the shower head, which include full coverage, pulsating massage, and silk spray—each provide a unique sensation, and it’s easy to switch between settings by maneuvering the head’s thumb tab. It is available in a standard polished chrome finish as well as a few other finish options. Installation is a breeze because its washers come pre-installed, meaning the shower head can be up and running in minutes.

Get the Kohler water-saving shower head at Amazon, The Home Depot, Wayfair, or Kohler.

Runner-up

Lokby 1.8 GPM Handheld Shower Head

See It

Pros

• Compressing silicone nozzles allow for excellent water pressure
• Adjustable shower head with 6 spray functions 
• Features a 59-inch shower hose and button control 
• Comes in multiple color options 

Cons

• Some users have reported poor water pressure

Specs

• Type: Handheld 
• Flow rate: 1.8 GPM 
• Spray settings: 6 

Anyone who wants to save on water consumption while enjoying a spa-like shower will want to take a good look at this model from Lokby. This option has compressing nozzles on its 5-inch head that increase the water pressure to provide up to 1.8 GPMs of water. It has over six spray modes including massage, rain, power rain, mist, and rain plus mist to accommodate virtually any user’s preference. This Lokby shower head also has a 59-inch hose, which is perfect for bathing children as well as pets. 

For added user-friendliness, this shower head has a button for turning the flow on and off. Need more? The Lokby shower head has silicone jets to resist any material buildup and is easy to install with the included bracket that has a 60-degree pivot, making this unit function as a fixed or handheld shower head. 

What our tester says: Kristen Mosier, a Bob Vila product tester and staff writer, notes in The Best Handheld Shower Heads that “this shower head is an excellent option for bathing young children. A convenient off button lets the operator turn the shower off from the head, while silicone jets keep this shower head functioning properly by resisting buildup from hard water. It was easy to install and features a bracket that attaches to the spigot with a 60-degree pivot.” 

Get the Lokby water-saving shower head at Amazon or Walmart.

Best Bang for the Buck

High Sierra's 1.5 GPM Fixed Shower Head

See It

Pros

• Surprisingly powerful spray emitted
• Features durable, contemporary design
• 4 flow rate options available

Cons

• Only has 1 spray setting

Specs

• Type: Fixed 
• Flow rate: 1.25, 1.5, 1.8, or 2 GPM
• Spray settings: 1

High Sierra’s fixed shower head produces a surprisingly powerful spray despite its affordable price. This low-flow model is available in four flow rate options (1.25, 1.5, 1.8, or 2 GPM), which allows households to choose the best option depending on their home’s water pressure.

Because all of this fixture’s parts are made from metal, it should be fairly durable and long lasting. One of the High Sierra’s only disadvantages is that it only has one spray setting, and it may be too powerful for some users (or for bathing young children). It’s available in polished chrome, nickel, oil-rubbed bronze, and polished brass finishes.

What our tester says: Shannon Lee, a Bob Vila writer and product tester, notes in the Best High-Pressure Shower Heads, “The patented nozzle delivers a robust and full spray of large water drops for a powerful experience and minimal water usage. I found the installation to be a snap—no surprise, considering the simplicity.”

Get the High Sierra water-saving shower head at Amazon, The Home Depot, Walmart, or High Sierra.

Upgrade Pick

Pulse ShowerSpas 1.8 GPM Kauai III Shower Head

See It

Pros

• Includes a rainfall shower head and handheld head
• High-quality and durable materials all come pre-plumbed 
• Heads can be used simultaneously or separately 
• Available in multiple finishes

Cons

• More pricey than other options

Specs

• Type: Combination 
• Flow rate: 1.8 or 2.5 GPM
• Spray settings: 5

There are many water-saving shower heads on the market, but most don’t come with the bells and whistles one may want for a luxurious shower experience. The Kauai III shower system from Pulse ShowerSpas, however, has both an 8-inch rain shower head and a multifunctional handheld head, which can be used together or separately. The hand shower has jet, wide, massage, and combination spray modes. What’s most impressive is that this fixture uses only 1.8 GPM. This shower is also available with a 2.5 GPM flow rate. 

Though the design may look complex and difficult to install, this shower head with hose comes pre-plumbed so it’s possible to install without remodeling the entire shower. Along with chrome, the Kauai III dual shower head is also available in brushed gold, oil-rubbed bronze, matte black, and brushed nickel finishes. 

Get the Pulse ShowerSpas water-saving shower head at The Home Depot, Amazon, Wayfair, Walmart, or Pulse ShowerSpas.

Best Handheld

Moen Engage Magnetix 1.75 GPM Handheld Shower Head

See It

Pros

• Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) compliant
• Easy to use and store
• Has 6 spray settings

Cons

• Pressure can be low when using certain settings

Specs

• Type: Combination 
• Flow rate: 1.75 GPM
• Spray settings: 6

Handheld shower heads are a great choice for those with limited mobility, and this model from Moen complies with ADA specifications. With the Engage magnetic shower head docking system, gone are the days of trying to hook the shower head back on its dock while rinsing shampoo. Clicking the Moen’s head with hose attachment back into its magnetic base is super easy and requires minimal manual dexterity. 

We like this shower head’s impressive settings, including downpour, relaxing massage, regular massage, soothing massage, and rinse. With a 1.75 GPM flow rate, it complies with U.S. federal and state regulations. Because it only comes in brushed nickel and chrome finishes, it probably isn’t the best choice for those who want to coordinate with black, brass, or white fixtures in the bathroom.

Get the Moen Engage water-saving shower head at Amazon, Lowe’s, or Target.

Best Combination

Delta Faucet In2ition 1.75 GPM 2-in-1 Shower Head

See It

Pros

• Features a handy pause function
• Available in 3 finishes
• Detachable handheld sprayer has a magnetic connector 

Cons

• Some users have reported manufacturing defects

Specs

• Type: Combination 
• Flow rate: 1.75 GPM
• Spray settings: 5

Finding a high-quality, water-saving combination shower head isn’t easy because lower-flow water pressure feels even lower when the water is diverted between two heads. This Delta In2ition chrome shower head, however, provides a satisfying sensory experience using just 1.75 gallons of water per minute. 

The handheld and fixed shower heads can be used simultaneously as one docked unit or separately, and the handheld piece is easily clicked into place using a magnetic connector. Spray settings include full body spray and full spray with massage as well as fast or slow massage. The fixture also has a pause function, which comes in handy when bathing kids or pets. 

In addition to a chrome finish, Delta’s combination shower head is also available in spotshield brushed nickel and Venetian bronze. 

Get the Delta Faucet water-saving shower head at Amazon, Lowe’s, or The Home Depot.

Best Spray Settings

Moen Attract Magnetix 1.75 GPM Showerhead Combo

See It

Pros

• Has a magnetic handheld and rain shower head 
• Provides ample coverage
• Available in 4 finishes

Cons

• Reported issues regarding the handheld showerhead’s locking system

Specs

• Type: Combination 
• Flow rate: 1.75 GPM
• Spray settings: 1 rain shower option; 6 additional handheld settings

Just because a shower head saves on water doesn’t mean that it can’t provide high pressure. For those who love high water pressure in their shower, the Moen Attract rain shower combo delivers. This model has a rain shower function and a handheld option that provides six different spray patterns. 

The magnetic docking system on the handheld unit keeps the head in place when not in use and is easy to take on and off the dock. Plus, the handheld shower head comes with a pause button to cease the 1.75 GPM spray. The 6.75-inch rain shower head as well as the 3.75-inch handheld head are wide enough for ample coverage in the shower. 

Get the Moen Attract water-saving shower head at The Home Depot, Amazon, or Moen.

Best High-Pressure

Waterpik BodyWand 1.8 GPM Shower Head

See It

Pros

• Dual shower head construction accommodates multiple washing purposes 
• Easy-to-clean construction
• Soft comb, gentle rinse, and scalp massage functions 

Cons

• Some parts can squeak when moved

Specs

• Type: Combination 
• Flow rate: 1.8 GPM
• Spray settings: 7

The Waterpik BodyWand with PowerPulse massage option uses 1.8 GPM and offers seven different spray settings.

Rinse out shampoo and conditioner by using the body wand, which has soft comb and gentle rinse settings, then finish the hair regimen by engaging the scalp massage function. The rain shower head has four settings that will satisfy most sensory whims, from a gentle misting shower to powerful, pulsing massages—or a setting somewhere in the middle. Thanks to the fixture’s diverter, users can use the wand and rain shower head together or separately. 

Get the Waterpik water-saving shower head at Amazon, Ace Hardware, Target, or Bed Bath & Beyond.

Jump to Our Top Picks

How We Chose the Best Water-Saving Shower Heads

The best water-saving shower heads save on the bills while not skimping too much on water pressure. No one wants a disappointing shower that can’t provide a relaxing blast of water. As such, we have gathered our top picks in this category to provide shoppers with a range of options to choose from according to their preferences.

When curating our list of shower heads for water conservation, we looked at shower head types—such as fixed, handheld, and combination heads—and suggested our top picks in each category, which will ensure users get the best experience, no matter what type of head they’re looking for.

We made sure that our list includes only products that boast high-quality and durable materials, are easy to install and maintain, and have the ability to both save water and still provide a decent shower experience.

What to Consider When Choosing a Water-Saving Shower Head

A quality, water-conserving shower head should use less than 2 gallons of water per minute but still produce a powerful stream of water. It should be easy to install, and complement your bathroom’s decor. 

According to Pen, these bathroom fixtures not only save you money, but can protect your plumbing. “Lower water usage means your water heater cycles less frequently, reducing wear and extending its lifespan. But, you need to choose it wisely: cheap models can lead to uneven spray patterns or quicker mineral buildup,” he says.

Keep reading to learn about some of the most important qualities to consider when shopping for the best water-saving shower head.

Type

Though it’s easy to assume that all shower heads work the same, several characteristics can affect their functionality. Shower heads generally fit into one of three categories, each with its own advantages. 

• Fixed shower heads are mounted to the wall and vary in size and shape. They are usually the most affordable type of shower head, but they may or may not have adjustable spray settings. One type of fixed shower head is the rain shower head, which has a larger head than most and produces a gentle, sprinkling flow of water. 
• Handheld shower heads are attached to the wall via a mounting bracket. This type of detachable shower head has a long, flexible hose that can be unhooked from the wall and grasped in the hand, so the bather can direct water where they want it. When the head is kept in the bracket it functions as a fixed, hands-free shower head. Handheld shower heads are particularly useful for those with limited mobility, or those who want flexibility while bathing kids or pets. The price of handheld shower heads is usually higher than that of their fixed-head counterparts. 
• Combination, or 3-way shower heads, have both a fixed and a handheld shower head. A 3-way diverter allows each of the two heads to be used simultaneously or independently. Because of water-flow rate regulations, however, water pressure is reduced when both heads are used at the same time. 

Material

Most shower heads have both metal and plastic parts. Those made from stainless steel or solid brass are the most durable and resist rusting and corrosion; fixtures with a lot of plastic parts are typically lower-end models. When shopping for water-saving shower heads, keep an eye out for those that have solid brass or stainless steel connectors because these materials will hold up better over time. The one part of a shower head where plastic is preferred to metal is the nozzle. Silicone nozzles require little to no maintenance and do not clog as easily as metal nozzles. 

Whether your shower fixture contains silicone or stainless steel parts, it’s important to note that the materials the fixture is made of aren’t always obvious. Because metal and plastic parts can be finished with decorative coatings to complement various bathroom decor styles, plastic parts might look like chrome or brass parts like antique black. Be sure to research each model carefully to know what kind of quality you are getting.

Type

When it comes to water conservation, there are two main types of shower heads: aerating and laminar-flow. Though each uses less water than a regular shower head, they compensate for the reduced water pressure in different ways.

• Aerating shower heads mix water and air to mimic the sensation of higher water pressure. Most low-flow shower heads on the market use this method to conserve water. One disadvantage of an aerating shower head is the aeration process cools water slightly before it hits your skin, so bathers may end up taking hotter showers—and paying more to heat the water—than they would otherwise. 
• Laminar-flow shower heads use individual streams of water. They can be more expensive than aerating shower heads, but they’re ideal for use in humid climates because they create less steam and mist. 

Flow Rate

While standard shower heads are mandated by the U.S. Department of Energy to produce no more than 2.5 gallons of water per minute (GPM), low-flow shower heads are allowed to produce a maximum of 2 GPM. Products labeled with the Environmental Protection Agency’s WaterSense logo are certified to use less than 2 GPM. 

The flow rates of most shower heads that limit water usage range from 1.5 to 2 GPM. Before you run out and buy the lowest-flow shower head you can find, however, think first about your home’s water pressure. The Environmental Protection Agency flow rates assume a water pressure of 80 pounds per square inch (PSI). If the water pressure in your home is lower than that, a low-flow shower head may not be the best option for you. Residences with water pressure issues might benefit from a high-flow shower head for low water pressure instead. 

Spray Settings

Most shower heads on the market feature a variety of spray settings that emit water in different patterns. These settings can be changed by an adjustment ring or lever on the edge of the shower head. 

• A massage or pulse setting eases muscle pain and tension. 
• A low-pressure spray function is gentle and safe to use when bathing infants. 
• A strong spray is useful for rinsing out shampoo and conditioner.
• A pause setting on handheld shower heads is useful when cleaning the shower, or when bathing children or pets.
• A combination setting mixes several spray patterns at once. 

Aesthetic

Shower heads come in a wide variety of different finishes. While the most basic models are only available with a stainless steel finish, many manufacturers make fixtures in oil-rubbed bronze, polished brass, chrome, brushed nickel, matte black, and other finishes. There are advantages and disadvantages to the various finishes too: shower faucets and fixtures with matte finishes are less likely to show water stains and fingerprints, while metals with high-shine finishes tend to be more durable over time. Most buyers want their bathroom fixtures to match and will choose a shower head that matches the tub and sink faucets, drawer pulls, and towel racks. 

Installation

Though the idea of replacing or installing a shower head may sound intimidating, it’s actually an easy DIY project that requires fairly basic tools. A wrench, plumber’s tape and screwdriver is all you need to install most shower heads on the market; they don’t require drilling or installing mounting equipment.

Installing a low-pressure shower head is really no different from installing a standard shower head. Because the size of shower spigots is standardized to 1/2 inch, compatibility between models should not be an issue. 

If you’re after an easy shower head installation, Pen recommends paying attention to the connector. “Look for metal connectors, because they are more durable and with them you will not have a problem of cross-threading during installation,” he advises.

FAQs 

Here are answers to some frequently asked questions about water-saving shower heads. 

Why Trust Bob Vila

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Over the course of his decades-long career, Bob Vila has helped millions of people build, renovate, repair, and live better each day—a tradition that continues today with expert yet accessible home advice. The Bob Vila team distills need-to-know information into project tutorials, maintenance guides, tool 101s, and more. These home and garden experts then thoroughly research, vet, and recommend products that support homeowners, renters, DIYers, and professionals in their to-do lists.

The post The Best Water-Saving Shower Heads of 2025 to Add to Your Bathroom appeared first on Bob Vila.

Few things can transform your daily routine like finding the perfect shower head for low water pressure. If you’ve ever endured a shower that feels more like a drizzle, you know how frustrating it can be. Fortunately, today’s shower head technology has come a long way, offering clever solutions that boost water pressure without increasing water usage. Whether you’re dealing with an older plumbing system, water-saving restrictions, or just want to elevate your shower game, the right shower head can make all the difference.

After testing a variety of models, we discovered some real standouts. Our favorite was the Speakman S-2005-HB, a budget-friendly option that surprised us with its size, power, and performance. This shower head delivered a truly invigorating spray that turned even the weakest water flow into a spa-like experience—all without breaking the bank. But it’s not the only option worth considering. From handheld models to rain-style heads, there’s something on our list for everyone. We even included a few units that we didn’t test ourselves, but that we think are excellent choices to add to our lineup nonetheless.

In the sections ahead, we’ll share the results of our hands-on testing, along with our top picks for the best shower heads for low water pressure, so stick around for some practical shopping tips to help you find the perfect match for your bathroom needs.

1. BEST OVERALL: Speakman Hotel S-2005-HB Shower Head
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2. BEST BANG FOR THE BUCK: SparkPod Power Pressure Shower Head
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3. BEST DESIGN: The Jolie Skin Co Filtered Shower Head
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4. BEST WITH FILTER: Afina A-01 Filtered Shower Head
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5. BEST RAIN: Grohe Euphoria Rain Shower Head
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6. BEST HANDHELD: H02ME High-Pressure Handheld Shower Head
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7. BEST CEILING MOUNT: SR Sunrise Ceiling Mount Shower System
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Product Comparison

Our Top Picks

We tested the best shower heads for low water pressure, and the following models stood out from the competition. From budget-friendly powerhouses to sleek rain-style designs, these picks will upgrade your shower game.

Best Overall

Speakman Hotel S-2005-HB Shower Head

See It

What We Like

• Powerful massage spray, best in our testing
• Smooth and easy-to-use spray adjuster
• Budget-friendly without sacrificing quality
• Quick installation with included plumber’s tape

What We Don’t Like

• Limited to three spray settings

Specs 

• Material: Plastic
• Spray settings: Intense, massage, and combination
• Installation: Easy

Our Ratings: Installation 5/5; Appearance 4/5; Performance 5/5; Design 4.5/5; Value 5/5 

When we first took the Speakman Hotel S-2005-HB out of the box, we were surprised by its size—it’s bigger than we expected, but not in a bad way. Installing it was a breeze thanks to the thoughtful inclusion of a roll of plumber’s tape (a handy touch, especially since many shower heads don’t come with this). Within minutes, it was up and running, ready to transform our lackluster water pressure into something impressive.

The standout feature for us was the spray adjuster. It has a smooth, weighty feel that suggests quality, and its design makes switching between the three spray settings effortless. The massage spray, in particular, was a game-changer. It is incredibly powerful—by far the strongest spray we tested—and it’s perfect for rinsing out shampoo thoroughly or working out muscle tension after a long day. If you’re someone who craves a high-pressure spray, this one delivers in spades.

What we love most about the S-2005-HB is its simplicity. There are no unnecessary bells and whistles; it’s just a straightforward shower head that does its job exceptionally well. Despite its budget-friendly price, it doesn’t look or feel cheap, and it outperformed competitors that cost more than ten times as much.

What our tester says: “For anyone looking to improve shower water pressure, this shower head is an absolute steal. It’s proof that you don’t need to spend a fortune to get a powerful, satisfying shower. I’m officially a huge fan.”—Paul Rankin, Product Reviews writer and tester

Get the Speakman shower head at Amazon, Lowe’s, The Home Depot, or Build with Ferguson. 

Best Bang for the Buck

SparkPod Power Pressure Shower Head

See It

What We Like

• Noticeable improvement in shower water pressure
• Easy installation with included plumber’s tape
• Simple spray adjustment by rotating the head
• Durable high-quality plastic at a budget price

What We Don’t Like

• Limited to basic spray settings
• Plastic construction may not appeal to everyone

Specs 

• Material: Plastic (ABS)
• Spray settings: Rain, pulsating massage, rain massage
• Installation: Easy

Our Ratings: Installation 5/5; Appearance 4/5; Performance 4.5/5; Design 4/5; Value 4.5/5 

The SparkPod is another shower head that’s quick and easy to install thanks to the included roll of plumber’s tape—always a nice bonus. Despite its affordable price, the outer shell is made of high-quality plastic that feels sturdy and durable, not flimsy or cheap. It’s a great example of a product that balances cost-effectiveness with solid performance.

What stood out most to us was the noticeable boost in water pressure it provided. The spray settings were simple to switch between by rotating the base of the head, making it an easy-to-use option for anyone. If you’re dealing with low water pressure and want a no-fuss solution, the SparkPod is a straightforward, budget-friendly choice that delivers a satisfying shower experience.

Get the Sparkpod shower head on Amazon or SparkPod.

Best Design

The Jolie Skin Co Filtered Shower Head

See It

What We Like

• Sleek, modern design elevates bathroom aesthetics
• Maintains strong water pressure despite filtration
• Gentle yet effective rainfall-style spray
• High-quality construction built to last

What We Don’t Like

• Higher price compared to other shower heads
• Limited spray settings for customization

Specs 

• Material: Plastic (ABS)
• Spray settings: Only one (rain)
• Installation: Easy

Our Ratings: Installation 5/5; Appearance 5/5; Performance 4/5; Design 5/5; Value 4/5 

The Jolie shower head is as stylish as it is functional, earning our top spot for design. Right out of the box, its sleek, modern aesthetic stood out, but what impressed us most was how well it maintained a consistent water pressure. Many filtered shower heads tend to reduce pressure, but the Jolie delivered a steady, rainfall-style spray that felt both powerful and relaxing. It’s a great option for anyone dealing with low water pressure but still wanting a luxurious shower experience.

While its filtration capabilities are a bonus, the real standout feature is how well it balances form and function. The gentle yet effective spray provides excellent coverage, and the water pressure felt consistent even in a home with typically lackluster pressure. This design makes the Jolie ideal for those who want to upgrade their bathroom’s style without sacrificing performance.

Though it’s priced on the higher end, the Jolie’s high-quality build, modern design, and impressive performance make it worth the investment. If you’re looking for a shower head that combines powerful water pressure with eye-catching aesthetics, the Jolie is a clear winner.

Read our full review: Jolie Shower Head Review

Get the Jolie filtered shower head on Amazon or Jolie Skin Co.

BEST RAIN

Grohe Euphoria Rain Shower Head

See It

What We Like

• Large surface area gives a wide spray
• Attractive design
• Decent price for the size

What We Don’t Like

• Doesn’t really improve water pressure

Specs

• Material: Metal with chrome finish
• Spray settings: Three
• Installation: Easy

Our Ratings: Installation 4.5/5; Appearance 5/5; Performance 4/5; Design 5/5; Value 4/5 

Grohe’s Euphoria rain shower head is a sleek and stylish upgrade for any modern bathroom. With its large 10-inch diameter, it delivers a true rain shower experience, covering you in a relaxing cascade of water. It’s available in chrome, matte black, and brushed nickel finishes, so you can match it to your existing fixtures, and it even comes with an optional extension arm if your current setup needs a little extra reach.

Installation was incredibly easy—we simply screwed it on with some of the included plumber’s tape, and it was good to go. The build quality is noticeably premium, and switching between spray settings is smooth and effortless. However, one thing to note is that this shower head seems to reduce water pressure rather than improve it. Our home’s water pressure is decent, but this model really needs high pressure to perform at its best. If you’re specifically looking to boost low water pressure, this may not be the right fit. But if you have solid pressure and want a luxurious rain shower feel, this one is worth considering.

Get the Grohe Euphoria shower head at Amazon, The Home Depot, Lowe’s, or Build with Ferguson.

Best with Filter

Afina A-01 Filtered Shower Head

See It

What We Like

• Elegant design and large shower head size
• Boosts water pressure noticeably during showers
• Comes with three filters and replacement discount
• Includes wrench, instructions, and plumber’s tape

What We Don’t Like

• Lacks intense spray settings for deeper cleaning
• Spray settings feel fairly standard, not innovative

Specs 

• Material: Plastic with chrome electroplated finish
• Spray settings: Only one
• Installation: Easy

Our Ratings: Installation 5/5; Appearance 5/5; Performance 4/5; Design 4.7/5; Value 5/5 

We were immediately impressed by the Afina filtered shower head, which was one of the most stylish options we tested. It arrived in a sleek, well-designed box, and the shower head itself is quite large, making it a statement piece in the bathroom. Installation was a breeze thanks to the included wrench, detailed instructions, and a generous roll of plumber’s tape. Afina even threw in three filters to keep it going strong for months, plus a 50% discount coupon for a replacement filter, which is a thoughtful touch. Afina recommends replacing the filter every 90 days. 

When it came to performance, the Afina delivered a noticeable boost in water pressure, even with our whole-house water filter already in place. There’s only one spray setting, and it’s pretty straighforward—don’t expect an ultra-pressurized massage setting like our top pick. Still, the spray was consistent and comfortable, making it a solid choice for everyday use.

Overall, the Afina combines good performance with plenty of thoughtful extras, from the spare filters to the handy tools and discounts. If you’re looking for a stylish filtered shower head with practical features and solid pressure, this one checks a lot of boxes.

What our tester says: “For folks living in low water-pressure households who also want filtered shower water, the Afina should be their go-to option. It looks great, and the company makes it easy—and affordable—to replace its filters every 3 months.”—Paul Rankin, Product Reviews writer and tester

Get the Afina filtered shower head on Amazon or Afina. 

More Great Options

While we didn’t test these shower heads ourselves, they come highly recommended for their performance and features, making them worthy contenders for tackling low water pressure.

Best Handheld

H02ME High-Pressure Handheld Shower Head

See It

What We Like

• Ergonomic handle is comfortable to use
• Long, flexible hose provides plenty of reach
• Sturdy chrome-plated plastic and steel build

What We Don’t Like

• Slightly heavy compared to other options

Specs 

• Material: Stainless steel hose with plastic head
• Spray settings: Powerful rain, massage, or mixed
• Installation: Medium

Using handheld shower heads with low pressure can produce a disappointing trickle that defeats the point of having a handheld model, but the HO2ME shower head with sprayer offers a solution with its turbocharging head. This internal structure compresses the water coming out of the nozzle, resulting in better pressure.

Its soft neoprene nozzles prevent buildup from hard water, and with its long ergonomic handle, the handheld unit fits comfortably in the hand for easy rinsing and washing. The durable stainless steel hose with brass fitting resists corrosion and wear.

This detachable shower head easily snaps on and off a bracket that connects near the water supply line, while a 79-inch-long hose provides enough slack for bathing a small child or rinsing those hard-to-reach spots. The large knob can toggle through three settings, including powerful rain, massage, and a combination “powerful massage” mode.

Get the H02ME shower head with hose on Amazon or Walmart.

Best Ceiling Mount

SR Sunrise Ceiling Mount Shower System

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What We Like

• Broad water coverage
• Includes handheld unit
• Durable brass-and-steel build
• Ultramodern design

What We Don’t Like

• Design is not adjustable
• Professional installation recommended

Specs 

• Material: Brass and stainless steel
• Spray settings: Rain shower head with additional handheld
• Installation: Difficult (professional required)

The luxury Sun Rise multi-head shower head offers a modern look and versatility, with a fixed head, a handheld unit, and even a valve body and trim. The large fixed shower head is 12 inches by 12 inches, creating a full rainfall experience. While this large fixture might seem like a luxury reserved for those with good water pressure, it’s not. This model features a high-pressure design that draws air into the valve to increase pressure.

The handheld unit attaches to the wall, providing a good option for rinsing conditioners out of hair. The valve body, shower arms, and handheld and fixed shower heads all sport a modern square look. All-metal construction and brass internal parts add durability, while the stainless steel housing with a brushed-nickel finish creates an elegant look. With its valve body and ceiling-mount shower head, installation for this set requires a professional.

Get the SR Sunrise adjustable shower head at Amazon or SR Sunrise.

Jump to Our Top Picks

How We Chose and Tested the Best Shower Heads for Low Water Pressure

To select our top shower heads, we started by researching more than 20 products from well-known and emerging brands. We focused on models that promised easy installation, strong water pressure, thoughtful design, and excellent overall value. We also carefully evaluated each product’s appearance, build quality, and extra features, such as adjustable spray settings and filtration systems.

All testing was conducted in the same bathroom to ensure consistent comparisons of water pressure and performance. We installed each shower head by following the manufacturer’s instructions and then tested each for at least one week. During testing, we assessed the ease of installation, the smoothness and functionality of spray adjustments, and overall water pressure and spray quality. We also considered the design and how well the product balanced form with function. Finally, we factored in value—examining whether each shower head’s price matched its performance and features.

Our picks represent the best combination of design, performance, and value across all the products we tested.

What to Consider When Choosing a Shower Head For Low Water Pressure 

Read on to learn about what factors to consider when picking the best shower head for a home with water-pressure problems. Considerations involve the shower head’s materials, spray settings, and efficiency, as well as style or taste.

Types of Shower Heads for Low Water Pressure 

There are two main types of shower head: fixed and handheld. Fixed shower heads attach directly to the shower supply line. They can support a wide variety of shower head shapes but have limited mobility. Handheld shower heads detach from a water supply line, adding versatility for rinsing hair, massaging sore muscle groups, or even bathing the family dog. Ahead, learn more about the two kinds of shower heads. 

Fixed 

A fixed shower head mounts directly to the shower faucet that extends from the wall. These types have a threaded opening that screws onto the arm either by hand or with a plumber’s crescent wrench. A ball joint between the head and arm allows the user to aim the water to meet different desired angles or water-flow needs. 

Most fixed shower heads have a knob or dial that makes it easy to switch between different spray patterns. Fixed models also come in various shapes, sizes, and finishes to meet a broad range of tastes. 

Handheld 

Handheld shower heads use a long hose, with one end attaching to a fixed head with a long handle and the other end connecting to the shower arm that extends from the wall. The end that attaches to the shower arm typically has a clip fixture that holds the head in place. When resting in the clip, the handheld type functions much like a fixed shower head. Unlike a fixed one, however, the handheld type can be slipped out of the clip fixture when you want to use it for more targeted spraying. 

Like fixed shower heads, handheld models have multiple spray settings and come in various designs and finishes. They are good options for parents needing to bathe young children or pets, for those with mobility issues, or for rinsing hair and washing up with a more precise stream.

Material

Most shower heads are made of a combination of metal, brass, and plastic. The internal parts typically consist of brass, which is highly resistant to corrosion and won’t rust. In most cases, the outer housing consists of either plastic or metal. 

While metal might seem like the more durable of the two, keep in mind that metal is more susceptible to water damage in the form of corrosion or rust than plastic is. That said, plastic is more likely to break if handled roughly. Metal finishes such as rubbed bronze and nickel are popular material options and hold up well in a wet environment. 

Most shower heads feature neoprene nozzles, which are easier to clean and do a better job of resisting hard-water buildup than metal or plastic nozzles. 

Style

Shower heads come in various shapes and sizes, including standard, rain, and handheld. 

• A standard style has a shape similar to a doorknob, with a broad face full of small nozzles from which water flows. The head mounts to the wall and sprays water at a downward angle. This type of head usually has a knob or dial to adjust the spray type. 
• Rain shower heads have a much broader round or square head that can be as big as 18 inches in diameter. They typically have long arms that allow the user to position them directly above one’s head. This large profile and overhead positioning mimic the feel of rainfall. A rain shower head provides more coverage than a standard one but at lower water pressure. 
• Handheld shower heads attach to a clip for removal and handheld use. They have a hose that is 5 to 6 feet long, capable of providing enough slack to let the user rinse their hair, apply high-intensity spray jets to sore muscles, or bathe a young child. The ability to fix these models in place or use them by hand makes them extra versatile.

Pressure

To get around issues of low water pressure, manufacturers have come up with multiple ways to create pressure in the shower head. One of the most innovative designs involves aeration, which draws in air from the surrounding environment to add pressure inside the head. This results in greater water pressure, albeit with a flow pattern more akin to mist than a true water stream. 

Other manufacturers use a series of plungers and channels inside the head that compress water flow to increase pressure. Some shower heads feature creative nozzle designs, using different spray patterns that feel intense even while using less water.

Spray Settings

Like standard types, low-pressure shower heads come with a wide range of settings that let the user adjust the water output for relaxation, massage, or hair rinsing. Common settings include rainfall, high-pressure jet, and blast, as well as a gentle spray setting and a fire-hose-like drench option. 

Basic models offer only one or two settings, though higher-end products can include up to six different flow patterns. Manufacturers may equip their shower heads with spray patterns that increase the intensity of the water for low water pressure.

Efficiency

The maximum flow rate for shower heads in the United States is 2.5 gallons per minute (GPM) at a water pressure of 80 psi. However, the Environmental Protection Agency recommends that homes use products with a lower flow of 1.8 GPM. Some states, such as California, limit the maximum flow of shower heads to 1.8 GPM. 

These lower-flow shower heads are the best option for those living in homes with low water pressure. Although this type of shower head uses less water, manufacturers use innovative designs that increase water pressure, making the user feel like more water is flowing. Shower heads that use less than 2 GPM have a WaterSense label from the EPA. 

Filter

Often, older homes or those on well water have water pressure problems. These homes can have older pipes or hard water that is more likely to leave mineral and sediment deposits inside a shower head, inhibiting the water flow and reducing already low water pressure to little more than a trickle. 

A good low-water-pressure shower head will have a replaceable or cleanable filter that removes these sediments before they can enter the head’s inner workings, ensuring a steady flow of water. 

A separate filter canister between the shower head and arm goes a step further. These filters remove additional impurities, like chlorine and heavy metals, that can damage skin and hair. 

Aesthetic

The best shower heads for low water pressure are offered in different finish options to match the user’s decor. These finishes typically include brushed nickel, chrome-plated, silver, and stylized rubbed bronze and black finishes. Shapes also vary. Rainfall types, for example, have a wide diameter and can come in round form or a more modern square shape. 

Rainfall heads can reach as much as 18 inches wide, making them a more conspicuous feature in the bathroom. Compact shower heads can be as small as 3 inches in diameter. These minimalist choices offer a more streamlined look with simple lines and understated designs. 

Installation

Installing a shower head is one of the easiest bathroom upgrades one can undertake. DIYers typically can remove the old fixture and install a new one in about 15 minutes with just one or two simple tools. Installation typically involves unscrewing the old shower head from the supply line by hand or with a wrench and screwing on a new one. The required tools usually include a crescent wrench and plumber’s tape. 

Rain shower heads that extend from the ceiling of the shower typically require custom plumbing that only a professional is qualified to handle. 

FAQs

For those still wondering about how low-pressure shower heads work, read on for answers to some of the most common questions. 

Meet the Tester

Paul Rankin is a seasoned product reviewer with extensive experience in home improvement and bathroom accessories. His approach to reviews is detailed, thorough, and user-focused, ensuring readers get honest, actionable insights.

Additional research provided by Tony Carrick.

The post Testing the Best Shower Heads for Low Water Pressure in 2025 appeared first on Bob Vila.

Best Overall

Kraus 33-Inch Standart Pro Stainless Steel Sink

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Best Bang for the Buck

Comllen Commercial 33-Inch 304 Farmhouse Sink

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Upgrade Pick

Birch Lane 33-Inch Marisol Fireclay Farmhouse Sink

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Farmhouse sinks are characterized by their exposed apron front, which juts out slightly from the cabinet. They blend practical design and beauty, instantly adding style to a kitchen. These sinks are hard-working kitchen appliances, often larger and deeper than run-of-the-mill kitchen sinks, with more space for rinsing produce and washing dishes. 

There are many farmhouse kitchen sinks on the market in a wide range of sizes and materials, which can make it hard to narrow down the best options. To save you the headache, we spent hours researching the top models from popular retailers, evaluating features and materials, and combing through ratings and user reviews. Our top pick is the Kraus 33-Inch Standart Pro Stainless Steel Sink. This heavy-duty sink features stainless steel construction, a double basin design, and unique NoiseDefend soundproofing technology.

We also had an interior designer weigh in on what kind of kitchens these sinks are best suited for (hint: it’s not just farmhouse-style kitchens) and the difference in materials. Read on for shopping tips and our list of the best farmhouse sinks.

1. BEST OVERALL: Kraus 33-Inch Standart Pro Stainless Steel Sink
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2. BEST BANG FOR THE BUCK: Comllen Commercial 33-Inch 304 Farmhouse Sink
   ↓ Jump to Review
3. UPGRADE PICK: Birch Lane 33-Inch Marisol Fireclay Farmhouse Sink
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4. MOST DURABLE: Sarlai 30-Inch Fireclay Farmhouse Sink
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5. BEST WORKSTATION: Ruvati 36-Inch Verona Farmhouse Kitchen Sink
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6. BEST IN BLACK: Ruvati 33-Inch Gunmetal Stainless Steel Kitchen Sink
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7. BEST DOUBLE-BASIN: Zuhne 33-Inch Turin Double-Basin Farmhouse Sink
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8. BEST FIRECLAY: Bocchi 30-Inch Classico Apron Front Fireclay Sink
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9. BEST CERAMIC: DeerValley 33-Inch Double-Basin Farmhouse Sink
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10. BEST COPPER: Birch Lane Single Bowl Copper 33-Inch Farmhouse Sink
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Our Top Picks

The following are the top picks for the best farmhouse sinks for a kitchen. These recommendations were selected because of their style, quality construction, capacity, and other helpful features.

Best Overall

Kraus 33-Inch Standart Pro Stainless Steel Sink

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What We Like

• Useful double-basin design 
• Durable stainless steel construction 
• Features soundproofing technology
• Includes multiple accessories

What We Don’t Like 

• Finish may dull over time

Specs 

• Style: Double-bowl apron
• Material: Stainless steel
• Dimensions: 32.87 inches long by 20.75 inches wide by 10 inches deep (other sizes available)

Featuring a heavy-duty stainless steel build and a stylish satin finish, this Kraus Standart Pro farmhouse sink is elegant and durable with resistance to corrosion, rust, and dents. We like that its rounded corners maximize the space, and its gently sloped bottom optimizes draining while keeping glassware safely upright.

This stainless steel farmhouse sink features two basins. The larger bowl is convenient for washing and rinsing, while the narrower bowl is better suited for drying dishes or piling dirty utensils. Even better: You can choose the placement of the large bowl—on the right or the left—for a sink specifically tailored to your individual needs and situations.

Boasting NoiseDefend soundproofing technology, its extra-thick padding and nontoxic undercoating reduce condensation, absorb vibration, and dampen sounds. The cherry on top is that this model offers several useful accessories such as protective stainless steel grids, a three-piece basket strainer set, and a kitchen towel.

Get the Kraus farmhouse sink at Amazon, The Home Depot, or Lowes.

Best Bang for the Buck

Comllen Commercial 33-Inch 304 Farmhouse Sink

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What We Like

• Scratch-resistant finish provides long-term durability
• Stainless steel construction is easy to clean
• Features soundproofing technology

What We Don’t Like 

• Only 1 basin; may get cluttered quickly

Specs 

• Style: Single-bowl apron
• Material: Stainless steel
• Dimensions: 33 inches long by 21 inches wide by 10 inches deep

With this Comllen Commercial farmhouse sink, there’s no need to break the bank to attain a durable and classy design for a modern-looking kitchen. Made of sturdy stainless steel with a satin brushed-nickel finish, it resists scratches, corrosion, and stains. Even if it does scratch, the brushed finish will conveniently mask it.

With its 33-inch length and a standard 3.5-inch drain opening that fits most garbage disposal systems, this farmhouse sink is suitable for cabinets measuring 33 inches long and up. The single-bowl sink is 10 inches deep, and this open design ultimately leads to the sink having a more spacious appearance.

Thick rubber dampening pads and a stone guard undercoating minimize the noise of dropping dishes into the sink. Gently rounded corners add to its style while also facilitating cleanup.

Get the Comllen farmhouse sink at Amazon.

Upgrade Pick

Birch Lane 33-Inch Marisol Fireclay Farmhouse Sink

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What We Like

• Scratch-, chip-, and heat-resistant fireclay construction
• Versatile double-bowl design 
• Includes drain assembly, basket strainers, and dual-bottom grids
• Comes in multiple color options

What We Don’t Like 

• Heavy; may take multiple people to install

Specs 

• Style: Double-bowl apron 
• Material: Fireclay 
• Dimensions: 33.25 inches long by 18 inches wide by 10 inches deep 

Unique and useful, the Birch Lane double-bowl farmhouse sink is large enough for heavy-duty kitchen tasks while remaining classic in style. Made with dual 50/50 bowls, this model is perfect for handling multiple tasks at the same time, and the scratch- and heat-resistant and antibacterial fireclay construction is durable enough to last for years.

This flat apron design also comes in bluff gray and white to match current kitchen fixtures, while the stainless steel basket strainers and bottom grid are perfect for drying dishes and keeping debris out of the drain. Finally, this Birch Lane model comes with drain assembly.

Get the Birch Lane farmhouse sink at Wayfair or Birch Lane.

Most Durable

Sarlai 30-Inch Fireclay Farmhouse Sink

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What We Like

• Multiple sizes available
• Nonporous finish blocks stains and odors
• Features soundproofing technology

What We Don’t Like 

• Only 1 basin

Specs 

• Style: Single-bowl apron
• Material: Fireclay porcelain
• Dimensions: 30 inches long by 21 inches wide by 10 inches deep (other sizes available)

This white farmhouse sink by Sarlai is made of special white clay, fired at 2,200 degrees Fahrenheit for extreme strength and durability. It is resistant to heat, chipping, scratching, and discoloration. The nonporous glossy finish absorbs neither odors nor stains, ensuring that it is durable and easy to clean. Soapy water is all it takes to remove residue and blemishes.

At 10 inches deep, this single-bowl farmhouse sink is available in a wide variety of dimensions—from 24 to 36 inches long and 18 to 21 inches wide, ideal for those searching for a small farmhouse sink. It utilizes sound-dampening materials to minimize sound and vibration. As for looks, the curved apron front, curved corners, and smooth lines expertly blend a classic aesthetic with modern practicality for the best of both worlds.

Get the Sarlai farmhouse sink at Amazon.

Best Workstation

Ruvati 36-Inch Verona Farmhouse Kitchen Sink

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What We Like

• Durable stainless steel construction resists damage 
• Brushed finish conceals scratches and scuffs 
• Comes with multiple food-prep accessories

What We Don’t Like 

• Single basin design

Specs 

• Style: Single-bowl apron
• Material: Stainless steel
• Dimensions: 36 inches long by 22 inches wide by 10 inches deep (other sizes available)

The Verona by Ruvati is ideal for kitchens with limited counter space. It features an all-in-one design that includes a sink, a hardwood cutting board, a colander, a roll-up drying rack, a bottom rinse grid, and a basket strainer. An optional mixing bowl and butcher block can be purchased separately. The built-in accessories conveniently slide on the integrated tracks for tailoring the work space to each day’s specific needs.

Made of sturdy stainless steel, the sink is durable and easy to clean, while the brushed finish can conceal scratches better than a satin finish. The sloped bottom allows for complete and swift water drainage, and the thick rubber padding minimizes noise and reduces condensation.

At 36 inches long and 10 inches deep, this workstation fits cabinets measuring at least 39 inches long. The same manufacturer also sells this model in 27-inch, 30-inch, and 33-inch-long sizes.

Get the Ruvati Verona farmhouse sink at Amazon, The Home Depot, Lowes, or Appliances Connection.

Best in Black

Ruvati 33-Inch Gunmetal Stainless Steel Kitchen Sink

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What We Like

• Unique black finish adds a touch of luxury 
• Durable stainless steel construction 
• Rust-, tarnish-, fingerprint-, and stain-resistant 
• Multiple sizes available

What We Don’t Like 

• Only 1 basin
• Slightly shallow depth compared to similar models

Specs 

• Style: Single-bowl apron
• Material: Stainless steel
• Dimensions: 33 inches long by 22 inches wide by 9 inches deep (other sizes available)

Neither white nor metal colored, this stainless steel sink by Ruvati bears a matte-black gunmetal finish that looks both sleek and modern. It is rust-, tarnish-, peeling-, fingerprint-, and stain-resistant, and its thick rubber NoiseDefend padding ensures a quiet experience. A stainless steel bottom protective grid comes with the sink—both to protect the sink’s bottom and to act as a drying rack.

With a standard 3.5-inch drain opening and sizes ranging from 30 to 36 inches long, this farmhouse sink pairs well with most kitchen cabinets. The matching basket strainer will not, however, work with a garbage-disposal unit. If you have a garbage disposal—or intend to purchase one—a matching garbage disposal flange sells separately. At 9 inches deep, this sink is slightly less spacious than the norm, but the compact design could very well prove advantageous for cramped kitchens or smaller cabinets.

Get the Ruvati gunmetal farmhouse sink at Amazon, The Home Depot, Lowes, or Appliances Connection.

Best Double-Basin

Zuhne 33-Inch Turin Double-Basin Farmhouse Sink

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What We Like

• Double-basin design can tackle multiple cleaning tasks
• Durable stainless steel construction resists scratches and scuffs 
• Soundproofing technology prevents added noise while doing dishes 
• Multiple sizes available

What We Don’t Like 

• Only 1 basin orientation available

Specs 

• Style: Double-bowl apron
• Material: Stainless steel
• Dimensions: 33 inches long by 21 inches wide by 10 inches deep (other sizes available)

This double-basin farmhouse sink by Zuhne is made of rust-resistant stainless steel and features lead-free parts that are certified to U.S. and Canada codes. With two bowls—larger on the left and narrower on the right—it allows for compartmentalizing dishes and tasks when washing plates, rinsing produce, soaking utensils, and other kitchen activities.

A gentle wipe down will suffice to keep the sink sparkling. Its natural brushed finish masks scratches, and the sloped base ensures fast draining and drying. Noise and thermal insulation are also integrated into the design to cancel noise and vibration, as well as to prevent condensation.

Ten inches deep, this sink is available in either 33- or 36-inch lengths, matching cabinet sizes of 36 inches long and up. It includes a host of versatile accessories, including a scratch-protector grid, a sponge holder, a colander set, and two drain strainers.

Get the Zuhne farmhouse sink at The Home Depot, Amazon, or Wayfair.

Best Fireclay

Bocchi 30-Inch Classico Apron Front Fireclay Sink

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What We Like

• Fireclay is scratch-, chip-, and stain-resistant 
• UV-resistant; suitable for both indoor and outdoor use 
• Proprietary glazing provides a long-term, high-gloss finish 
• Comes in multiple sizes and colorways 

What We Don’t Like 

• Shorter width compared to some other farmhouse sinks

Specs 

• Style: Single-bowl apron 
• Material: Fireclay
• Dimensions: 30 inches long by 18 inches wide by 10 inches deep (other sizes available) 

Fireclay farmhouse sinks are durable enough to withstand long-term use while providing antibacterial qualities for ample cleanliness. For the best option in this category, rely on the Bocchi Classico farmhouse apron front fireclay sink. Made with 100 percent natural and organic fireclay, this ultraviolet (UV)-resistant single-bowl sink has proprietary glazing for a smooth, high-gloss look, and the nonporous surface is easy to clean after every use.

This model comes with a large stainless steel sink grid for drying dishes and has integrated sound-dampening technology to prevent loud banging while doing dishes. Plus, this pick comes with a basket strainer for keeping debris out of the drain and is garbage-disposal compatible. Finally, this model comes in multiple sizes and colorways to suit a given user’s kitchen.

Get the Bocchi farmhouse sink at Amazon, The Home Depot, or Walmart.

Best Ceramic

DeerValley 33-Inch Double-Basin Farmhouse Sink

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What We Like

• Made from durable scratch- and heat-resistant ceramic 
• Reversible; features a fluted and solid side
• Includes 2 sink grids and 2 basket strainers

What We Don’t Like 

• Some users report chipping

Specs 

• Style: Double-bowl apron
• Material: Ceramic
• Dimensions: 33 ¼ inches long by 17 15/16 inches wide by 10 inches deep 

A ceramic or porcelain farmhouse sink can add style to your kitchen without breaking the bank, and this option from DeerValley is one of our favorites. It features a 50/50 split double basin (ideal for washing dishes) and comes with two basket strainers and two sink grids. 

This double farmhouse sink is reversible. It features a fluted side for a country or vintage flair and a smooth side for a more modern look. Upon installation, users can decide which side they’d like on display. While ceramic is more prone to chip than other types of sink materials, this model is made from a naturally durable ceramic and has a crack and scratch-resistant surface.

Get the DeerValley farmhouse sink at Wayfair or The Home Depot.

Best Copper

Birch Lane Single Bowl Copper 33-Inch Farmhouse Sink

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What We Like

• Features a hand-hammered antique copper finish
• Made from 16-gauge copper
• Has sound-dampening properties

What We Don’t Like 

• Copper requires extra cleaning and maintenance
• Pricey compared to stainless steel or ceramic options

Specs 

• Style: Single-bowl apron
• Material: Copper
• Dimensions: 33 inches long by 22 inches wide by 9 inches deep

Those seeking a vintage farmhouse sink may want to consider copper, which develops a natural patina with time. This under-mount single-basin sink from Birch Lane features a hand-hammered antique finish. It’s constructed of 16-gauge copper and has a sound-dampening finish that will keep your kitchen quiet even as dishes hit the sink.

At 33 inches long and 19 inches wide, this copper farmhouse sink offers plenty of space for completing daily kitchen chores. Just keep in mind that copper tarnishes, so those who don’t like the look of a natural patina will need to spend extra time on the maintenance and cleaning of this sink.

Get the Birch Lane farmhouse sink at Wayfair or Birch Lane.

Jump to Our Top Picks

How We Chose the Best Farmhouse Sinks

These recommendations for the best farmhouse kitchen sinks cover a variety of types and styles to best suit multiple needs. Our curated selection was developed based on extensive product research among some of the top kitchen sink brands. While choosing a kitchen sink is largely a choice based on style and aesthetics, we still weighed a number of practical considerations when making our recommendations. 

We included farmhouse sinks of different sizes to fit a variety of kitchen and cabinet profiles. We narrowed our selection to sinks made with high-quality materials like stainless steel and ceramic. We gave preference to models that included additional accessories to save shoppers money down the line. 

What to Consider When Choosing a Farmhouse Sink

While it’s easy to assume that all farmhouse sinks for kitchens offer similar performance, a number of factors affect their functionality. Keep reading to learn about several of the most important features to consider when choosing the best farmhouse-style sink for a kitchen remodel.

Kitchen Sink Materials

According to Artem Kropovinsky, interior designer and founder of Arsight Studio based in New York City, New York, thanks to the many materials that farmhouse or apron sinks come in, they aren’t limited to use only in farmhouse-style kitchens. “A farmhouse sink remains functional even in kitchens beyond the farmhouse design,” he said. “The variety of materials allows farmhouse sinks to match contemporary, industrial and traditional styles.”

Modern sink materials have made their mark on kitchen sinks, and shoppers can find a wide variety of choices available at an equally wide range of price points. Choices encompass metals, stone, ceramics, and various man-made materials.

Stainless Steel

Stainless steel is the single most popular material used in kitchen sinks. Stainless steel sinks are lightweight, inexpensive, durable, low maintenance, and can fit into both traditional and contemporary decorating environments.

The thickness of stainless steel sinks is known as the gauge; higher gauges are thinner, and lower-gauge sinks are thicker and more expensive. There are different finishes available, including shiny mirror finishes and satin lustrous looks. But, like all other sink materials, stainless steel isn’t without flaws. “Stainless steel is great for easy cleaning but displays water spots and scratches on the surface,” advised Kropovinsky.

Granite and Quartz

Granite, quartz, and granite composite are extremely popular choices, although natural granite sinks are among some of the most expensive. Granite and quartz are natural stones and feature a pleasing, varied appearance due to the different minerals that make up the stone. They’re often found together in nature and are also often combined in kitchen sinks and countertops. 

The two stones are extremely durable but can chip, crack, or scratch if mistreated. Granite composite combines the beauty of natural stone with a percentage of resin—typically 95 percent stone to 5 percent resin. The added resin makes the sink harder and more durable so it can resist chips, scratches, and cracks. 

Cast Iron

Cast iron covered in a thick enamel coating was formerly the de rigueur construction of choice for kitchen sinks, but it has slipped a bit in popularity as other materials have become trendy.

Cast-iron farmhouse sinks are coated with enamel, and they are heavy, durable, easy to clean, and can last a lifetime. The enamel in cast-iron sinks can be tinted virtually any color to match your personal decor. Lighter-colored enamels might stain, but they typically clean up easily with nonabrasive commercial stain removers. 

Fireclay and Vitreous China

Fireclay and vitreous china are types of ceramics made from clay and “fired” at high temperatures. Fireclay farmhouse sinks typically have a more rustic appearance. They are durable and easy to clean; however, they can be prone to chipping and also may be fairly heavy. Vitreous china was once used primarily in bathroom sinks but is now being used for kitchen sinks as well.

Copper

Copper is a beautiful metal that can be hammered or molded with a variety of designs, making it a lovely addition to many decorating styles. Copper also is naturally antimicrobial, so it is becoming a popular choice among health-conscious consumers. 

Since copper is a pricey alternative, this metal is more often used for smaller accessory sinks, such as those on a bar or island location. Copper requires some extra TLC to keep it looking good. The material will oxidize over time, and it therefore needs special cleansers and waxes to maintain its shine.

Solid Surface

Solid-surface materials include acrylic, polyester, and fiberglass. These sinks are typically made from resins or epoxy to emulate the look of natural stone. Solid-surface sinks are extremely durable and resistant to scratches and chipping; if the surface becomes marred, you can often buff it to remove the scratch. The materials are prone to staining, however, and can be damaged from high heat.

Concrete

Concrete is an up-and-coming material for kitchen sinks and combines many of the attributes of granite without the high price tag. Contractors can pour concrete on site, so the sink can be a custom size and shape. Consumers also can find precast varieties. Concrete is very heavy, however, and might require special cabinetry. It is also prone to staining.

Style

There are many different styles and configuration combinations of kitchen sinks; each has its own benefits, though there is no one-size-fits-all solution. Some of the most common styles for farmhouse sinks include:

• Double-basin/bowl: Many families prefer a sink with two bowls: one for hot sudsy water and the other for rinsing, or one for soaking encrusted pots and pans and the other for doing a regular washup. One of the most interesting new developments in double-basin sinks is the double-bowl low-divide sink, which offers the benefit of two basins but can also accommodate pots with long handles.
• Single-basin/bowl: Single-basin sinks are the most common and least expensive configuration and offer the advantage of accommodating large pots, pans, and platters, all of which might require soaking prior to scrubbing.
• Drainboard: Another old-time classic that’s becoming trendy again are sinks with built-in drainboards, which allow you to prep vegetables and let them drain without messing up the counter. The drainboard also provides space to drain pots, pans, and utensils. The only downside is that a farmhouse sink with drainboard attached takes up valuable counter space, and therefore, what users gain in versatility they lose in real estate.
• Workstation: The term “workstation sink” often refers to sinks that come with a variety of accessories that allow you to convert the sink area into food preparation and serving space. These accessories can include cutting boards, colanders, drying trays, warming racks, and similar items that enhance the versatility of the sink area without using additional counter space.

Size

Before you begin shopping for kitchen farmhouse sinks, first consider what size sink you need. Whether you’re simply replacing your existing sink or doing a complete kitchen renovation, it’s important to take precise measurements. 

Apron front sink sizes vary widely, with widths ranging from 20 inches long to as much as 60 inches long. The most common size, however, measures approximately 33 inches long by 21 inches wide. Farmhouse sinks are characterized by their deep bowls, which typically have depths of about 10 inches. If you’re replacing your current sink but don’t plan on changing the cabinetry, consider a retrofitted farmhouse sink, which retains its depth but has a shorter apron. 

Drop-in vs. Under-Mount

Farmhouse sinks typically come in one of two styles: under-mount and drop-in sinks. 

• Drop-in sinks—also known as top-mount sinks—have long been the most common on the market. The top-mount farmhouse sink fits into a precut hole in the countertop and is easy for professionals—or even experienced DIYers—to install. The sinks have a lip around their perimeter that secures to the counter. 
• Under-mount sinks attach to the bottom of the countertop. Their installation requires heavy-duty clips and caulking or an alternative adhesive. Because they are flush with the counter, it’s easy to scrape dirt and leftover food scraps into them. Undermount kitchen sinks are only compatible with waterproof countertop materials. 

Color

The most popular material also dictates the most popular color in kitchen sinks: stainless steel. Stainless steel fixtures and appliances continue to reign supreme in kitchen design, although natural stone finishes, such as granite and quartz in darker shades, have been trending upward in recent years.

White, off-white, beige, and sand remain the most popular shades in fireclay, china, or enamel-coated cast-iron sinks since these versatile neutrals blend in well with many decorating schemes. In recent years, choices of deeper shades such as black and navy blue are surging.

Included Fixtures

Farmhouse sinks generally sell as stand-alone pieces without any additional fixtures like a farmhouse sink faucet or built-in soap dispenser. Many include special grids or strainers or offer included or optional accessories for food prep, as described above.

Installation

Installing a kitchen sink is an advanced project that requires skill and specific equipment and typically necessitates professional help. Installation requirements and steps vary based on whether you’re simply replacing your existing sink or doing a complete kitchen remodel. 

That being said, most farmhouse sinks have similar installation requirements, so this shouldn’t be a major consideration when choosing between different models. While drop-in sinks are slightly easier to install than under-mount sinks, both styles require a professional unless the buyer is an experienced DIYer. 

FAQs

Whether you are planning an entire gut rehab project, building new from scratch, or simply looking to spruce up your existing kitchen, one small change—a new sink—can make a big difference. Farmhouse sinks are typically easy to maintain, especially when you keep these facts in mind.

The post Can a Sink Be Too Loud? Our Favorite Farmhouse Sink Features Extra Padding to Dampen Sounds appeared first on Bob Vila.

Exceptional closet organization and storage is all well and good, but without proper lighting, the simple task of finding an article of clothing can become a major inconvenience. 

Ross Kesterson, a general contractor and VP of Restore Pros in Northeast Georgia, says, “Lighting can take a closet (or any space) to the next level—if done properly. There are ways to backlight a space to make it more intimate and upscale.” He also explains that overhead lighting can be chosen to make sure that you see the clothing color correctly. “Have you ever gotten ready and then went outside and the colors look terrible together? Well, lighting can make or break those situations!” he says.

After reviewing dozens of brands and styles, our favorite closet lighting option is the Lithonia Lighting LED Flush Mount Closet Light. It’s easy to install, features Energy-Star-certified lightbulbs, and has motion-sensing capabilities. Read below for insights on a few select tested models and a list of the best closet lighting options organized by category.

1. BEST OVERALL: Lithonia Lighting LED Flush Mount Closet Light
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2. BEST BANG FOR THE BUCK: Brilliant Evolution Wireless LED Puck Light 3-Pack
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3. UPGRADE PICK: Willa Arlo Interiors Theodora 4 Flush Mount Light
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4. BEST STRIP: LepoTec Wireless Rechargeable Under Cabinet Lights
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5. BEST RECESSED: Sunco 4-Inch Recessed LED Retrofit Lighting
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6. BEST TRACK: Globe Electric 6-Light S-Shape Track Lighting
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7. BEST DIMMABLE: Light Blue USA LED Flush Mount Dimmable Ceiling Light
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8. BEST WIRELESS: Mcgor Rechargeable LED Under Cabinet Lights 
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9. BEST MOTION SENSOR: Youtob Motion Sensor LED Ceiling Light
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10. BEST PLUG-IN: Govee RGB 32.8-Foot LED Strip Lights
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Our Top Picks

Whether shoppers want hardwired lights or decorative stick-on strip lighting, we have them covered with these top cloest lighting choices.

Best Overall

Lithonia Lighting LED Flush Mount Closet Light

See It

What We Like

• Boasts an Energy Star certification
• Offers 50,000 hours of use
• Includes mounting hardware and a clear installation guide 

What We Don’t Like

• Possible issues with the motion sensor’s responsiveness 
• The integrated motion sensor cannot be disabled

Specs 

• Type: Motion sensor 
• Bulb type: LED 
• Brightness: 925 lumens 
• Wireless: No

Made from durable painted steel, this LED flush-mount light by Lithonia is easy to install and low on power consumption. Its LED bulbs are Energy Star certified and emit 4000 kelvins of cool-ish white at 925 lumens. Buyers can expect a long lifespan of about 50,000 hours to help reduce their carbon footprint even further.

We like that this closet light has a passive infrared (PIR) motion sensor that turns on the second it detects movement and automatically switches off after 30 seconds of inactivity. Included with the light are mounting hardware and an easy-to-understand installation guide for DIYers; it’s available in three lengths, with or without a pull-chain switch.

Get the Lithonia Lighting closet lighting at Amazon and The Home Depot. 

Best Bang for the Buck

Brilliant Evolution Wireless LED Puck Light 3-Pack

See It

What We Like

• Includes 3 closet lighting units
• Suited for illuminating small closets or compact areas
• Long battery life 

What We Don’t Like

• Front-focused beam design not ideal for angled application
• AA batteries necessary for operation (not included)

Specs 

• Type: Wireless 
• Bulb type: LED 
• Brightness: 55 lumens 
• Wireless: Yes

Brilliant Evolution’s wireless LED puck lights are easy to install and won’t break. This three-pack of lights does not require any hardwiring or hardware. The adhesive on the backs of the lights is designed to stick to walls and other home surfaces. AA batteries power the lights and last for about 100 hours before they need to be replaced, which is longer than most other wireless puck lights.

These LED lights have a push-button on/off switch and a warm-white glow of 55 lumens at 3000 kelvins. Though these lights have ease of installation and wireless construction going for them, the lights’ beam is front focused, and it doesn’t work well when angled. These work best in a smaller walk-in closet or wardrobe.

Get the Brilliant Evolution closet lighting at Amazon, The Home Depot, or Walmart.

Upgrade Pick

Willa Arlo Interiors Theodora 4 Flush Mount Light

See It

What We Like

• Combines K9 crystal with a drum-shaped metal frame 
• Resilient against rust, corrosion, and fading
• Compatible with dimmer switches

What We Don’t Like

• Bulbs and dimmer switch not included

Specs 

• Type: Flush mount
• Bulb type: N/A
• Brightness: N/A
• Wireless: No

Closet lighting tends to be largely functional, but in bigger walk-in closets, a statement light fixture can completely change the aesthetic of the space. This crystal flush-mount ceiling light from Wayfair is sure to bring a touch of elegance to the closet with its sparkling finish and classic drum-shaped design. It’s made using K9 transparent crystal, which refracts light for a stunning visual effect. 

This fixture is compatible with dimmer switches and requires four E12 bulbs, which are not included in the package. It requires hard wiring, so it’s best for closets that are already equipped with the necessary electrical capabilities. 

Get the Willa Arlo closet lighting at Wayfair. 

Best Strip

LepoTec Wireless Rechargeable Under Cabinet Lights

See It

What We Like

• Features side-emission design for bright lighting without glare
• Versatile installation options 
• Two energy-efficient modes 

What We Don’t Like

• May require frequent recharging

Specs 

• Type: Strip
• Bulb type: LED
• Brightness: 350 lumens
• Wireless: Yes

This two-pack of strip lights from LepoTec features 54 tiny LED lights and uses a unique system with side-emitting bulbs that refract light through a reflector to create bright illumination of up to 350 lumens per fixture, all while casting a soft and gentle light. It’s wireless, featuring a USB rechargeable battery, so it doesn’t require hardwiring. 

The light has three operational modes: always on, off, and motion sensor. The motion sensor can detect movement within a 10-foot/120-degree range and turns off after 20 seconds of no activity. The 2,500 milliamp hour (mAh) rechargeable battery lasts for about 3 hours in “on” mode and 2 to 4 weeks when used in “sensor” mode, depending on how often you use your closet. 

What our tester says: Michelle Larson, a Bob Vila staff writer and product tester, notes in the Best Under-Cabinet Lighting that “dual-attachment options make the LepoTec highly portable and easy to remove for charging. I was able to take mine down and have it fully charged via USB in under an hour.”

Get the LepoTec closet lighting at Amazon, Wayfair, or LepoTec.

Best Recessed

Sunco 4-Inch Recessed LED Retrofit Lighting

See It

What We Like

• Offers adjustable brightness levels 
• Baffle trim diffuses light, creating a softer effect
• Energy Star certification ensures reduced energy consumption 
• Over 35,000 hours of use per light 

What We Don’t Like

• Higher price point than other options

Specs 

• Type: Recessed 
• Bulb type: LED
• Brightness: 660 lumens
• Wireless: No 

Sunco’s 10-pack of recessed LED downlights is one of the best closet lighting systems for a larger walk-in closet that requires more than one light fixture. These LEDs have a baffle trim that diffuses light and creates a softer and more pleasant viewing experience. Their 90-degree flood beams can illuminate wide areas. 

These 10-watt Energy Star LED lights are equivalent to 60-watt incandescents and shine with a 3000 kelvin warm-white tone. These Suncos are also dimmable, have a lifespan of about 35,000 hours, and come with a 7-year warranty.

Get the Sunco closet lighting at Amazon or Sunco.

Best Track

Globe Electric 6-Light S-Shape Track Lighting

See It

What We Like

• Dimmer switch compatibility 
• Multiple sizes available 
• Comes with all required mounting hardware 

What We Don’t Like

• Size may be too large for smaller closets

Specs 

• Type: Track 
• Bulb type: N/A
• Brightness: N/A
• Wireless: No 

An excellent choice for walk-in closets, Globe Electric’s track lighting is an upscale system that illuminates a wardrobe with style. It features six light bulbs that can be adjusted in any direction, which gives buyers more flexibility than most closet lights. This fixture uses six 50-watt MR16 light bulbs that are not included but are easy enough to find at a hardware store.

The track lighting system is compatible with Globe Electric’s dimmer switch (sold separately). Though it requires hardwiring, the fixture comes with all necessary mounting hardware. It’s available with three, four, or six track heads.

Get the Globe Electric closet lighting at Amazon or The Home Depot.

Best Dimmable

Light Blue USA LED Flush Mount Dimmable Ceiling Light

See It

What We Like

• Can be used with a dimmer switch 
• Offers multiple finishes and lighting tones
• Highly energy efficient

What We Don’t Like

• Installation requires hardwiring

Specs 

• Type: Flush mount
• Bulb type: LED 
• Brightness: 1,200 lumens 
• Wireless: No 

Light Blue USA’s dimmable LED ceiling light works well in larger walk-in closets, and its minimalist brushed-nickel exterior looks great with almost any style of décor. The fixture is available in three lighting tone options (warm, cool, or daylight) to suit various preferences. It uses 15-watt LED light bulbs, which are long lasting and energy efficient. This fixture requires a hardwire installation and can be paired with an LED dimmer switch.

Get the Light Blue USA closet lighting at Amazon or Walmart.

Best Wireless

Mcgor Rechargeable LED Under Cabinet Lights

See It

What We Like

• Features motion sensor for automatic lighting 
• Dimmable with 5 brightness levels 
• Installs via strong built-in magnets or adhesive plate

What We Don’t Like

• May not be bright enough for some spaces
• Frequent recharging may be necessary

Specs 

• Type: Strip
• Bulb type: LED 
• Brightness: 180 lumens 
• Wireless: Yes

This two-pack of motion sensor strip lights can detect movement in extremely low-light conditions and offers an always-on mode for more prolonged tasks. What sets these strip lights apart from many others on the market is that they’re dimmable, with five brightness levels available for optimal versatility. 

These lights are USB-C rechargeable, equipped with an 1800mAh battery that lasts for 6 hours in always-on mode at full brightness or 7 to 30 days in motion-sensor mode. It’s important to note, however, that a USB wall adapter is not included. Users have a couple of options for installation, since the lights come with built-in magnets or adhesive metal plates that are more suitable for nonmetal surfaces. This makes the lights easy to remove and reattach for recharging. 

What our tester says: Michelle Larson, a Bob Vila staff writer and product tester, notes in the Best Under-Cabinet Lighting, “Something about this two-pack of lights makes them look a little sleeker than the rest. When tested side by side with other motion-sensing lights, these MCGOR lights reacted the quickest and most consistently.”

Get the Mcgor closet lighting at Amazon.

Best Motion Sensor

Youtob Motion Sensor LED Ceiling Light

See It

What We Like

• Motion sensor has a 16-foot detection range
• 3 distinct lighting modes
• Priced affordably, offering great value for its features

What We Don’t Like

• Non-dimmable design limits lighting flexibility
• Requires professional hardwiring for installation

Specs 

• Type: Motion sensor 
• Bulb type: LED 
• Brightness: 1,500 lumens 
• Wireless: No 

Youtob’s motion-sensing LED ceiling light is a great option for those seeking a bright 1,500-lumen LED that turns on automatically when needed. Its motion sensor can detect movement up to 16 feet away and switches off after 30 or 180 seconds of inactivity. It has two modes, daylight mode and night mode, so users can choose if they’d like the lights to turn on during the day and night, or only at night. The tone of the light can be changed to 3000, 4000, or 5000 kelvins with the push of a button.

Though this LED light needs to be hardwired, Youtob has made the installation fairly painless. The light comes with the required mounting hardware, a mounting bracket, and an installation guide to make the process quick and easy. Youtob offers an 18-month money-back guarantee if consumers have any problems with its product.

Get the Youtob closet lighting at Amazon or Walmart.

Best Plug-in

Govee RGB 32.8-Foot LED Strip Lights

See It

What We Like

• Installs via a strong adhesive backing
• Dozens of light color choices, including natural lighting
• Integrates with the Govee app for easy control

What We Don’t Like

• Removal may damage to the wall

Specs 

• Type: Strip
• Bulb type: LED 
• Brightness: Not specified
• Wireless: Corded electric

Those looking for a simple, reliable way to illuminate their closets without hardwiring a fixture may want to check out these Govee strip lights. Compatible with Google Home and Alexa, these strip lights contain 300 LEDs and several natural lighting modes to brighten a space. A simple voice command can turn them on and change their colors and brightness level.

These closet lights are installed using a self-adhesive backing and supplied clips. Once attached to the wall or ceiling, simply plug them in and connect them to the Govee app. They also have some fun extra features, such as music sync, which enables the lights to “dance” along with any chosen song. 

What our tester says: Stacey L. Nash, a Bob Vila staff writer and product tester, notes in the Best LED Light Strips, “I was impressed by how well these programmable LED lights connected to the app for choosing scheduling and lighting options, including manual preferences or preset colors based on seasons, moods, holidays, or special occasions.”

Get the Govee closet lighting at Amazon.

Jump to Our Top Picks

How We Chose the Best Closet Lighting

We researched the most sought-after lighting options in their respective categories and discovered that the best options are determined by their type, brightness, ease of installation, and other special features included by top brands. While we took the aesthetics of the light fixture into consideration, Kesterson recommends making functionality the top priority: “If it doesn’t function, it doesn’t matter if it’s pretty.”

While searching for the best closet lighting ideas available, the most popular types among users were the motion-sensing, recessed, wireless, strip, and track lighting with LED bulbs. Our top picks come with 55 to 1,500 lumens of light, and select picks include automatic shutoff, remote controls, or multiple finishes and light tones. 

While some of these closet lighting ideas require hardwiring, many can be recharged or rely on batteries for power. Plus, those that are battery-powered or rechargeable offer up to 50,000 hours of use. 

What to Consider When Choosing Closet Lighting

Closet organization is a great first step to a well-functioning closet, but the right type of light is a necessity. Important things to consider while shopping for the best closet lighting are the closet’s layout and square footage, personal style, and the type of light to cast in the space. The closet lights’ color temperature and brightness, for example, can affect how clothing looks.

Type

The most common types of lighting used in closets are strip lighting, recessed lighting, and track lighting. Each option has a different type of light bulb and different types of mounts. Of these different types, some have a motion sensor for automatic turn-on or are wireless and battery-powered for easy installation.

Strip Lighting 

Strip lights are flexible cords or strips of tiny LED lights that are usually attached to a wall or other surface with a strong adhesive backing. There is no hardwiring required for strip lighting—just plug them in and use them. These lights are great for lighting up small, dark spaces because the strip is so compact. Many strip lights come with remote controls that allow users to change the color and pattern of the lights, creating a more varied illumination for those seeking to liven up their closet space.

Recessed Lighting 

Recessed lighting fits inside a cutout in the ceiling and sits flush with drywall once the lighting is hardwired and installed. These lights are usually round and measure from 3 to 12 inches in diameter. When using recessed fixtures to illuminate a wardrobe, buyers will usually get better coverage by installing a series of small recessed lights rather than a couple of big ones. 

As is the case with any electrical fixtures installed in a closet, follow good fire-safety precautions and install recessed lights only if a clearance of at least 6 inches between the lights and clothing (or other items stored in the closet) can be maintained.

Track Lighting 

With a track lighting system, individual light bulbs are mounted on a metal bar, or track. What’s nice about track lights is users can swivel the light bulbs and spotlight specific areas of their closet. Track lighting works best for walk-in closets because larger closets usually have enough ceiling clearance to avoid a fire hazard. These lights are also relatively easy to install because they require just one hardwiring point, rather than multiple points (as with recessed lighting).

Motion Sensor Lighting

Motion sensor lights are designed to turn on automatically when they detect movement within their sensor range. There are two common types of motion sensors: active ultrasound and PIR, which uses ultrasonic waves to detect movement. PIR relies on changes in infrared energy, or body heat, to detect motion and trigger the light. Motion sensor closet lighting is convenient because it doesn’t require a light switch.

Wireless Lighting

It isn’t always possible or feasible to cut into ceilings and walls to install new closet lighting. Wireless closet lighting is a terrific option in these situations because it doesn’t require electrical hardwiring. Instead, wireless lights are battery-powered, usually with AA or AAA batteries. Some wireless lights are even rechargeable. 

To recharge a wireless light, plug it into a standard USB port or phone charger using the accompanying charging cable. Wireless lights are usually mounted onto surfaces with magnetic strips or strong adhesives made for walls. Most wireless lights will run for 3 to 5 hours of continuous use, or 1 to 2 months of sporadic use. 

Closet Space and Features 

Not all types of closet lighting can be used in all closets. As with any electrical wiring or device, fire safety is critical. Many wired lighting fixtures require a minimum clearance of 6 to 12 inches between a light source and a surface. Most municipalities follow National Electric Code guidelines, which stipulate that closet lights should be recessed, or surface mounted without exposed bulbs, unless the closet is a walk-in space. 

In other words, the size and layout of the closet has everything to do with the kind of lighting that can be used in the space. It’s always best to contact a local municipality to see what the exact building codes are in a particular area.

Material 

The materials that closet lighting is made of is another important consideration and will vary depending on the type of lighting. For example, frames for track lighting are usually made of metal. These frames, or tracks, come in a variety of finishes to match different décor styles. Recessed lights, on the other hand, are often framed in rings of white plastic resin or silver metal.

Fluorescent vs. LED 

When researching the best closet lighting, shoppers may come across the terms “fluorescent” and “LED” and wonder, what is the difference? 

• Fluorescent lighting is a gas-discharge lamp that requires an electrical charge to start up. It may produce a buzzing sound with age. Fluorescent bulbs have been a reliable source of bright light for years and are more efficient than incandescent bulbs. 
• Light-emitting diodes, or LED lighting, is solely electrical. Compared with fluorescent lights, LED lighting is brighter, has a longer lifespan, turns on faster, and does not require the careful handling that mercury-based fluorescent lights do. LED lighting is also more energy efficient because it uses less wattage to produce equal or brighter light than a fluorescent or incandescent bulb of higher wattage. LED lights are typically the top choice for closet lighting.

Brightness and Color Temperature 

The brightness and color temperature of new closet lighting are essential shopping considerations because they dictate how well a bulb illuminates the space. Watts, the amount of energy a bulb uses, and lumens, which measure brightness, are two important measurements to be aware of. 

A small 30- to 80-square-foot space is best illuminated with an LED closet light system of 7 to 15 watts, or 500 to 1,000 lumens of light. (A 15-watt LED bulb is about as bright as a 25-watt fluorescent bulb or a 75-watt incandescent bulb. All three produce about 800 lumens of light, but the LED consumes the least energy.) Larger closets may require additional light fixtures or higher-wattage bulbs. 

The color temperature, or tone, of a light bulb is measured in kelvins. A lower rating of 2000 to 4000 kelvins produces a warm yellowish tone; cooler white tones are found in the 4500 to 6000-plus kelvins range. Warmer lights are softer and easier on the eyes, but cool-toned lighting may help users distinguish clothing colors more easily.

Aesthetic 

A closet lighting’s design aesthetic is probably more exciting to shop for than the bulb tone. Though most closet lights are trimmed in simple white tones so they’ll blend in with drywall, other light fixtures are available in black, silver, bronze, or other trim colors. 

Shoppers may also want to take their home’s design or style into account when selecting closet lighting and go with an industrial, vintage, or contemporary modern fixture to match the home’s décor. Of course, the fixtures that are best for a particular closet depend on its size. Shoppers have more flexibility to choose a bigger or more ornate closet light if their closet is a walk-in rather than a standard 6-foot-long by 4-foot-wide storage area.

Wired vs. Wireless

Whether consumers select a hardwired or wireless closet light depends on their closet’s attributes and their willingness to put time and expense into a closet-light installation. Installing a new hardwired light usually involves cutting and splicing wires, cutting out drywall, and drilling and mounting hardware to fit a fixture. These tasks require electrical expertise and are best done by a professional electrician. If buyers plan to install their new closet lights themselves, they will want to turn off all electrical power sources and follow safety guidelines.

If there’s a need for a closet light that’s easier to install, consider a plug-in electric light or a battery-powered wireless light. Most wireless lights run off AA or AAA batteries that last for a couple of months. Some wireless lights these days have rechargeable batteries, so users don’t have to worry about purchasing new ones every time the light’s battery dies. Most rechargeable batteries can be juiced up using a simple USB charger. 

FAQs 

Finding the best closet lighting requires a lot of attention to detail. Here are answers to some of the most common questions about closet lighting.

Why Trust Bob Vila

Bob Vila has been America’s Handyman since 1979. As the host of beloved and groundbreaking TV series including “This Old House” and “Bob Vila’s Home Again,” he popularized and became synonymous with “do-it-yourself” home improvement.

Over the course of his decades-long career, Bob Vila has helped millions of people build, renovate, repair, and live better each day—a tradition that continues today with expert yet accessible home advice. The Bob Vila team distills need-to-know information into project tutorials, maintenance guides, tool 101s, and more. These home and garden experts then thoroughly research, vet, and recommend products that support homeowners, renters, DIYers, and professionals in their to-do lists.

The post This DIY Lighting Solution is Perfect for Closets and Other Dark Spaces appeared first on Bob Vila.

Smoke detectors are a lot like income taxes: they need to be dealt with once a year, not a whole lot of people understand them, and issues with either can be particularly, well, alarming. Simple yet necessary heroes of home safety and security, smoke detectors tend to be forgotten until they go off (a good thing) or fail to function in an emergency (a potential tragedy). A well-functioning, high-quality smoke detector is essential for every household, so we researched more than 20 top models and put 15 to the test.

Our favorite was the X-Sense SC07 Wireless Smoke & Carbon Monoxide Alarm. It monitors for smoke and carbon monoxide and has a large digital display showing the carbon monoxide parts per million. We also appreciated the slim, sleek design.

The National Fire Protection Association recommends at least one smoke detector for each floor of a home, as well as one in every bedroom. It’s important to become familiar with the types of detectors, how they operate, and some of the finer points of fire alarm technology. Read on to learn what you should look for in a smoke alarm and how we tested and selected the best smoke detectors.

1. BEST OVERALL: X-Sense SC07 Wireless Smoke & Carbon Monoxide Alarm
   ↓ Jump to Review
2. BEST BANG FOR THE BUCK: Kidde i9050 Battery-Operated Smoke Alarm
   ↓ Jump to Review
3. BEST IN TECH: Google S3003LWES Nest Protect Smoke and CO Detector
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4. BEST INTERCONNECTED: X-Sense Interconnected Wireless Smoke and CO Detector 
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5. BEST VOICE ALARM: First Alert SMCO210V Smoke & Carbon Monoxide Alarm 
   ↓ Jump to Review
6. HONORABLE MENTION: SimpliSafe Wireless Smoke Detector
   ↓ Jump to Review
7. ALSO CONSIDER: First Alert Z-Wave Smoke & Carbon Monoxide Alarm
   ↓ Jump to Review

Smoke Detectors Comparison Chart

Our Top Picks

These top picks include photoelectric, ionization, and dual-sensor smoke detectors to suit a variety of different needs. All are high-quality models currently on the market that we’ve tested ourselves.

Note: All of the following products feature battery operation, making them very easy to install. They’re also all Underwriters Laboratories (UL) listed for safety.

Best Overall

X-Sense SC07 Wireless Smoke & Carbon Monoxide Alarm

See It

What We Like

• Features a smoke and carbon monoxide sensor
• Digital display shows carbon monoxide parts per million (ppm)
• Sleek, modern design

What We Don’t Like

• Has a sometimes-faulty activation switch

Specs

• Type Photoelectric (smoke) and electrochemical (CO)
• Interconnect No
• CO detection Yes

Our Ratings: Installation and Setup 5/5; Functionality 4/5; Value 4.3/5

The X-Sense SC07 combo alarm is a two-way player that would benefit many homeowners. This model features a photoelectric sensor that detects smoke particles and an electrochemical sensor that detects the presence of carbon monoxide. It also has a digital display that shows the carbon monoxide parts per million (ppm) in the air as well as the battery’s status. This lends a sleek design that will easily fit in with modern spaces.

The real star of the show is the display, which clearly indicates the level of carbon monoxide in the air when it’s more than 30 ppm (if it’s under that amount, it registers as 0). While a sensor capable of reading lower levels would be better, we still find this reassuring. 

We’re not, however, a big fan of this model’s activation switch. While it worked perfectly on the model we tested, we have broken that switch on previously tested X-Sense models, so we would still caution users to be very gentle with it. Otherwise, we felt this was the best overall smoke detector. Plus, an interconnected version is available. 

What our tester says: “This device triggered within 10 seconds during testing—an impressively fast response—though it did take a while to silence.”—Tom Scalisi, Product Reviews tester and writer

Get the X-Sense SC07 smoke detector at Amazon or X-Sense.

Best Bang For The Buck

Kidde i9050 Battery-Operated Smoke Alarm

See It

What We Like

• Affordable price point
• Loud alarm is audible throughout the home
• One of the easiest models to silence

What We Don’t Like

• 10 seconds slower to alert than other devices

Specs

• Type Ionization
• Interconnect No
• CO detection No

Our Ratings: Installation and Setup 3/5; Functionality 4/5; Value 4.3/5

A hardwired, Wi-Fi, or interconnected fire alarm system can be expensive, but thanks to the affordable price of the Kidde i9050, users can equip their entire home with smoke detectors without zeroing out their bank accounts. Powered by a 9-volt battery, this basic ionization-style model is hardly a high-tech option, but it’s a reliable choice for smoke detection.

Considering the budget-friendly price, we were skeptical about how well this alarm would perform during testing. While it did perform roughly 10 seconds slower than other devices, its alarm sounded within 25 seconds, and the siren was loud. Also, we were able to silence this alarm much faster than devices that cost four times the price. It truly offers the best value for dollar of any detector on the list, though it doesn’t offer many special features.

Get the Kidde i9050 smoke alarm at Amazon or Walmart.

Best in Tech

Google S3003LWES Nest Protect Smoke and CO Detector

See It

What We Like

• Crystal-clear voice alerts
• Reports to a phone app
• Better looking than other detectors
• Dual-sensor smoke alarm

What We Don’t Like

• Tricky to connect the device to the app
• Must keep app updated

Specs

• Type Split-sensor, which acts as both photoelectric and ionization
• Interconnect Yes
• CO detection Yes

Our Ratings: Installation and Setup 2/5; Functionality 5/5; Value 4.7/5

Equipped with the latest technology, Google’s Nest Protect smoke and carbon monoxide alarm ties into existing hardwired systems and features Wi-Fi communication. Users can program the alarm so it will indicate the location in the home where an alarm is being triggered via both the Nest app and the built-in speaker. It uses dual-sensor technology to detect both smoldering burns and flaming fires. 

In our tests, we found the Nest Protect’s voice activation to be clear and the alarm to be fast. We also liked the appearance of this Wi-Fi smoke detector and appreciated that the baseplate offers quite a bit of rotational adjustment to ensure that it is straight when installed. Connecting the detector to the Nest app took a couple of tries, though. 

There’s a larger caveat regarding this smart smoke alarm and similar models that work with smart-home systems: Their compatibility with those systems depends on app updates, which means users must remember to keep up-to-date on apps. If the app is an old version, the detectors might fail to communicate with a smartphone or central monitoring service. 

Get the Google smoke detector at Amazon, The Home Depot, or Best Buy.

Best Interconnected

X-Sense Interconnected Wireless Smoke and CO Detector

See It

What We Like

• Crystal-clear voice alerts
• Reports to a phone app
• Better looking than other detectors
• Dual-sensor smoke alarm

What We Don’t Like

• Tricky to connect the device to the app
• Must keep app updated

Specs

• Type Split-sensor, which acts as both photoelectric and ionization
• Interconnect Yes
• CO detection Yes

Our Ratings: Installation and Setup 5/5; Functionality 3.3/5; Value 5/5

Interconnected smoke detectors communicate with each other through a wireless signal; once one goes off, they all go off. Connecting them can sometimes be confusing, so we appreciated this three-pack from X-Sense that came interconnected—no app or Wi-Fi needed. Activation was as simple as installing the mount on the wall and attaching the smoke detectors by turning them clockwise.

These X-Sense detectors alert to smoke and dangerous levels of carbon monoxide. The digital display shows the CO levels in ppm and along with the battery level. Fortunately, these smoke detectors each come with a sealed lithium-ion battery that lasts up to ten years and the unit will notify when the battery life has ended, so you won’t have to worry about replacing batteries.

Through testing, we discovered one downside to these smoke alarms: They didn’t alert when we tested them with canned synthetic smoke. Instead, we had to set them off by blowing out a candle, which we held about three feet away. We had installed one of these smoke detectors in our basement, one on our first floor, and another on our second floor. When we set off the alarm on the first floor, all three smoke detectors loudly alerted us. Silencing them was as easy as pressing a button on the alerted detector.

Get the X-Sense interconnected smoke detectors at Amazon.

Best Voice Alarm

First Alert SMCO210V Smoke & Carbon Monoxide Alarm

See It

What We Like

• Comes with a 10-year sealed battery
• Features a loud alarm and voice alerts
• Attractive, slim design

What We Don’t Like

• Test/silence button is very stiff

Specs

• Type Electrochemical and photoelectric
• Interconnect No
• CO detection Yes

Our Ratings: Installation and Setup 5/5; Functionality 4.3/5; Value 4/5

In addition to a loud beeping alarm, First Alert’s SMCO210V smoke and carbon monoxide detector is equipped with voice alerts that relay the location and type of alarm (smoke or CO). This smoke detector has a simple interface with one test/silence button, and programming its location took us less than two minutes. We also appreciated the sealed battery, which lasts up to ten years before the unit needs replacement.

This First Alert smoke detector was one of the loudest we tested. We put it in an upstairs hallway and could hear the beeping alarm from our basement, two floors below. When sprayed with our test can of synthetic smoke, the alarm alerted in less than 15 seconds. 

There was only one thing we didn’t like: The test/silence button was very hard to push. It took us a few tries to silence the alarm after we set it off, simply due to the stiffness of the button.

What our tester says: “This smoke and carbon monoxide detector was one of my favorites. The alarm was loud and the voice alerts were clear, letting me know the location and type of threat.”—Katie Barton, Product Reviews tester and writer

Get the First Alert SMCO210V smoke detector at Amazon, Target, Walmart, or First Alert.

Honorable Mention

SimpliSafe Wireless Smoke Detector

See It

What We Like

• Easy-to-use interface
• Quick to silence
• Compatible with SimpliSafe app and monitoring plan

What We Don’t Like

• Smoke alarm could be louder

Specs

• Type Photoelectric
• Interconnect Yes, via SimpliSafe base station
• CO detection No

Our Ratings: Installation and Setup 5/5; Functionality 4/5; Value 4/5

The SimpliSafe wireless smoke detector can be used in two ways. First, it can be used as a standalone smoke detector without owning other SimpliSafe products. It’s easy to set up, and during testing, the alarm sounded when synthetic smoke was sprayed nearby without having it connected to any other SimpliSafe products. Second, SimpliSafe users can connect it to their app and base station.

When connected to a SimpliSafe system, this smoke detector sends real-time alerts through the app and triggers the base station alarm. With optional SimpliSafe monitoring, fire rescue can be dispatched even if the user is away from the home.

Unfortunately, this model doesn’t monitor CO levels like many similarly priced smoke detectors. We also thought its alarm was a little on the quiet side. Still, it’s a good fit for those who already utilize SimpliSafe security products.

Get the SimpliSafe smoke detector at Amazon or Best Buy.

Also Consider

First Alert Z-Wave Smoke & Carbon Monoxide Alarm

See It

What We Like

• Easy to install
• Loud enough to hear throughout the home
• Fastest activation of our test group

What We Don’t Like

• Requires Ring hub for full features and connectivity

Specs

• Type Combination photoelectric smoke and electrochemical CO
• Interconnect Yes, via Ring hub
• CO detection Yes

Our Ratings: Installation and Setup 4/5; Functionality 3.7/5; Value 4.3/5

For those who want to set up their own interconnected system that they can access from a phone and other devices, First Alert’s Z-Wave smoke detector and carbon monoxide alarm is worth considering. This combination smoke detector interfaces with the Ring Alarm hub and app, offering users real-time alerts wherever they have internet service. This unit features a photoelectric smoke sensor and an electrochemical carbon monoxide detector to alert under a variety of conditions.

Like most First Alert devices, the Z-Wave alarm was very easy to install. The audible alarm was very loud and activated faster than it took to reach for our stopwatch. The only issues we experienced when testing were its refusal to silence (a common problem with First Alert), and, obviously, if you don’t have a hub, this will only work as a basic combination detector.

Get the First Alert Z-Wave smoke detector at Amazon, Lowe’s, or Bed Bath & Beyond.

ALSO TESTED

A smoke detector should be easy to use, loud enough to alert household residents, and quick to alert in the case of smoke or detected carbon monoxide. Unfortunately, not all of the smoke detectors we tested met these thresholds. 

• The Ring Alarm Smoke & CO Listener is a nice idea in theory, but we didn’t find it practical for the average homeowner. 
• The Kidde P4010LDCS-W Smoke Alarm was impossible to set up. It’s designed to link to the Kidde app via Bluetooth but would not register on any of the devices that we tried.
• First Alert’s Hardwired LED Strobe Light Smoke Alarm was a big disappointment, especially for the cost. Despite numerous attempts, we couldn’t get the strobe to light.

Jump to Our Top Picks

How We Tested the Best Smoke Detectors

While pressing the “test” button is a perfectly fine way for folks to perform once-a-month testing on a smoke detector, a simple button test cannot tell the whole story of how well a unit will perform. A lot more went into our testing, including nearly a decade of experience working with commercial fire alarms.

After researching more than 20 top-rated smoke detector models, we chose 15 to test, not all of which made our final list. We installed each of these units individually, according to the directions, to determine how easy they were to set up. We also tested each device by spraying two puffs of canned synthetic smoke—the same type used when testing fire alarms professionally. We timed each to get a solid sense of how long activation took, and then we compared the results. 

We used a standardized rubric to keep track of our testing results, rating each smoke detector on a scale of 1-5 based on installation, setup, functionality, and value metrics. At the end of testing, we tallied these results to find the winners.

What to Consider When Choosing a Smoke Detector

Even if tested annually, a smoke detector has an operational lifespan of only 10 years. Any model older than that should be replaced, regardless of its working condition. To help make an informed decision, learn about the following key features that pop up when considering the wide range of models currently on the market. 

Types of Smoke Detectors

There are three main smoke sensor types: photoelectric, ionization, and dual sensor. While they all do the same job, they go about it differently. 

Photoelectric

The chamber of a photoelectric smoke detector contains an LED light, which shoots a beam across the chamber, and a sensor that sits approximately 90 degrees from the LED. Under normal conditions, the sensor can’t “see” the LED beam, but when smoke enters the chamber, the light reflects off smoke particulates, and the sensor detects the beam. 

The instant the sensor detects the beam, the alarm activates. Photoelectric smoke detectors are most effective at detecting smoldering burns—barely burning fires that can, frighteningly, smolder for days before becoming a bigger issue. 

Ionization 

Though these detectors employ radioactive materials, alpha rays, and other seemingly sci-fi–inspired technology, they operate in a fairly simple way. A chamber fills with tiny particles called ions, which are held in place by electrical charges. A sensor in the chamber knows how many ions are contained within. When smoke enters the chamber, it removes some of the ions, affecting the sensor’s count and sounding the alarm. 

Ionization smoke detectors are most effective against fires that are actively flaming. 

Dual Sensor 

Just as the category name suggests, these detectors use both types of sensors. There’s no winner in a race against photoelectric and ionization detectors, and they each have their own strengths. The use of both sensor types means faster detection of threats across the range of different materials that could be burning. 

Hardwired vs. Battery Operated

Battery-operated models, which tend to cost less, are usually stand-alone detectors. This means an activated smoke detector cannot alarm a monitoring system or other sensors in the home; only the detector in the smoky area will sound an alarm. The exception would be battery-operated models that are part of a home security system. 

Hardwired smoke detectors connect directly to the home’s electrical system. When one detector sounds an alarm, typically, all of the detectors follow suit. While this may make it harder to pinpoint the unit that actually detected the potential fire, it alerts everyone in the house to danger.

Most residential hardwired home safety systems use battery backups, so even if the power goes out, the home will still have some fire safety protection—and that’s the best of both worlds. In commercial applications, things work a bit differently in that the fire alarm panel will rely on the batteries to keep the alarm system live until the generators kick on or the power comes back.

Interconnectivity

Briefly touched upon above, interconnectivity refers to smoke detectors’ ability to “talk” to each other, alerting the entire system to potential danger. For example, if there were an electrical fire within the car in an attached garage sensed by an interconnected detector, the entire system throughout the house would activate immediately. 

Fires can double in size every 60 seconds, so if residents were to be sleeping on the other side of the house, they might not hear a stand-alone detector activate in the garage. Interconnected detectors would make them aware of the threat—hopefully before it’s too late to react.

Carbon Monoxide

In a similar circumstance, a car left running in the garage can produce fatal levels of carbon monoxide (CO), which could prove particularly dangerous to folks sleeping in a bedroom above. Smoke detectors with carbon monoxide sensors add another level of safety. While all homes should have carbon monoxide alarms, homes with gas or oil heat and hot water are particularly vulnerable to carbon monoxide buildup. If you don’t have a plug-in CO detector, a dual smoke detector with a built-in carbon monoxide detector is a wise purchase.

Monitoring

Interconnected detectors are often part of a monitored home security system. The great benefit of these systems is they can alert the local fire department, even if no one is at home to make the emergency call. A carbon monoxide issue could render those inside unable to call the fire department, so the monitoring company can make that call, possibly saving lives.

UL Listing

Quality smoke detectors are UL listed. This certification ensures that the detectors meet Underwriters Laboratories’ (UL) stringent testing requirements. Given the importance of purchasing the best smoke detector system that a household can afford, it’s not worth the risk to install anything that isn’t UL listed.

Smart Features

For those interested in the latest fire safety technology, some good smoke alarms do boast smart features. Many of these smart smoke detectors not only communicate with an overseeing alarm system but also with users’ phones through Wi-Fi. Some models even allow users to employ any TV remote to mute an activated detector. 

FAQs

Now that you know a bit more about the best smoke detectors, some questions may still pop up. Here are answers to some of the most frequently asked questions, so check below for the information that will clarify your queries.

Meet the Testers

Katie Barton is a home improvement writer with over ten years of experience. She extensively tests products to help readers find the best value and features for their money. 

Tom Scalisi is a full-time DIY and construction writer for many of the largest websites in the industry. He spent years in the fire safety industry, both installing and testing commercial fire alarm and suppression systems.

The post Keep Your Home and Family Safe With One of Our Favorite Smoke Detectors appeared first on Bob Vila.

Whether you’re painting the living room or a patio table, applying a prep coat of primer to the surface can improve adherence, prevent peeling, and reduce the number of coats needed to finish the job. While all primers contain more resins and less pigment than paint, formulas vary from product to product. We tested some of the most popular options to find out which primer works best for different situations. Our number one pick is Rust-Oleum’s Zinsser Bulls Eye with its low odor and ability to work on multiple surfaces.

The right primer for your project depends on the environment you’ll be working in, the surface you’ll be painting, and your preferences for the time frame of the job and its final look. Read on to find out what makes a quality paint primer and why the below options rank as our top favorites among the best paint primers we tested.

1. BEST OVERALL: Rust-Oleum Zinsser Bulls Eye 1-2-3 Water-Base Primer
2. BEST BANG FOR THE BUCK: Kilz Original Interior Primer
3. BEST ALL-PURPOSE: Kilz 2 All-Purpose Interior/Exterior Primer
4. BEST FOR METAL: Rust-Oleum Clean Metal Primer
5. BEST FOR GLOSSY SURFACES: Kilz Adhesion Interior/Exterior Primer
6. BEST FOR ODOR BLOCKING: Kilz Restoration Interior Primer
7. BEST FOR EXTERIOR: Kilz 3 Premium Interior/Exterior Primer
8. BEST FOR INTERIOR WALLS: Sherwin-Williams SuperPaint Interior Acrylic Latex

Product Comparison

Our Top Picks

We spent hours narrowing the paint primer market and testing the top-rated products. One or more of these recommendations for the best paint primer may suit your specific needs.

Best Overall

Rust-Oleum Zinsser Bulls Eye 1-2-3 Water-Base Primer

See It

What We Like

• Low-VOC and low-odor formula
• Mold- and mildew-resistant
• Works on multiple surface types

What We Don’t Like

• Thin viscosity; second coat may be required for proper coverage

Product Specs 

• Interior/exterior: Both
• Recoat time: 1 hour
• Base material: Water-based acrylic

Rust-Oleum is well known for its protective paints and coatings. Its Zinsser Bulls Eye 1-2-3 water-base primer is an all-purpose primer-sealer that sticks to various surfaces without sanding and works with any top coat. The brand is regarded as one of the top producers of rust-preventive paints.

The primer is low odor, low in volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and provides excellent coverage on interior and exterior surfaces. It’s made from water-based acrylic and is designed to resist blistering, peeling, and mold and mildew growth. The primer is tintable and available in white or gray. It’s also available in spray-paint form.

We tested this primer on multiple surfaces, including drywall, wood, metal, and plastic. It readily stuck to all of those surfaces and provided a textured finished surface that easily held onto a top coat of paint. The primer did not completely block the water stain on drywall, but we expected that—most white primers do not. We thought the paint was thin and needed two coats on all surfaces to ensure an even, smooth top coat. Overall, we liked this primer’s versatility of use on multiple surfaces, making it our top choice.

Get the Rust-Oleum Zinsser paint primer at Amazon or Ace Hardware.

Best Bang for the Buck

Kilz Original Interior Primer

See It

What We Like

• Effectively blocks stains and odors
• Applies smoothly and evenly
• Lower-VOC formula

What We Don’t Like

• Strong odor

Product Specs 

• Interior/exterior: Interior
• Recoat time: 2 hours or less
• Base material: Oil

Kilz is a trusted paint brand, especially for primers. Kilz Original interior primer is the company’s flagship primer designed to block most heavy interior stains on wood, drywall, plaster, paneling, wallpaper, masonry, brick, and painted metal. It also works on properly prepared glossy surfaces.

The primer is oil-based but can be used as a base coat for latex and oil paints. Kilz is our go-to primer for tough stains in our household. Previously, we had only used the spray-can version but found that the can version works just as well. We tested the primer on water stains on our drywall and as a base coat on various materials, including wood, brick, and metal. The primer adhered well to porous surfaces, but we did need to sand the metal before priming.

The white primer paint did a decent job blocking light-colored stains. However, in our experience with trying to hide stubborn stains on drywall, the primer works best at hiding stains when tinted gray.

Although it is available in a lower-VOC formula, it is not low VOC and the odor was strong. We recommend using a respirator or working in a well-ventilated area when using this primer. Overall, Kilz Original is a solid performer, and we highly recommend it for any ventilated interior primer application.

Get the Kilz Original paint primer at Ace Hardware.

Best All-Purpose

Kilz 2 All-Purpose Interior/Exterior Primer

See It

What We Like

• Minimal odor
• Mildew-resistant finish
• Easy soap-and-water cleanup
• Low-VOC formula

What We Don’t Like

• Only blocks light to medium stains

Product Specs 

• Interior/exterior: Both
• Recoat time: 1 hour
• Base material: Water

Kilz 2 all-purpose interior/exterior primer is a general-purpose primer well suited for use on various DIY projects. This water-based primer has a drastically lower VOC content than the Original Kilz Primer, and it works under or over water-based or oil-based paints. It blocks light to medium stains and mild odors, and it leaves a mildew-resistant finish.

Kilz 2 all-purpose primer works well for general-purpose priming and sealing needs. In testing, it left a smooth base coat on drywall and bare wood. It did a moderate job blocking dark stains on walls, but it effectively blocked lighter stains like pencil marks, minor scuffs, and markers. We recommend using Kilz 2 for priming old walls before repainting or for any exterior surface as a base coat for exterior paint. It’s also handy to use a primer for craft painting projects.

Get the Kilz 2 paint primer at Lowe’s, Ace Hardware, or The Home Depot. 

Best for Metal

Rust-Oleum Clean Metal Primer

See It

What We Like

• Prevents rust from growing in some areas
• Suitable for both indoor and outdoor use
• Weather- and corrosion-resistant

What We Don’t Like

• Metal surfaces should be sanded beforehand

Product Specs 

• Interior/exterior: Both
• Recoat time: 24 hours
• Base material: Oil

Rust-Oleum Clean Metal primer is formulated to cover lightly rusted metals as well as bare and previously painted metals. It’s weather- and corrosion-resistant and bonds tightly to exterior/interior surfaces like wood, metal, concrete, and masonry.

This primer is designed primarily for use on metal, but it works well on other surfaces. It did a good job blocking rust stains on a metal bench we refinished, and it provided a smooth surface for a top coat. The only real drawback of this primer was that the smooth surfaces required prep work before use—smooth, hard, or glossy finishes need sanding for the primer to adhere. However, after applying onto sanded metal, it did form a durable finish, and the top coat went on beautifully.

Get the Rust-Oleum metal paint primer at Amazon, Ace Hardware, or The Home Depot.

Best for Glossy Surfaces

Kilz Adhesion Interior/Exterior Primer

See It

What We Like

• Bonds to glossy surfaces without sanding
• Can be used on products containing xylene or other solvents
• Easy soap-and-water cleanup after use

What We Don’t Like

• Not for wet floors or horizontal surfaces

Product Specs 

• Interior/exterior: Both
• Recoat time: 1 hour
• Base material: Water

Kilz Adhesion interior/exterior primer is formulated to bond to various tough-to-paint surfaces such as PVC, vinyl, glass, tile, and glazed brick. The water-based primer offers the same stain- and odor-blocking properties as the other Kilz primers. Unlike the other primers in the Kilz line, Adhesion does not require sanding a glossy surface before primer application.

Since this primer is virtually identical in its stain and odor properties to the others in the Kilz lines, we primarily tested its ability to stick to slick surfaces. We applied the primer to plastic, metals, and glazed ceramic. We did not sand the surface before application. It did adhere to the surfaces pretty well, but we did find that applying the primer in thin, multiple layers produced better results. Although it took at least two coats, we prefer to paint two coats rather than sanding the entire surface first.

Get the Kilz Adhesion paint primer at Amazon.

Best for Odor Blocking

Kilz Restoration Interior Primer

See It

What We Like

• Minimal odor and low-VOC formula
• Easy soap-and-water cleanup
• Provides a smooth finish

What We Don’t Like

• Does not block or cover heavy or prominent stains

Product Specs 

• Interior/exterior: Interior
• Recoat time: 1 hour
• Base material: Water

Water, mold, and rust stains are tough to cover, but odors are even harder to conceal. Smoke, pet urine, and food odors often require using an oil-based or shellac-based primer to seal them into the surface before painting. However, Kilz Restoration interior primer offers the same performance as oil-based primers but with the easy cleanup convenience of water-based paint.

Like the other primers offered by Kilz, this primer did an adequate job of covering most light to medium stains. However, Kilz Restoration shines as an odor blocker. We tested this primer drywall in a room where smokers previously resided. The primer went on smoothly and sealed in the odor. Once the top coat was applied, there was no hint of the smell. It did a moderate job concealing old water stains, but we expected that.

Since this primer is mainly formulated for odor blocking, we suggest only using this primer for that purpose. Kilz Original primer is a better stain blocker.

Get the Kilz Restoration paint primer at Amazon, Ace Hardware, or The Home Depot.

Best for Exterior

Kilz 3 Premium Interior/Exterior Primer

See It

What We Like

• Blocks most medium to heavy stains
• No-VOC formula
• Great in moisture-prone areas

What We Don’t Like

• Not meant for applying to glossy surfaces

Product Specs 

• Interior/exterior: Both
• Recoat time: 1 hour
• Base material: Latex

Kilz 3 Premium interior/exterior primer is formulated to minimize problems caused by color changes, minor stains, surface textures, and porosity differences. This primer offers excellent adhesion, a mildew-resistant coating, and seals interior and exterior surfaces for a uniform finish.

In testing, we found that this primer did an excellent job sealing new wood framing on our covered deck. It left an ultrasmooth finish, and the top coat went on smoothly. The primed and painted wood has been through a few rainstorms and high humidity conditions for a few weeks, and the surface still looks amazing.

As a stain blocker, it did a decent job covering up an older painted surface with minor mold and dirt discoloration. The only con we found with this primer was that it’s not made to adhere to glossy surfaces without preparation. However, it’s an excellent primer for exterior use because it sticks readily to plaster, paneling, masonry, brick, and painted metal without issue.

Get the Kilz 3 Premium paint primer at Lowe’s, Ace Hardware, or The Home Depot.

Best for Interior Walls

Sherwin-Williams SuperPaint Interior Acrylic Latex

See It

What We Like

• Thick paint goes on smoothly
• Can also be used on ceilings
• Tintable in Sherwin-Williams’ full color options
• Low-VOC formula

What We Don’t Like

• Expensive compared to similar options

Product Specs 

• Interior/exterior: Interior
• Recoat time: 1 hour
• Base material: Latex

Sherwin-Williams SuperPaint is the brand’s paint-and-primer combo available in interior and exterior formulations. The interior version is designed for one coat coverage on drywall, trim, and ceilings. SuperPaint creates a lasting finish and a surface that holds up to scrubbing.

We have used SuperPaint as our primary wall paint for years. It’s thicker than most interior paints, which allows it to cover in fewer coats than cheaper paints. The flat finish is perfect for ceilings, too. We could achieve solid coverage on walls in two coats, even over darker paint. Although we were able to cover a similar color wall in one coat in the past, we think it looks better with two coats of paint. The only con we have with this paint is that it’s expensive. However, Sherwin-Williams often offers promos that can help offset the cost.

Get the Sherwin-Williams paint primer at Sherwin-Williams.

Jump to Our Top Picks

How We Tested the Best Paint Primers

We tested each paint primer according to established rubrics, including how easy it was to apply, how well it adhered to various surfaces, and its stain- and odor-blocking abilities. We rated each primer based on these rubrics on a scale between 0 and 4 to determine a score. Lastly, we tested the primer’s durability and how attractive the final finish appeared on each surface.

We applied each primer to metal, masonry, drywall, and wood surfaces. The drywall surfaces included water stains, mildew, and lingering smoke odors. We applied two coats of primer to each surface and allowed it to dry for an hour, and then followed up with a flat white top coat to determine if there was any bleedthrough of stains and to judge the smoothness of the top coat.

What to Consider When Choosing a Paint Primer

When choosing a primer for your project, there are several features to consider. The best paint primer options efficiently cover multiple surfaces, block stains, and ensure an even, smooth top coat. Here are more details about important features to consider when choosing a paint primer.

Project Environment

Paint primers come in three formulas: interior/exterior, exterior, and interior.

Interior/exterior primers are suited for indoor and outdoor use, while exterior primers are designed for outdoor use only. Both contain additives that stave off UV-related fading and moisture-related mold issues; they also add flexibility to withstand frequent outdoor temperature changes, preventing the paint from peeling or cracking.

Interior primers, formulated without exterior additives, are only suitable for indoor use. Interior/exterior primer is the best bet for doing a range of painting jobs, indoors and out. Plus, choosing a primer that works inside and outside saves on the costs of buying separate interior and exterior products.

Surface

Each type of primer may adhere better to different surfaces. The following details the best primer type for common household surfaces:

• Bare wood: Apply an oil-based or latex primer to wood that has never been stained or painted to help seal the porous surface. Keep in mind that oil-based primers tend to emit more VOCs (smelly pollutants) than do latex primers.
• Drywall: Apply a latex primer to drywall, as an oil-based primer can raise the grain and make the surface look uneven.
• Stain-prone surfaces: Use a stain-blocking primer on stained wood, bare wood with high tannin content that can bleed out (e.g., cedar or redwood), interior walls with water or smoke stains, or cabinets/trim with grease stains. It will cover stains and keep them from bleeding into and discoloring top coats.
  • Choose latex stain-blocking primer if the stains are solvent-based (e.g., crayons or grease).
  • Choose an oil-based stain-blocking primer if the stain is water-based (e.g., water-based wood stain, smoke, or tannin).
• Painted wood: An oil-based primer is usually best for painted wood that shows chalking (a chalky powder on the surface as the paint binder degrades) or chipping; it will dry into a denser, smoother foundation to minimize these imperfections.
• Metal: Choose a rust-resistant oil-based primer on metals such as aluminum to avoid the formation of rust, which the water in latex primer can promote.
• Glossy surfaces: Bonding primer, formulated to stick to glossy surfaces, is a must for the slick likes of glass, plastic, or glazed tile.

Dedicated Primer vs. Paint-and-Primer in One

Self-priming paints—also known as paint-and-primer combo products—let users prime and paint a surface in a single step. But these two-in-one products are only recommended if all of the following are true:

• You’re not painting bare or stained wood.
• Your painting surface has no stains or signs of peeling.
• You’re repainting a previously painted surface in the same color or going from a lighter to a darker paint color.

Choose separate paint and primer to improve paint adhesion in the following situations:

• You’re painting bare or stained wood.
• You’re painting over a surface that has stains or is peeling.
• You’re switching from a darker to a lighter paint color.
• You want to use a paint with a different base than that of the primer. For example, use an oil-based primer with a latex paint to take advantage of the rot resistance of the oil primer and the lower VOCs and faster drying of the latex paint.
• You want to cover an old oil-based paint coat with a latex paint coat. An intervening layer of a dedicated primer is needed for optimal adhesion of the latex paint.

Tintability

Primer usually comes in white or gray. Use either color as is without tinting it or have the primer tinted to a hue that’s slightly lighter than the top coat. Tinting primer, which requires buying a primer labeled “tintable,” generally achieves a deeper, richer, and more uniform final color but is particularly recommended in the following situations:

• You’re changing the color from darker to lighter. The tinted primer reduces the number of paint coats needed to hide the darker base coat.
• For stubborn stains, like water or mildew, a tinted primer is necessary to block the stain effectively from bleeding through, especially when there is a light-color top coat.
• You’re changing from a lighter to a dramatically darker color, e.g., light blue to black. The tinted primer ensures that even if the top coat is uneven, no patches of white or gray primer will show through it.

Dry Time

Pay attention to the “dry-to-recoat” time specified on the primer packaging—an indication of when the primer is dry enough to be recoated either with another coat of primer or with paint. In general, latex primers have a shorter dry-to-recoat time of no more than 1 hour, whereas oil-based primers need 1 to 3 hours before they can be recoated.

FAQs

Meet the Tester

Debbie Wolfe is a photographer, author, and freelance writer in various niches. She has contributed hundreds of home, garden, and crafting articles and DIY tutorials for leading media outlets and retailers, including HGTV, Real Simple, Forbes Advisor, The Spruce, The Home Depot, Walmart, and Mother Earth News. She is the author of two DIY books: Do-It-Yourself Garden Projects and Crafts and Crafting with Herbs from Skyhorse Publishing. Her testing approach is straightforward and budget-minded.

Additional research provided by Manasa Reddigari.

The post 8 ​​Paint Primers That Provide a Blank Slate For Painting appeared first on Bob Vila.

Q: The cabinet under my kitchen sink has been soggy lately. Could this be a sign of a leaking garbage disposal? If so, how can I repair it myself?

A: A leaking garbage disposal often goes unnoticed until you confront a sopping cabinet, a foul-smelling puddle, or an audible drip-drip-drip from the unit. The fix can be frustrating, too, because the leak can stem from a number of components in the system. Fortunately, with a little sleuthing, you can zero in on the leak and, depending on the exact location, stop the icky oozing and repair the component that caused it. Following this process will help you isolate and fix the link.

Prepare to find the leak.

Before testing the garbage disposal for leaks, unplug it at the wall outlet, and turn off the power at the breaker box to prevent electrical shock. Then insert a watertight sink stopper into your sink drain and wipe the unit dry with a clean cloth. In any handy container, mix a few drops of food coloring into a few cups of water, and pour the dyed water onto the sink stopper to help you locate the leak.

Investigate the source.

Using a flashlight, examine the unit for escaping colored water, which is likely to come from one of three places:

• the top, where the disposal meets the sink drain
• the side, where the dishwasher hose or main drain pipe connects to the disposal
• or the bottom of the unit

Inspect each of these locations while gliding a light-colored rag over the unit; the dyed water will readily show on the rag and reveal the location of the leak. If a leak isn’t immediately apparent, remove the sink stopper and pour a few more cups of dyed water down the sink drain, then check for leaks again. Leaks near the top of the unit are more likely to show themselves while the sink is plugged, while side and bottom leaks are more noticeable while the sink is unplugged.

If the top of the garbage disposal is leaking, re-seal and tighten the sink flange.

The metal sink flange that sits directly inside the sink drain is typically sealed around the top with plumber’s putty (a clay-like sealant) and then secured from under the sink with bolts. If the plumber’s putty deteriorates, or the bolts loosen, the flange can no longer form a watertight seal between the sink drain and the disposal, which could cause a leak at the top of the unit.

To reseal the leaky flange, you must first detach the garbage disposal:

• Start by loosening the screws securing the main drain pipe to the disposal, then loosen the screws in the metal clamp securing the dishwasher hose to the disposal and detach the drain pipe and dishwasher hose from the disposal.
• Loosen the screws in the mounting ring that connects the disposal to the metal mounting assembly beneath the sink, then pull down the disposal and carefully set it on a clean, dry surface.
• Loosen the bolts in the mounting assembly with a wrench, then pull down the mounting assembly and set it near the disposal.

Lift the sink flange from the top of the sink. Use a plastic putty knife to scrape off the old plumber’s putty around the top of the flange, then wipe off any putty residue with a damp rag. Scoop a palmful of plumber’s putty (available at hardware stores, home centers, and online) and roll it into an 1/8-inch to 1/4-inch-wide “rope” with a length roughly equal to the circumference of the flange. Wrap the rope of putty around the top of the flange like a collar, then insert the flange into the sink drain opening until snug. Re-install the mounting assembly and mounting ring (taking care to securely tighten the mounting bolts on the mounting assembly), then reattach the garbage disposal, drain pipe, and dishwasher hose in the reverse order you detached them.

If the side of the garbage disposal is leaking, tighten drain line connections and replace worn gaskets.

Two drain lines extend from the sides of a garbage disposal: a narrower dishwasher hose that connects the dishwasher drain pipe to your disposal’s dishwasher inlet, and the main drain pipe that connects your disposal to the sewer through an outlet in the wall.

If you spy a leak on the side of the disposal where the dishwasher hose meets the disposal’s dishwasher inlet, the problem could be that the metal clamp connecting them is loose. In that case, tighten the screws in the metal clamp with a screwdriver.

If the leak is on the side where the disposal meets the waste drain pipe, loosen the screws that secure the drain pipe to the disposal and inspect the rubber gasket inside the pipe—it may well be worn out. Replace the gasket and re-tighten the drain pipe screws.

If the bottom of the unit is leaking, replace the disposal.

Leaks from the bottom of the garbage disposal (often from the reset button) commonly indicate that at least one seal on the interior shell of the unit that protects the motor has deteriorated, or that the shell itself has cracked. These vulnerabilities can cause water from the sink to seep into the shell of the disposal and leak out of the base of the unit. In an old garbage disposal, one compromised internal seal is often accompanied by others, so your best bet is to install a new one.

Hiring a pro to replace the unit will run you $400 on average, including labor and parts, or you can install a garbage disposal yourself and save anywhere from $90 to $200 in labor costs. You should be able to get eight to 15 years of use out of a new garbage disposal. (Our researched guide to the best garbage disposals can help you research quality options.)

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Test the repair or replacement by running water through the drain.

Whether you repaired or replaced the leaking garbage disposal, you will want to test your work to make sure the unit is shipshape. Wipe the unit dry with a clean cloth, then unplug the sink drain (if plugged) and pour a few cups of dyed water into the drain once more. Use a flashlight to inspect the entire unit. If you don’t see a leak, turn on the power to the disposal from your breaker box and plug in the disposal at the wall outlet.

How to Prevent a Garbage Disposal From Leaking

Proper use of a garbage disposal can stave off future leaks:

• Remember to grind only soft foods; hard items such as bones, apple cores, or raw potatoes can dislodge or damage the internal seals.
• Run hot water through the sink drain before and after food disposal to keep solid fats from congealing (which can deteriorate the sink flange and cause leaks).
• Inspect your disposal for leaks at least twice a year using the dyed-water test. It’s important to catch and repair minor leaks before they lead to water-damaged sink cabinets or kitchen floors.

The post What to Do About a Leaking Garbage Disposal appeared first on Bob Vila.

Sure, a shower provides an efficient, refreshing way to get clean, but when it comes to real relaxation, it’s hard to beat a warm soak in a freestanding tub. All tubs are nice, but a freestanding tub is typically spacious and can serve as a bathroom focal point that’s as striking to look at as it is comfortable to loll in. 

These tubs come in different shapes, sizes, and styles to suit a host of bathroom decor preferences. To find the best, we combed through dozens of user reviews and compared prices, features, and construction. After careful consideration, our top choice is the Empava 67-Inch Freestanding Soaking Bathtub. It offers plenty of leg room and depth for optimal relaxation and is made from lightweight but durable acrylic. 

We also interviewed a plumbing expert for insight on choosing the right tub material and size, as this will vary based on a bathroom’s setup. Read on for the features to consider when shopping for one of these beautiful bath upgrades as well as our lineup of the best freestanding tubs. 

1. BEST OVERALL: Empava 67-Inch Freestanding Soaking Bathtub
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2. BEST BANG FOR THE BUCK: Vanity Art 67-Inch Freestanding Bathtub
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3. BEST WHIRLPOOL: Woodbridge Venezia 71-Inch Whirlpool Bathtub
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4. BEST FOR TWO: Anzzi Lusso 75.5-Inch Man-Made Stone Bathtub
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5. BEST CLAW-FOOT: AKDY Fiberglass Single Slipper Clawfoot Bathtub
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6. BEST SMALL: Woodbridge 54-Inch Acrylic Soaking Tub
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7. BEST LARGE: Woodbridge B1701 Acrylic Freestanding Soaking Bathtub
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8. BEST RECTANGULAR: Vanity Art 59-Inch Freestanding Soaking Bathtub
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Our Top Picks

Consider these top freestanding tubs selected from a range of options for their size, style, material construction, faucet compatibility, and overall value.

Best Overall

Empava 67-Inch Freestanding Soaking Bathtub

See It

What We Like

• Features a built-in overflow system and pop-up drain
• Luxurious double-slipper design 
• Double-walled construction helps keep water warm
• Deep 15-inch soaking depth

What We Don’t Like

• A freestanding or wall-mounted faucet is necessary

Specs

• Style: Double slipper
• Material: Acrylic
• Dimensions: 67 inches long by 29.5 inches wide by 26.5 inches tall

Update the bathroom with this attractive double-slipper freestanding tub by Empava. The acrylic construction is lightweight yet durable, so bathers can enjoy years of relaxing soaks. We like that it features a built-in overflow system, a pop-up drain for easy filling and emptying, and double-walled fiberglass reinforcement to retain water temperature. All of these features and the smooth, luxurious design and finish come at a fairly affordable price.

This contemporary freestanding tub measures 67 inches long by 29.5 inches wide by 26.5 inches tall, with a soaking depth of 15 inches for full-body immersion. Installing this tub requires a freestanding or wall-mounted faucet since the tub does not have a tap deck for faucet installation. 

Get the Empava 67-inch freestanding tub at Amazon, The Home Depot, or Walmart.

Best Bang for the Buck

Vanity Art 67-Inch Freestanding Bathtub

See It

What We Like

• Long, 67-inch length
• Features a self-leveling base for stability
• Drain and overflow plate available in several finishes
• Competitively priced compared to similar options

What We Don’t Like

• Requires a freestanding or wall-mounted faucet

Specs

• Style: Soaking tub
• Material: Acrylic
• Dimensions: 67 inches long by 32.3 inches wide by 23 inches tall

A freestanding tub needn’t break the bank. Those looking for a competitively priced option that still delivers on quality and style will appreciate this Vanity Art tub. At 67 inches long and with a soaking depth of 16 inches, this tub provides plenty of space to stretch out and relax. Its contemporary design works with a number of bathroom styles, and its drain and overflow plate come in several popular finish options.

The Vanity Art tub is made of 100% glossy acrylic and reinforced with fiberglass, making it durable and easy to clean. Its self-leveling base provides stability on uneven floors. This tub doesn’t have a tap deck, so a wall-mounted or freestanding faucet is required.

Get the Vanity Art freestanding tub at Wayfair, Amazon, The Home Depot, or Lowes.

Best Whirlpool

Woodbridge Venezia 71-Inch Whirlpool Bathtub

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What We Like

• Adjustable back and foot massage jets
• Constructed with fiberglass reinforcement 
• Bubbler jets provide a gentle air massage
• Stain-resistant exterior for easy cleaning

What We Don’t Like

• Lacks built-in faucet

Specs

• Style: Double slipper
• Material: Acrylic
• Dimensions: 71 inches long by 31.5 inches wide by 29 inches tall

This luxurious jetted tub features six adjustable body-massage jets and 10 bubbler jets to enhance bather comfort, soothe muscle aches, and relieve joint pain. It’s made of lightweight acrylic reinforced with fiberglass to improve heat retention and increase durability.

This stand alone tub has a stain-resistant exterior that is easy to keep clean with regular maintenance and care. Bathers can control the bubbler jets, massage jets, and the underwater chromotherapy light with the controls on the side of the tub. Just keep in mind that this freestanding jetted tub does require a freestanding or wall-mounted faucet or filler. 

Get the Woodbridge Venezia freestanding tub at Lowe’s, The Home Depot, or Woodbridge Bath.

Best for Two

Anzzi Lusso 75.5-Inch Man-Made Stone Bathtub

See It

What We Like

• 2-person freestanding tub with wider design 
• Built-in overflow system and a convenient pop-up drain
• Offers an impressive 15.5-inch depth 
• Resistant to discoloration and unsightly stains

What We Don’t Like

• Heavy, requiring reinforcing of the floor before installation

Specs

• Style: Soaking tub
• Material: Man-made stone
• Dimensions: 75.5 inches long by 40.5 inches wide by 23 inches tall

Composed of rugged man-made stone, this freestanding soaker is as durable as it is indulgent. The tub measures 75.5 inches long by 40.5 inches wide by 23 inches tall and has a 15.5-inch soaking depth, allowing two bathers to immerse completely. The high-end material is resistant to discoloration and staining. 

The freestanding bathtub doesn’t have a tap deck, so you’ll want to invest in a freestanding or wall-mounted faucet or filler. Additionally, the tub weighs 363 pounds empty, so with water and two bathers added to the equation, it’s very heavy—reinforcing the bathroom floor before installation is recommended. 

Get the Anzzi freestanding tub at Wayfair, The Home Depot, or Luxe Bathroom Vanities.

Best Claw-Foot

AKDY Fiberglass Single Slipper Clawfoot Bathtub

See It

What We Like

• Heavy-duty acrylic and fiberglass construction 
• Double-walled design effectively maintains water temperature
• Glossy tub with chrome claw-foot finish

What We Don’t Like

• Might not suit a more modern bathroom

Specs

• Style: Single slipper
• Material: Acrylic
• Dimensions: 59.8 inches long by 28 inches wide by 30.3 inches tall

Claw-foot tubs exude a sense of timeless luxury, and this model from AKDY makes a perfect addition when adding a touch of glam to a space. Constructed from acrylic and reinforced with fiberglass, it promises durability along with its appealing aesthetics. The tub features an ergonomic backrest for the ultimate in comfort and relaxation. 

The tub’s glossy finish and chrome-finished claw feet add an opulent touch, while its double-walled structure retains warmth. Designed for easy maintenance, its surface resists regular wear and tear like chipping and discoloration. It’s ready for seamless integration with most tub fillers. 

Get the AKDY freestanding tub at Lowe’s, The Home Depot, or Wayfair.

Best Small

Woodbridge 54-Inch Acrylic Soaking Tub

See It

What We Like

• Compact design allows for use in smaller spaces
• Reinforced with fiberglass
• Drain and overflow system available in several finishes

What We Don’t Like

• May feel cramped for some users
• Necessitates a separate freestanding or wall-mounted faucet

Specs

• Style: Single slipper
• Material: Acrylic
• Dimensions: 54 inches long by 28.4 inches wide by 28.8 inches tall

Smaller bathrooms can have the pleasure and presence of a stand-alone tub with this acrylic model from Woodbridge. The compact bathtub measures just 54 inches long by 28.4 inches wide by 28.8 inches tall. Its single-slipper design is ideal for bathers who prefer to sit against the raised wall as they soak.

The tub requires a freestanding or wall-mounted faucet because it lacks a tap deck. It has a built-in overflow system and a pop-up drain available in brushed nickel, brushed gold, chrome, matte black, or oil-rubbed bronze to suit other bathroom fixtures.

Get the Woodbridge 54-inch freestanding tub at Amazon, Lowe’s, or Woodbridge Bath.

Best Large

Woodbridge B1701 Acrylic Freestanding Soaking Bathtub

See It

What We Like

• Durable acrylic and fiberglass composition ensures longevity
• Slip-resistant bottom adheres to ASTM safety standards
• Generous size holds up 65 gallons of water

What We Don’t Like

• May not suit compact bathroom layouts

Specs

• Style: Soaking tub
• Material: Acrylic
• Dimensions: 71 inches long by 31.5 inches wide by 22.9 inches tall

Those looking for a large freestanding tub that they can really lounge in will appreciate the size of this model from Woodbridge. Measuring 71 inches long, it allows you to stretch out, and its long oval shape complements the body’s natural curves for added comfort. A stainless steel bracket at the base supports up to 1,000 pounds, making it one of the sturdiest options on the market. 

We appreciate that this tub boasts a slip-resistant bottom, adhering to American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) safety standards and ensures no discoloration, maintaining its pristine look over time. Complete with essential drain assembly and overflow drain, this model offers plenty of features in a large soaking tub. 

Get the Woodbridge B1701 freestanding tub at Wayfair, Amazon, or Woodbridge.

Best Rectangular

Vanity Art 59-Inch Freestanding Soaking Bathtub

See It

What We Like

• Rectangular design suits modern bathroom styles
• Acrylic construction is reinforced with fiberglass for durability
• Stain- and mildew-resistant finish supports easy cleaning
• Integrated pop-up drain and overflow assembly add convenience 

What We Don’t Like

• Doesn’t have a tap deck for faucet installation

Specs

• Style: Soaking tub
• Material: Acrylic
• Dimensions: 59 inches long by 29.5 inches wide by 23.6 inches tall

The rectangular shape of this freestanding soaking tub by Vanity Art is an appealing option to give a bathroom a modern update. The acrylic material is reinforced with fiberglass to help maintain bathwater temperature. Nonporous acrylic is also resistant to mold, mildew, stains, and discoloration. 

This modern freestanding tub measures just 59 inches long by 29.5 inches wide by 23.6 inches tall, making it a good choice for average-size bathrooms. It features an integrated pop-up drain and overflow assembly system but lacks a tap deck for faucet installation; a freestanding or wall-mounted faucet must be purchased separately. 

Get the Vanity Art freestanding tub at The Home Depot, Wayfair, or Lowes. 

Jump to Our Top Picks

How We Chose the Best Freestanding Tubs

The best bathtubs offer a touch of luxury and relaxation as well as practicality. In this guide, we feature the best freestanding bathtubs for a variety of lifestyles, focusing on key factors like dimensions, weight, style, material construction, and special features. Size was a key consideration, since even folks with small bathrooms might want a freestanding tub, while those with ample square footage may go with a supersize soaker that allows couples to bathe together. 

Any roundup of the best whirlpool tubs, soaker tubs, and standard freestanding tubs should consider the material and style of each model. This guide includes options for reclining and sitting comfortably. Beneficial bells and whistles like massage jets, bubblers, and built-in overflow systems were certainly a plus. We also sought to find tubs for all budgets. 

What to Consider When Choosing a Freestanding Tub

Top-rated freestanding tubs typically require a substantial investment, so it’s smart to understand what you’re paying for! Key product factors to keep in mind include size, style, and material. It’s also wise to become aware of the best freestanding tub brands before choosing a soaker for a renovation project. 

Size

Bigger can be better when it comes to the best large soaking tubs—as long as the chosen model will fit in the bathroom. Shoppers will want to take precise measurements of the bathroom’s square footage and the area they hope to allocate to the new stand-alone tub. 

Then, once you settle on a bathtub size, comfort should be a priority. You’ll want to consider the length, width, and depth of the tub as well as your body size and weight to ensure that you’ll be able to enjoy the soak fully. Couples should note that freestanding tubs are also available in sizes for two people to bathe together. Some folks find that a flat-bottom tub doesn’t feel as good as one with a contoured bottom. 

While assessing sizes to choose a bathtub, remember that the larger the tub, the more water it will take to fill it. According to Justin Cornforth, owner of Ace Home Co. in Williamston, South Carolina, water pressure and water heater capacity must be considered. “If you want a giant tub that will make your bathroom look luxurious, don’t forget that it will take forever to fill (and probably it will cool down before you’re even submerged),” he says. “Therefore, before making the decision regarding sizes, check the capacity of your water heater and consider a tub that holds heat well.”

If shoppers are trying to conserve water and keep bills low, then a somewhat smaller, shallower version of the best freestanding tubs might be a good compromise. 

Style

When it comes to stand alone options, there are several types of bathtubs, including single-ended, single-slipper, double-ended, double-slipper, pedestal, claw-foot, and Japanese soaking tubs.

• Single-ended tubs have one sloped, rounded end—ideal for reclining against—and one straight, squared-off end for drain and faucet installation.
• Single-slipper tubs are similar to single-ended tubs, except one end is elevated instead of sloped. The elevated portion provides back support for users who prefer to sit up in the tub.
• Doubled-ended tubs have two sloped ends for comfortable bathing at either side. The walls are not elevated as on a slipper tub, encouraging the bather to lay back. 
• Double-slipper tubs are raised on both ends and are typically big enough to accommodate two users facing each other. These tubs have a low point in the center for the drain, while the faucet is typically centered on one side.
• Pedestal tubs, also called skirted tubs, rest on top of a plinth or pedestal. Most single-ended, double-ended, single-slipper, and double-slipper tubs are pedestal tubs. 
• Claw-foot tubs are a classic option still somewhat popular today. The tub is supported by four or more feet—sometimes shaped like an animal’s paws resting atop a ball—instead of sitting on a pedestal base. The caution with a claw-foot model is that if the tub is very heavy, the feet can damage floor tiles.
• Japanese soaking tubs are made for small spaces. They typically have the shortest length but make up for it with the height of the tub. Bathers sit instead of recline, allowing them to submerge in water up to their shoulders. 

Material

The best material for freestanding tub construction is typically acrylic because it’s lightweight, affordable, easy to find, and an easy-to-clean bathtub material. However, stand-alone tubs made of cast iron, resin, copper, stainless steel, or stone are also available. 

A cast-iron tub is incredibly durable, but it may require buyers to reinforce flooring due to the heavy weight, advises Cornforth.“Old houses or second-floor bathrooms in newer houses, or even some slab foundations, might not be ready for that much weight. And we are talking not only about the tub weight (which in cast iron case is around 250-500 pounds), but the weight of water and a person (or persons) inside,” he says “If you’re set on cast iron, have a pro check your joists and consider adding support or opt for acrylic or stone resin tubs, they won’t need such structural reinforcements.”

Resin tubs are heavier than acrylic but not as weighty as cast iron. Copper, stainless steel, and stone tubs offer a unique look, but shoppers will pay a premium price for such a high-end model. Another uncommon option is wood, typically oak or cedar, which gives the bathroom a natural look and is an environmentally friendly choice. 

Faucet

When shoppers are considering which freestanding tub is right for their bathroom, they’ll want to factor in where the faucet or filler will be installed. Bathtubs with a rolled rim or rolled top do not typically have faucet drillings, so it’s necessary to find the best freestanding tub faucet or wall-mounted tub faucet for a given bathroom aesthetic that is compatible with the tub. 

The best freestanding tub filler options are typically installed to one side of the tub, close enough for the faucet to hang over the edge. Deck-mounted tub faucets require the bathtub to have a tap deck where the faucet can be secured. There are tubs with predrilled tap decks, but in many models, the holes must be drilled by the owner or a professional plumber in order to install a deck-mounted faucet. 

Additional Features

Freestanding tub manufacturers all compete to make the best bathtubs for their clientele, but when products are relatively similar, additional features help entice shoppers. These bells and whistles include tub caddies, foot coasters, bubblers, and whirlpool massage systems. 

• Tub caddies are water-resistant trays or tabletops that can rest across the tub to hold candles, books, bath products, or even a glass of wine. 
• Foot coasters are small circular pads designed to sit under each foot of a claw-foot bathtub to protect the floor.
• Bubblers are small air jets typically located at the bottom of the tub. A freestanding bathtub with jets can help soothe aching muscles and increase circulation.
• Whirlpool massage systems offer deep, therapeutic massages intended to activate the lymphatic system, increase circulation, and provide relief from muscle aches and joint pain. 

Tips for Installing Freestanding Tubs

Installing a freestanding tub can be a project for a DIYer with some plumbing experience, especially for those trying to mitigate the costs of replacing a bathtub. The first step is taking precise measurements of the area where the tub will be installed. Make sure the tub of choice will fit in the space available. Cast-iron, stone, and metal freestanding tubs can be quite heavy, so if installing one on an upper floor, note the weight of the model and consider reinforcing the floor.

Unless the new tub can fit exactly over the location of the drain used for the removed tub, shoppers will need to install a new drain line through the floor that lines up with the drain in the tub. (You may also want to consider adding bathtub insulation underneath for better heat retention.) Slide the tub into position and use a pencil or another erasable writing tool to trace the outline; this can help you visualize the exact position of the bathtub when installing the drain. 

Finish the installation by applying silicone caulk for showers and bathtubs to the feet on a claw-foot tub or to the base on a pedestal tub. This bead of silicone helps to prevent the tub from shifting or moving on the floor. 

• Take accurate measurements of the size and weight before installation.
• Use a pencil to outline the position of the tub to help line up the drain.
• Apply silicone tub and tile caulking around the base or feet to prevent shifting.

FAQs

Those who want more info about freestanding bathtubs may find it here among the answers to commonly asked questions.

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Bob Vila has been America’s Handyman since 1979. As the host of beloved and groundbreaking TV series including “This Old House” and “Bob Vila’s Home Again,” he popularized and became synonymous with “do-it-yourself” home improvement.